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1、商务英语第一章商务英语翻商务英语第一章商务英语翻译基础知识译基础知识第一节 翻译的概念,分类,过程及方法next四.翻译的方法.直译和意译是翻译的两大基本方法.所谓直译是指翻译时要求译文与原文在词语,语法结构及表达方式上保持一致的方法例:Many investors no longer treat a stock as an instrument of ownership in a corporation but only as a derivative of economic factors, risks and potentials. 许多投资者不再把他们拥有的股票看作是拥有某一公司一部分
2、权益的工具,而只是将它视为经济因素,风险,潜力的衍生物See morenext.意译是指摆脱原文形式的束缚而传达原文的内容During Federal Reserve Chairman Greenspans nearly 20 years as the world most powerful central banker, the U.S has suffered only one recession, a brief one in 1990-1991. 格林斯潘作为全球最有实力的中央银行的掌舵人,在其近年的任期中,美国仅在年间遭受过一次短暂的经济萧条本句意译主要体现在句子结构层面上,将onl
3、y one recession和a brief one in 1990-1991进一步融合,更加符合汉语的表达习惯一.讨论翻译的概念,分类,过程及方法并提出自己的看法和观点二.将下列汉语译成英语:三.语内翻译四.语际翻译五.语符翻译六.文学翻译七.实用翻译八.功能对等九.机器翻译十.目的语十一.源语三结合直译和意译两种翻译方法,将下列英语译成汉语:.Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in an
4、other language.2.A translation should give a complete transcript of the same character as that of the original. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.3. Automatic package has been adopted into production of almost every industry.4.A compensation package often includes a
5、base salary, an annual bonus and some other extra rewards and benefits.5. A packaged service called Trade Web costs companies less than 1,000a year to join. It is so cheap that 3,000 small suppliers have signed up with the operator.6.The through quality management is apparent not just in the product
6、s, but also in the system through a self-check system and tracebility at each stage of production from the greenhouse to the table.第二节商务英语和商务文本翻译标准exercise一商务英语的界定商务英语是英语的一种功能变体,是专门用途英语(English for Specific Purposes)中的一个分支,适于商务场合中应用,或者说是一种包含了各种商务活动内容,适合商业需要的标准英文而这些商务活动包括技术引进,对外贸易,招商引资,对外劳务承包与合同,国际金融
7、,涉外保险,国际旅游,海外投资,国际运输等等,在这些活动中使用的英语统称为商务英语(Business English )二商务文本的翻译标准商务文本的复杂性决定了商务文本的翻译标准必须是多元化的,不同的商务文体该有不同的翻译标准.商务广告的翻译:“劝购功能相似”广告的主要功能是劝购功能,即说服读者去买广告中所宣传的产品或服务广告翻译是否成功取决它是否能在译文读者中取得同样的作用广告翻译应以“劝购功能相似”为其基本原则,译文应与原文有大致相同的宣传效果,信息传递功能和移情感召功能需要强调的是,由于语言之间存在的差异以及译文读者和原文读者的社会和文化背景不同,广告翻译的“功能相似”原则并不是要求字
8、字对等的“忠实”翻译而是一种极为灵活的对等:即广告翻译的受众是否象原广告的受众一样乐于掏钱买商家所宣传的广告产品.例:We take no pride in prejudice.( The Times 的一则广告)译文:对于你的偏见,我们没有傲慢译文:对于有失偏颇的报道,我们并不引以为豪参考译文:正义的力量,舆论的向导exampleexamplePride in prejudicePride in prejudice引用英国作家简奥斯汀的名作引用英国作家简奥斯汀的名作傲慢与偏见,体现了泰傲慢与偏见,体现了泰晤士报秉承公平,公正的办报原则,收到了很好的广告效果晤士报秉承公平,公正的办报原则,收到
9、了很好的广告效果但由于中西方的文化差异,使这种效果很难在译文中表现出来但由于中西方的文化差异,使这种效果很难在译文中表现出来译文将傲慢与偏见的两个关键词强加到译文中,但却使人译文将傲慢与偏见的两个关键词强加到译文中,但却使人看了之后不知所云译文二虽然表达了公平公正的意思,但给人看了之后不知所云译文二虽然表达了公平公正的意思,但给人的感觉是泰晤士报不总是报道真实的新闻在这种既难保留的感觉是泰晤士报不总是报道真实的新闻在这种既难保留原文,又难达到广告宣传目的的两难情况下,则可放弃原文,采原文,又难达到广告宣传目的的两难情况下,则可放弃原文,采取另译的方法取另译的方法例句分析 Quality Ser
10、vices for Quality Life.凝聚新动力,文康展新姿凝聚新动力,文康展新姿香港康乐及文化事物署的双语广告香港康乐及文化事物署的双语广告 Connecting People.科技以人为本科技以人为本诺基亚公司的广告词诺基亚公司的广告词商务广告的翻译next2.商务应用文的翻译:约定俗成,入乡随俗商务应用文在此具体是指商务活动中的项目招商通告,营业执照,招投标文件,请柬等具有固定行文格式的商务文件.exampleexample商务应用文的翻译 The Deputy Prime Minister of Australia and minister for Overseas Trade
11、 Dr.J.F. Cairns Requests the Pleasure of Your Company at a Banquet On Tuesday, 11 October, 2005 from 12:30 to 13:30 p.m. in Hall Three of the Beijing Exhibition Center To Mark the Opening of the Australian Exhibition R.S.V.P Tel:_ Chinese商务应用文的翻译 谨订于年月日(星期二)时半至下午时半假座谨订于年月日(星期二)时半至下午时半假座北京展览馆号大厅举行宴会,
12、庆祝澳大利亚展览会开幕北京展览馆号大厅举行宴会,庆祝澳大利亚展览会开幕敬请光临敬请光临澳大利亚副总理兼海外贸易部长澳大利亚副总理兼海外贸易部长杰杰.弗弗.凯恩斯博士凯恩斯博士(请赐复)(请赐复)电话电话_next3. 商务信函的翻译:事实准确,礼貌得体根据商务信函的语言特点和实际用途,商务信函的翻译应遵循以下原则:准确传达原文的事实信息主要包括三个方面:术语翻译规范,具体事实细节准确传译,一般性叙述用词恰当贴切再现原文的礼貌语气商务信函属于公函语体,措辞严谨,语气委婉,注重礼节,翻译是要特别注意再现原文的礼貌语气符合公函文体的语言特征exampleexample商务信函的翻译 There ar
13、e qualities of this item here, in different weights and size, with varied colors and shapes. The price is very reasonable and the quotations will be given upon request.Our prices already make full allowance for large orders and , as you know, we operate in a highly competitive market in which we hav
14、e been forced to cut our prices to minimum.我方现有各种不同重量,不同体积,颜色丰富,形状各异的大理石,数量甚巨,价格合理,受函抱价我方抱价已考虑到大批量定货的因素相信贵公司了解我们是在一个竞争十分激烈的市场上经营销售业务,因而已经不得不把利润降到最低限度next.商务合同的翻译 商务合同的概念:是一种契约文体,其文体具有用语正式,句式严谨以及篇章结构固定等特点具体标准:用词准确,译文完整行文通顺,条理清楚符合契约的文体特点exampleexample商务合同的翻译 The date of receipt issued by the transport
15、ation department concerned shall be regarded as the date of the delivery of goods.Payment: By irrevocable L/C at the sight to reach the sellers 30 days before the time of shipment. The buyer shall make a claim against the Seller (including replacement of the goods) by the further inspection certific
16、ate and all the expenses incurred therefore shall by the Seller. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.Chinese商务合同的翻译由有关的运输机构所开据收据的日期视为为由有关的运输机构所开据收据的日期视为为交货期交货期买方应在装船前天将不可撤消的即期信买方应在装船前天将不可撤消的即期信用证开到卖方用证开到卖方买方需凭复检证明书向卖方提出索赔(包括买方需凭复检证明书向卖方提出索赔(包括换货),由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负责换货),由此引起的全部费用应由卖
17、方负责仲裁机构的裁决具有最终效力,双方必须遵仲裁机构的裁决具有最终效力,双方必须遵照执行照执行一讨论翻译及商务英语翻译的标准二将下列英语短语译成汉语:.form a receipt _ 2.ticket order form _ 3.application form _ 4.an active list _ 5.an export list _moremore三.将下列英语段落翻译成汉语 Speaking of translation, we tend to think of Yan Fu who advocated for the first time the three words as
18、translation criteria, namely, “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance”. Yan Fus “faithfulness” means the full and complete conveying or transmission of the original content or thought. His “expressiveness” demands that the version must be clear and flowing without any grammatical mistakes or conf
19、used logic and sense. But his “elegance” is unadoptable because it refers to the use of classical Chinese before the Han Dynasty, Yan Fu held that only the language before the Han Dynasty could be considered elegant and old vocabulary, the old structure of Chinese must be used in order to represent
20、the original fully and adequately. “Faithfulness” first refers to the content of the original work. The translator must bring out the original meaning both comprehensively and accurately without any distortion or casual addition or deletion of the original thoughts. Faithfulness also includes the keeping of the original style, as Mr. Lu Xun put it , “keep the full flavor of the original work.”