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1、Unit 1 Great scientistsGrammar过去分去分词V-ed的用法的用法4.作状语1.作定语2.作表语3.作补语词分去过The_ (fall) leaves are beautiful.They were _ (excite).fallenexcitedThe 29th Olympic Game _(hold ) in Beijing was successful.held定语表语定语V-ed (动词的过去分词动词的过去分词)，在句中可以作定语、，在句中可以作定语、表语表语。 1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)一颗破碎的心一颗破碎的心 丢失的孩子丢失的孩子已经升起的
2、太阳已经升起的太阳 (1) (1) 在句中的位置在句中的位置单个单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词的名词或代词前面前面；a broken heart the risen suna lost child注意过去分词做注意过去分词做定语定语的位置的位置a closed door a broken windowa polluted river a lighted candle一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛an opened tin一个开过的罐头一个开过的罐头一个醉鬼一个醉鬼a drunk man 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 1.1.前置定语前置定语归纳归
3、纳1：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词修饰的名词_。之前之前a novel written by Luxunthe advice given to the patientan old man supported by his sona school built for the poors过去分词过去分词短语短语作定语时，位于它所作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词修饰的名词或代词后面后面。 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 2.2.后置定语后置定语归纳归纳2： 过去分词短语过去分词短语作定语：通常作定语：通常 _， 其作用相当于其作用相当于定语从句定语
4、从句。后置后置 a picture painted by Qibaishi1) Its a picture _ _ painted by Leonardo da Vinci2) There was a woman _ _ dressed in whitethat/which wasthat/who wasa woman dressed in whiteNothing reported in the newspaper interested him.单个过去分词修饰单个过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobod
5、y，those等等 不定代词不定代词时，也要放在这些词时，也要放在这些词后面后面。教育现在分词过去分词The boiling water is screaming.The barking dog is frightening.The dog is injured.时间语态Shes drinking boiled water.区别区别 1. .语态上语态上现在分词现在分词: :过去分词过去分词: :He is the man swimming in the river just now.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.区别区别
6、表示主动的动作表示主动的动作表示被动的动作表示被动的动作2. .时间上时间上现在分词现在分词: :过去分词过去分词: : the rising sun the risen sun the falling leaves the fallen leaves boiling water boiled water a changing world a changed world the developing country the develoed country区别区别 表示正在进行表示正在进行表示完成表示完成结论：结论：现在分词作定语现在分词作定语,表示动作表示动作_, _意义意义;过去分词作定语
7、过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前已表示动作在谓语之前已_,或具有或具有_意义意义.正在进行正在进行主动主动被动被动完成完成区别区别 I know the people building the house there.The house being built over there is a shop. The house built over there is a shop. The house to be built over there is designed by a famous architect(主动、进行）主动、进行）(被动、正在建被动、正在建)（被动、已建好）（被动、已建好
8、）（被动、将来）（被动、将来）His book _ last year sells well. His book _ now will be on sale next year.His book _ next year will be his best one.The press(出版社) _ his book is famous in the city. published being published to be published publishing publishThe book _ (一本一本农民写的民写的书) is very popular.The building _(去年去
9、年建的楼房建的楼房) collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.The problem _ (在昨天在昨天会会议上上讨论的的) was very difficult to solve.The window _(被那个被那个顽皮男孩打破的皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.written by the farmerbuilt last yeardiscussed at the meeting yesterdaybroken by that naughty boyThe children _ (昨天在医院昨天在医院检查的的) were serious
10、ly ill.The people _(暴露在暴露在阳光下的阳光下的) got sunburnt.The boy _ (受到老受到老师严厉惩罚的的) is now a college student.The water _ (送到他家的水送到他家的水) carried disease.examined in the hospital yesterdayexposed to the sunpunished severely by the teacherdelivered to his homeThe English today is quite different from the Englis
11、h _(300年前年前所所说的的).(speak)Most of the artists_ (被邀被邀请去参加聚会的去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.The students _(受到老受到老师鼓舞的鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. (inspire)spoken in the past 300 yearsinvited to the party inspired by the teacher 位于位于系动词系动词后，不表示后，不表示“被动被动”或或“完成完成”，而是表示主语的，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思状态、特点或思想感情想
12、感情等。相当于形容词等。相当于形容词1.They are excited.2.He looked worried after reading the letter.3.When we heard of this, we were deeply moved.二二. 过去分词过去分词作作表语表语过去分词作表语1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示 动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为 动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。 The glass is broken. The glass was broken by Tom. The windows a
13、re closed. The windows are closed by Jack. 位于be/系动词后面系动词的分类：系动词的分类：“似乎类似乎类”：“感觉类感觉类”： “变成类变成类”：“仍然类仍然类”：基本形式基本形式：Be( am, is, are)seem, appear, lookfeel, sound, smell, tastebecome, go, get, grow, fall, turnremain, stay, keep1. 丢了钱他自责不已。(blame)He _ about losing the money.2.你为什么总是看上去很疲劳?这些日子睡得好吗？Why do
14、 you always _ ? Do you sleep well these days?got blamedlook so tired3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。 (disppoint)I _ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.was disappointed with5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。 The children _ going to the zoo6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒. (infect) His wound _ a new virusare really excite
15、d aboutbecame/was infected with4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。 Everybody _to hear the death of the famous film starwas shocked过去分词和过去分词和V-ingV-ing形式作表语形式作表语的区别的区别: : 表特征表特征-含有含有“令人令人”之意之意 表状态表状态-含有含有“感到感到”之意之意 V-ing形式形式过去分词过去分词比较：比较： The film is interesting. Im interested in Englishsurprising surprisedexciting e
16、xcitedtiring tired amazing amazedBoring boredrelaxing relaxedsatisfying satisfied令人惊讶的令人惊讶的 令人兴奋的令人兴奋的令人惊讶令人惊讶令人厌烦的令人厌烦的令人放松的令人放松的令人满意的令人满意的感到惊讶的感到惊讶的 感到兴奋的感到兴奋的感到劳累的感到劳累的 感到惊讶的感到惊讶的 感到厌烦的感到厌烦的 感到放松的感到放松的感到满意的感到满意的 1.A. Nobody was in the story he told. B. The story he told was very . ( interested, i
17、nteresting )2. A. Everybody was to hear the news. B. The news is very indeed. ( excited, exciting )3. A. The result of the test was rather . B. He was very at the result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )4. A. What he said was very . B. I was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )Fill in the blank with proper words.Fill in the blank with proper words.interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingdisappointingdisappointedamusingamused
