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1、1 非谓语动词重要考点：一、不定式； -ing 形式； -ed 形式二、省略to 的不定式；三、带 to 与不带 to 意思不同的情况；四、只用 -ing 做宾语的动词五、只用to 的不定式做宾语的动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。具体含义为在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别: 1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语 ) Mr. Li came to our classroom to
2、 have a talk with us last week. (to have a talk. 不定式作状语) 2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。Mike likes the pop music. (动词用单数第三人称形式) Lucy has nothing to do today。(do 用原形 ) 非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式，动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）。1）不定式时态 语态主动被动一般式to doto be done 完成式to have doneto have been done 2）动名词时态 语态主动被动一般式doingbein
3、g done 完成式having donehaving been done 3）分词时态 语态主动被动一般式doingbeing done 完成式having donehaving been done否定形式：not + 不定式，not + 动名词，not + 现在分词动词不定式一、结构及特征：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 31 页2 1、动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形 ” ，有时可以不带to。2、特点：动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分 主语、表语、宾语、状语和
4、宾语补足语，所以我们又称之为非谓语形式。动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。二、动词不定式的用法：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。1） 作主语To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To learn English well is not easy. 动词不定式短语作主语时，往往用it 作形式主语，真正的不定式主语置于句后，如上面两句可改为：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. It is not eas
5、y to learn English well. 这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：It + be + 名词+ to do It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用for+sb. It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. (用for+sb.说明不定式表示的动作执行者) 2）作表语My wish is to become a teacher. My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. Your duty is to water flowers every
6、day. He seems to have few friends here. 3）作宾语常与不定式连用作宾语的动词有：want, like, begin, star, choose, forget, remember, need, would like, decide, ask, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer等，如：Most of us like to watch football matches. Please remember to p
7、ost this letter. I plan to buy a new computer.动词不定式作宾语时，如果他后面有宾语补足语，常用it 作形式宾语，而真正的宾语即不定式放在宾补后面。句型结构为：主语+ 谓语+ it + 宾语补足语+ 动词不定式I found it easy to make a paper plane. I found it difficult to solve the problem. He feels it his duty to help the poor. We find it necessary to help the blind.在英语中有些动词如：kno
8、w, wonder, decide, learn等词后可接“ 疑问词 +不定式 ”作宾语Please show us how to do it. The question is how to solve it. I can t decide where to go. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 31 页3 The boy didn t know how to use the computer. 4）作宾语补足语后接带to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有：ask, tell, beg, like, love, w
9、ould like, hate, order, teach, want, allow, warn, encourage, wish, cause, advise, force, permit, persuade, Prepare, invite, urge等 The teachers often encourage us to study hard. Father allows us to watch TV at night. My teacher told us not to play on the road. 后接省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：感官动词hear, feel, se
10、e, watch, notice, listen to, look at; 使役动词let, make, have。另外 help 后的动词不定式可带to 也可省 to( 省略 to 的不定式在改写成被动语态时，动词后一定要把to 加上 ) I saw him dance. I heard Lucy sing in the classroom. I often help my mother (to) do housework. The boss made the workers work all day. (改被动 The workers were made to work all day.H
11、e told me to be here on time. 5）作定语不定式作定语往往放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语I have nothing to say about that thing. The next bus to arrive is at 7:45. Reading aloud is the best way to learn English. 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如果是不及物动词需要加介词，如： Is there a room to live in? Would you please give me some paper to write on. Could you pa
12、ss me a pen to write with.与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其他词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管由被动意义，却仍然用主动。 Do you have anything to say on this problem? Would you mind giving me something to drink? 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系而不存在主谓关系，则需用被动语态： Do you have anything to be taken to your mum? 6）作状语(目的，结果，原因等) He stopped to have a look. （目的）He ran so
13、 fast as to catch the first bus. (目的 ) He woke up to find everybody gone. (结果 ) I m glad to see you. (原因 ) 注意：不定式放句首时，逻辑主语和句子的要主语一致：如To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. (错) To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. (正确 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 31 页4 三、不定式
14、作副词的用法-作状语。不定式可以在句子中作目的、原因和结果状语。I am sorry to have bothered you. 我非常抱歉打搅了你。(原因状语 ) They will come to the city to look for a job.他们将要到大城市来找工作。(目的状语 ) If you are so stupid as to do so, you must expect trouble.你如果愚蠢得这样做事，你就等着自找麻烦吧。(结果状语 ) “ too.to.”结构中的不定式含有否定的意思，因此“ too.to.”表示 “ 太 而 不能 ” 。The boy is t
15、oo young to join the army.这孩子太小，还不能参军。He is too busy to see me.他太忙，不能来看我。“ so as.+不定式 ” 结构，不定式作目的状语，意思是“ 以便 ” 。“so+ 形容词 (副词 )+as+ 不定式 ” 结构，不定式作结果状语。He went there quickly so as to meet her.他赶快到那里去以便可以碰见她。(目的 ) He was so kind as to offer his seat to me.承他好意，把座位让给了我。(结果 ) The man was so angry as to sma
16、sh the things in the room.这个人气极了，便开始摔屋里的东西。(结果 ) 四、不定式的否定形式：not to do/ no do典型例题Tell him _ the window.A. to shut notB. not to shutC. to not shut D. not shut解析： B. tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.She warned her daughter _ computer games too much. A. never to play B. to never play C. nev
17、er playing D. never play 解析： A. warn sb to do sth 的否定形式为warn sb not(never) to do sth.五、动词不定式与疑问词连用：疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以接动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。例如： (1) He doesn t know how to use the machine.(不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The
18、question is when to go there. (不定式作表语) 六、省 to 的动词不定式1. 感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+ doing表示动作的连续性，进行性初中接触的动词可以这样记忆：一感（ feel ）二听（ hear, listen to ）三使 ,让（ let, make, have）四看看（ see, look at, watch, notice）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳
19、总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 31 页5 半帮助（ help ）别忘了省略的to 变为被动语态时要再加上(主变被还原to) I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调 “ 我看见了 ” 这个事实）I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调 “ 我见他正干活” 这个动作）感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. （2） help help sb do he
20、lp sb to do help do help to do （3）下列结构必须使用不带to 的动词不定式。had better do.最好还是做 would you please do.请您做 would rather do.(than do)宁愿做 would sooner do.愿做 may just as well do.是做 的好rather than do.而不是做 Why /why not 句型中Rather than go out, I prefer to stay at home. He would rather die than give in. Why not have
21、a rest. = Why don t you have a rest. （4）使役动词let, have, make：注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。A. I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. B. The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night. (5) but 和 except 作介词后接不定式结构时，前谓语动词部分若含有to 的形式， but 后的不定式省去to, 否则要带to,如：He has nothing to do but
22、 cry. I have no choice but to wait for him. (6) 当两个或多个不定式短语有连词and, but 或 or 连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to 常常被省略，若表示对比，对照关系时，则不能省略，如：He wanted to stay at home and read a book. My purpose of studying is to go to college but not to have a job. 七、不定式的难点：1）too to ：太 而不能 He is too excited to speak.2）enough to do ：足以做
23、The child is old enough to go to schooll.3）Why not + 动词原形 表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不 ? Why not take a holiday?4）so as (not) to do: 表示目的Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 5）用作介词的“to ”，其后加v-ing 形式精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 31 页6 look forward to 渴望 ; pay attention to 注意 ; devot
24、e oneself to 献身于； be/get used to 习惯等等。6）Its for sb. 和 Its of sb. A. Its for sb . 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。B. Its of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如 good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right
25、。Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。【说明】 for 与 of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用 for。 如： You are nice.(通顺，所以应用 of)。 He is hard.(人是困难的， 不通。 或者 : To study two languages is hard for him。 因此应用 for。) 八、不定式的一些常用结构(1)be + to do She is very proud to be a student in Beijing Un
26、iversity.作为一名北京大学的学生，她感到自豪。Your mother will be angry to find that nothing has been done.你母亲看到什么事都没做会发火的。(2)have (has, had)+不定式这一结构表示“ 不得不 ” ，“ 只好 ” 的意思。He will have to swallow the bitterness sooner or later.他迟早要吞下这颗苦果的。As she missed the train, she had to return home.由于耽误了那趟火车，她只得又回家去了。(3)there is (a
27、re)、 、 、 +不定式There is something important to do today.今天有一件重要的事情要做。There are lots of letters to type now.现在有许多信要打出来。(4)be about+ 不定式表示 “ 正要做 ”I was just about to leave when you phoned me. 我正要走，你就给我来电话了。The match is about to begin. Hurry up! 比赛马上要开始了，快点! (5)only+ 不定式，表示 “ 却”They lifted a stone only t
28、o drop it on their own feet.他们搬起石头，却砸了自己的脚。He went home in a hurry only to find that nothing happened there.他急忙赶回家里却发现家里什么事都没有。(6)so as (not) to do.“为了 (不) ”She worked hard so as to be a college student.为了要上大学，她刻苦学习。He went to work early so as not to be there late.为了不迟到，他很早就去上班了。(7)enough+ 不定式表示 “ 十
29、分，足够 ”This car is not big enough to seat five people.这辆车不够大，坐不下五个人。He drove fast enough to catch up the train.他把车开得飞快，足以赶上那列火车。特别注意：1. “ 形容词 (或副词 )+enough+不定式 ” 构成的是简单句，可以和复合句“so.that.”相互转换。例如：It is easy enough for her to do. (简单句 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 31 页7 It is so
30、 easy that she can do it.(复合句 ) 这件事情很容易，她可以做。2. “so.that (cant)”和句型 “too.to.”的相互转换。She is too frightened to say a word.(简单句 ) She is so frightened that she cant say a word. (复合句 )她太害怕了，以致于一句话也说不上来。The dictionary is too expensive for me to afford. The dictionary is so expensive that I cant afford it.
31、 这本词典太贵了，(以致 )我买不起。(8)It is (was)+ 形容词 +of (for) sb.+ 不定式It is clever of you to deal with such a thing.这样一件事情你处理得很聪明。It was necessary for me to explain it. 我对此作一下解释是必要的。比较：该句型中“of sb. ”和“for sb.”的使用情况不同，可以从两方面加以区别：它们两者所用的形容词不同A。 of sb. 的句型一般使用表示主观感情或态度的形容词。例如：good, kind, nice, right, wrong, wise, cl
32、ever, foolish, careful, careless等。It is wise of her to do so.她这样做是非常明智的。It was clever of him to go away at that time.在那个时刻他走开是很聪明的。B for sb. 的句型使用表示客观情况的形容词。例如：hard, easy, possible, impossible, difficult, necessary, unnecessary, important, interesting等。It was impossible for him to get there on time.
33、他要准时到达那里已是不可能的事。It is simple for me to solve the problem.对我来说解决此事非常简单。of sb. 的句型通常都可转换为不定式作状语的句子，但for sb. 句型不可以。It is very nice of you to offer me a seat. You are very nice to offer me a seat. 十分感谢你给我让座。It was careless of him to lose so many things. He was careless to lose so many things. 他丢了这么多东西，真
34、是太粗心了。It is very important for you to practise your oral English in the daily life. 在日常生活中练习你的英语口语是非常重要的。这句话不能变为：She is very important to practise. 九、有些动词后只跟不定式。（见后页）动名词一、 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，它兼有动词和名词的特征，由动词原形加 -ing 构成， 否定形式 not doing, 它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1）动名词作 主语 : 动名词词作主语表示一种抽象的，泛指的
35、动作，而不是一次具体的动作，谓语动词需要用三单形式Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。(seeing 作主语， believing 作表语都是动名词) Smoking is bad for your health. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 31 页8 Getting up early is good for your health. Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动2）动名词作 表语My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游
36、泳。The nurse s job is looking after the patient. 护士的工作是照看病人。3）动名词作 宾语 作动词的宾语Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。She can t help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。说明 有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。例如：admit, finish, avoid, consider, hate, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, forgive, give up, mind, practi
37、se, imagine, keep, mention, mind miss, suggest, be good at, do well in, cant help, can t stand, keep on, feel like, be used to, look forward to, prefer to,等。The baby stopped crying and listened to the music. Have you finished reading that book. Keeping studying hard, and you will make progress. 4）动名
38、词作 定语 ：动名词作定语时和形容词的功能是相似的。动名词可以单独作定语，例如：a smiling face 笑脸a swimming pool 游泳池a dining car 餐车a reading room 阅览室a sleeping car 卧车a waiting room 候车室二、动名词的常考点1. 动名词做主语，谓语动词为单数2. 在动名词和不定式中，做为介词的宾语是动名词3. 动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语。I would appreciate_ back this afternoonA. you to call B. you call C
39、. you calling D. youre calling （Key ：C your calling 也对）I regret not having taken your advice. 4. 有些词后只能接动名词admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; delay; discontinue; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; feel like; finish; forgive; cant help; imagine; keep; it means; mention;
40、 mind; miss; pardon; practice; prevent; report; suggest; understand. 5. 作介词宾语：因为动名词有名词的功能，所以也可以做介词的宾语。动名词作介词宾语时，通常放在由动词或形容词与介词组成的介词短语或形容词短语后面：look forward to (渴望，盼望 ) be proud of ( 以自豪 ) insist on ( 坚持 ) think of ( 考虑，想到 ) dream of ( 梦想 ) hear of ( 听说 ) prevent from ( 防止，阻止 ) keep from (防止，阻止 ) stop
41、 from (防止，阻止 ) depend on ( 依靠，依赖 ) thank for (因而感谢 ) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 31 页9 excuse for ( 因而道歉 ) aim at ( 目的在于 ) devote to (献身于 ) be/get used to(习惯于 ) be fond of ( 喜欢 ) be afraid of ( 害怕 ) be tired of ( 对厌烦 ) succeed in ( 成功做 )be interested in (对感兴趣 ) be/keep busy
42、(忙于 ) have trouble/fun/ problem difficulty (in) I look forward to hearing from you soon. He is used to going for a walk after supper. We have difficulties solving these problems 6.另外还有一些接-ing 形式的常用说法：its no good; its no/little/hardly any/ use; its not/hardly/scarcely use; its worthwhile; spend money
43、/time; theres no; theres nothing worse than; whats the use/point. 7. 有些词后加不定式和动名词均可remember, forget, try, stop, go on, mean后面用不定式和-ing 形式，意义截然不容。I remembered to post the letters. （指未来 /过去未来的动作）I remembered posting/having posting the letters. （我记得这个动作）forgot 与 remember的用法类似。I regret to inform you tha
44、t 我很遗憾地通知你I regretted having left the firm after twenty years. 为了 二十年前的离开而遗憾 . . try to 努力You really must try to overcome your shyness. try ing 试验Try practicing five hours a day. I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 打算、想 我想去，但我父亲不让我去。To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 意味着
45、 赠加工资意味着增加购买力。prefer 的用法：我宁愿在这里等。I prefer to wait here. （所以啊，你不介意的话，我就等下去。）I prefer waiting here.（我正在这里等，我就喜欢这么做。）I prefer swimming to cycling. （这个句子里面就不能用不定式了。）8. need/want 后的 -ing 形式具有被动的意思。其中，want 不太常用。He needs （a lot of ） encouraging. 9. 动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格加名词构成，句子的开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词
46、Do you mind my/me opening the door? His coming made me very happy. Mary s crying annoyed him. She didn t mind his crying. 例题解析：Eating too much bananas are bad for your health. X 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 31 页10 Eating too much bananas are bad for your health. 解析：动名词作主语时用第三
47、人称单数I remember to put the purse on the table, but I cant find it.X I remember putting the purse on the table, but I cant find it.解析： remember to do 记着去做 （还没有做）remember doing 记得做过某事（已经做过）Your room needs to clean. Its very dirty. X Your room needs cleaning. It s very dirty. 解析： need, want 后接动名词表被动I ha
48、ve trouble to finish so much work. X I have trouble finishing so much work. 解析： have trouble in doing sth. 现在分词一、现在分词的定义现在分词是动词的另一种非限定形式。它兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。现在分词和宾语或状语一起构成现在分词短语。二、现在分词的基本形式现在分词构成。V+-ing 现在分词有一般式和完成式，及物动词的现在分词有主动态和被动态。其形式如下：三、现在分词的句法功能现在分词在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语1、作定语作定语用的现在分词如果是
49、单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；如果是现在分词短语，则放在被修饰词的后面，它在作用上相当于一个定语从句。coming week下周running water 自来水sleeping child 酣睡的孩子flying fish飞鱼working people劳动人民walking tractor手扶拖拉机This is a very interesting book这是一本很有趣的书The girl standing there(=who is standing there)is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我妹妹。现在分词作定语时，要注意分词所表示的动作发生的时间。一般说来，主要有
50、下面两种情况：（ 1）表示正在进行的动作（变为从句时需要用进行事态）。Did you see the girl dancing with your brother? The man standing there is my brother. （ 2）表示经常性、习惯性的动作或现在（当时）的状态（变为从句时多用一般时态）。如： We lived in a room facing(=that faced) the south. 我们住在同一间朝南的房间里。The factory making(=that makes)these pens is a small one. 制造这种钢笔的是一家小场。精
51、选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 31 页11 现在分词作定语时，其修饰的名词或代词就是其逻辑主语2、作表语。现在分词做表语多表示主语所具有的特征或属性，并表示主动关系。The story sounds interesting.那故事听起来很有趣。The news was disappointing.那消息另人失望。The book is exciting. 现 在 分 词 作 表 语 ， 常 见 的 有 ： exciting ,interesting , disappointing ,discouraging , enc
52、ouraging , puzzling , missing, surprising , confusing, amusing , charming , astonishing , shocking , inviting等。这些现在分词几乎已经变成形容词，常可用very 修饰。The news is very interesting .这消息很有趣。I found it annoying.我觉得它很讨厌。3、作宾语补足语。现在分词常可用在see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, have等后面作宾语补足语。They kept me wait
53、ing for a long time.他们让我等了好久。He saw people coming and going.他看见人们来来往往。上述句子结构变为被动语态时，除主语和宾语互换位置外，现在分词位置保持不动。如上面的句子可变为：I was kept waiting for a long time. People were seen coming and going. He was heard him singing in his room. He heard him singing in his room. 在 see, hear, feel, watch, notice等动词后，既可以
54、用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语。两者的差别在于：用现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行，其含义相当于进行时态；用不定式表示动作已经发生，动作的过程已经结束。I saw him go upstairs. 我看见他上楼了。(比较： He went upstairs.)（看见他上楼整个过程，说明他上楼这件事。 ）I saw him going upstairs.我看见他走上楼。(比较： He was going upstairs.)（我看见他正在向楼上走去，说明他上楼的情况。）Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (比较： Someone
55、 is knocking at the door, do you hear?)你听见有人敲们了么？Yes , I did . I heard him knock three times. 是的，我听见他敲了三下。有时两者意思差别不大。I heard the whistle blow(ing) a few minutes ago. 几分钟前我听见鸣笛声。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 31 页12 五、作状语现在分词作状语时，常可以表达伴随、原因、结果、时间、条件、让步情况，如：1.表伴随The children ran
56、 out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. 2.表原因Havin g eaten too much, he couldnt go to sleep.Having read the letter, she got very excited.（完成式）Being so poor in those days, we couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital.注： Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.
57、（分词完成式的肯定式）Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.（分词完成式的否定式）3. 表结果His parents were killed in the accident, leaving him an orphan. The bus was held up by snowstorm, thus causing the delay. 注：现在分词表示必然结果，前可加thus, 不定式表意外的结果，前可加only. He was caught in the rain, thus making hims
58、elf catch cold. (表示在意料之中) I hurried to school, only to find that it was Sunday. (表示在意料之外) 4.表时间When crossing the road, please be careful. Dont mention this while talking to him.On arriving in London, he managed to get in touch with her. =As soon as he arrived in London, .5.表条件Working hard, youll get
59、 a good achievement.Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the site. 6.表让步Working so hard, he failed again. 过去分词1.作宾补have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事I had my TV repaired last night . 2.作定语单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?
60、Have you ever read any books _ _ written by Luxun? 3.作表语过去分词作表语已经形容词化My cup is broken. 一般说来，现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分词所表示的动作往往已经完成。试比较：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 31 页13 the changing world 正在变化着的世界the changed world 已经起了变化的世界boiling water 正在沸腾的水boiled water 已经煮开过的水（可能是凉开水）develo
61、ping countries 发展中国家developed countries 发达国家the rising sun 正在升起的太阳the risen sun 升起了的太阳非谓语动词间的区别相同点1）共同点：动词不定式结构和动词的-ing 形式都被称之为非谓语结构，因此它们一般都可以放在句中除了谓语之外的其他位置。2）区别 动词不定式的基本含义是表示谓语动词后面的动作还未发生，此外，若谓语动词后面的动作发生过了也用不定式，而 -ing 分词的基本含义一般则表示动作正在发生或进行。动名词的基本用法是该结构用在及物动词或介词之后构成动宾短语或介宾短语。3）接不定式或动名词，意义相同：begin t
62、o do begin doing start to do start doing continue to do continue doing 4）接动名词与不定式语义不同：A. stop to dostop doingB. forget to doforget doing C. remember to doremember doingD. try to dotry doing E. go on to dogo on doingF. be afraid to dobe afraid doing 区别1不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1) 动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Sm
63、oking is prohibited(禁止 )here 这里禁止抽烟。(抽象 ) It is not very good for you to smoke so much你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体 ) (2) 动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting爬山很有趣。(经验 ) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验 ) (3）不定式做主语，一般用it 当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It
64、 took me only five minutes to finish the job. 2不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 31 页14 (1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。To do two things at a time is to do neither -次做两件事等于未做。What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示
65、结果）。To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。To work means to earn a living工作就是为了生活。3)如果主语是以aim， duty， hope ， idea， happiness ， job， plan ， problem ， purpose ， thing ，wish 等为中心的名词，或以what 引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。The function of Louis Sulli
66、vans architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant(2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。Our work is serving the people我们的工作是为人民服务。His hobby is collecting stamps他的爱好是集邮。(注
67、)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。People cannot but feel puzzled， for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake. His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected(3)分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到
68、的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite ， interest 等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“ 激动 ” ，“ 高兴 ” ，而是 “ 使激动 ” 、“ 使高兴 ” ，因而现在分词应该是“ 令人激动的 ” 、“ 令人高兴的 ” ，过去分词则是“ 感到激动的 ” 和“ 感到高兴的 ” 。所以，凡表示“ 令人 的” 都是 -ing 形式，凡是表示“ 感到 ” 都用 -ed 形式。换句话说，若人对 感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in., 若人 /物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth. is interesting. 这类词常见的有：interesting使人感到高
69、兴 -interested感到高兴的exciting 令人激动的 -excited 感到激动的delighting 令人高兴的 -delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的 -disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的 -encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing 令人愉快的 -pleased 感到愉快的puzzling 令人费解的 -puzzled 感到费解的satisfying令人满意的 -satisfied感到满意的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 31 页15 s
70、urprising 令人惊异的 -surprised感到惊异的worrying 令人担心的 -worried 感到担心的Travelling is interesting but tiring旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。The argument is very convincing他的论点很令人信服。They were very excited at the news听到这个消息，他们非常激动。3不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多
71、数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语attempt 企图enable 能够neglect 忽视afford 负担得起demand 要求long 渴望arrange 安排destine 注定mean 意欲，打算begin 开始expect 期望omit 忽略，漏appear 似乎，显得determine决定manage 设法 cease 停止hate 憎恨，厌恶pretend 假装ask 问 dread 害怕need 需要 agree 同意desire 愿望love 爱swear 宣誓volunteer志愿wis
72、h 希望 bear 承受endeavor努力offer 提供beg 请求fail 不能plan 计划bother 扰乱；烦恼forget 忘记prefer 喜欢，宁愿care 关心，喜欢happen 碰巧 prepare 准备 decide 决定learn 学习regret 抱歉，遗憾choose 选择 hesitate 犹豫profess 表明 claim 要求hope 希望promise 承诺，允许start 开始undertake 承接want 想要 consent 同意，赞同intend 想要refuse 拒绝decide 决定learn 学习vow 起 contrive 设法，图谋i
73、ncline 有倾向propose 提议seek 找，寻觅try 试图只跟不定式作宾语的动词速记口诀: （25 个主要动词）三个希望两答应，hope, wish, expect, agree, promise 两个要求莫拒绝。demand, ask, refuse 设法学会做决定，manage, learn, decide/determine 不要假装在选择。pretend, choose/select 打算提出俩计划，intend, offer, plan, mean 申请失败负担起，apply, fail, afford 准备愿望又碰巧。prepare, desire, happen I
74、hoped to have seen you in Paris last week.我原指望上星期能在巴黎见到你。I wish to be forever with him.我希望能永远和他在一起。I expect to see you soon.我期盼着能马上见到你。Sally agreed to be my date tonight.莎丽同意今晚跟我出去约会。She promised to be a film star.她有希望成为一名电影明星。I demand to know why he had done it.我要求知道他为什麽做出这种事。Everyone asks to have
75、a sweet life.每一个人都要求拥有甜蜜的生活。This is the reason why he refused to accept the fact .这就是为什么他不想接受这个事实的原因。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 31 页16 We finally managed to get there in time.最后，我们设法及时赶到了那里。Anyone can learn to speak English.任何人都可以学着说英语。I decided to conquer English from tod
76、ay!我决定从今天开始攻克英语！Jim has determined to work harder than before.吉姆下决心比从前更努力工作。She pretended to be happy when she saw her father.她看到她爸爸的时候假装高兴的样子。Can you choose to fall?你真能选择堕落吗? I intend to improve my English test, because it is very bad.我打算提高我的英语成绩，因为老是考得很糟糕。Never offer to teach fish to swim.不要教鱼游泳 (
77、不要班门弄斧)。I plan to translate the novel.我计划要翻译这篇小说。I did not mean to hurt your feelings.我没有想要伤害你的感情。International students can also apply to become resident assistants after a year in the dorms. 国际学生也可以在宿舍住满一年后申请成为居民助理的。He failed to seize the opportunity .他没有把握住那个机会。How can he afford to go abroad ever
78、y year?他怎么能支付得起每年出国的费用？Do you prepare to accept the challenge?你做好准备接受挑战了吗？Every man desires to live long, but no man would be old.人人都希望长寿，但没人愿意变老。I happen to have an honest partner.我碰巧有一个忠实的好搭档。2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语 +动词不定式ask 要求，邀请get 请，得到prompt 促使allow 允许forbid 禁止prefer 喜欢，宁愿announce宣布force 强迫press
79、 迫使 bride 收买inspire 鼓舞request 请求assist 协助hate 憎恶pronounce断定，表示advise 劝告exhort 告诫，勉励pray 请求authorize授权，委托help 帮助recommend劝告，推荐bear 容忍implore 恳求remind 提醒 beg 请求 induce 引诱report 报告compel 强迫 invite 吸引，邀请，summon传唤 command命令 intend 想要，企图show 显示drive 驱赶mean 意欲，打算train 训练 cause 引起instruct 指示require 要求deserv
80、e 应受leave 使，让tell 告诉 direct 指导like 喜欢tempt 劝诱entitle 有资格order 命令warn 告诫 enable 使能够need 需要urge 激励，力说encourage鼓励oblige 不得不want 想要 condemn 指责，谴责lead 引起，使得teach 教entreat 恳求 permit 允许wish 希望(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认，自认cease 停止mention 说到，讲到admit 承认tolerate 忍受dislike ，讨厌advocate ：提倡，主张complete完成 dread
81、 可怕 appreciate 感激，欣赏confess坦白 endure 忍受avoid 避免contemplate细想enjoy 享有，喜爱bear 忍受 defer 拖延envy 嫉妒cant help不禁delay 延迟escape 逃跑，逃避cant stand 受不了deny 否认excuse 借口consider 考虑 detest 嫌恶fancy 幻想，爱好favor 造成，偏爱mind 介意repent 悔悟figure 描绘， 计算 miss 错过resent 怨恨 finish 完成， 结束不得pardon 原谅， 饶恕resist 抵抗， 阻止forgive 原谅perm
82、it 允许resume 恢复 imagine 设想postpone延迟，延期risk 冒险精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 31 页17 involve 卷入，包含practise 实行，实践suggest 建议 hate 讨厌prevent 阻止save 营救，储蓄keep 保持quit 放弃停止stand 坚持，忍受loathe 非常讨厌，厌恶recall 回想例如： I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ag
83、o 后面只能接动名词（即v-ing 形式）的动词归纳起来，并总结了下面的顺口溜，以期给在学习英语中的莘莘学子带来一点帮助！考虑建议盼原谅承认推迟没得想避免错过继续练否认完成就欣赏禁止想象才冒险不禁介意准逃亡难以忍受始反对想要成功坚持忙习惯放弃有困难导致专心防道歉解析：第一句包含的动词有：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon, 第二节包含的动词有：admit, delay/put off, fancy（想像，想要）, 第三句包含的动词有：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, 第四句句包
84、含的动词有：deny （否认，拒绝）, finish, enjoy/appreciate, 第五句包含的动词有：forbid, imagine, risk 第六句包含的动词有：cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape. 第七句包含的动词有：cant stand( 难以忍受），set about 开始，着手，object to （反对） , 第八句包含动词有：feel like （想要），succeed in ( 成功 )， stick to( 坚持 ) ，insist on （坚持，强调，坚决要求），be busy (in) （忙于做某事）第九句包含的动词有：
85、be used/accustomed to(习惯于 )， give up （放弃） , have difficulty/trouble (in), （做某事有困难）第十句包含的动词有：lead to（导致） , devote to（将 奉献给；把 专用于）, prevent from （ 预防，防止） ，apologize for （为 道歉） , , 【基础练习】(一)选择最佳答案1. Dont forget _ the letter. A. to send B. send C. sending D. being sent 2. The chair looks very old, but i
86、n fact it is very comfortable to _. A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on 3. Is _ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this B. that C. it D. which 4. Im afraid they would not allow him _ here. A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke 5. Mother told me _ the water before I drank it. A. boilin
87、g B. boiled C. boil D. to boil 6. On my way home, I stopped _ some food. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 31 页18 7. Li Yang advised me _ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking 8. H
88、e _ two million yuan _a vase at the auction. A. spent, buy B. cost, buying C. paid, buy D. spent, buying 9. The first thing I want to do is _. A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him 10. John was made _ the car for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be
89、 washing 11. _ is one thing, _ is quite another. A. To say, to do B. Say, do C. Said, did D. To say, do 12. Ill try _ the same mistakes again.A. to not make B. not make C. not to make D. not making 13. Its too hard _ it by himself. A. not to do B. to do C. that I do D. doing 14. Its time for sports.
90、 Lets _bowling, shall we?A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 15. Mr Zhou, youd better_ too much sugar. You are already overweight, said the doctor.A. not to eat B. to eat C. not eat D. eat 答案： 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.A 12.C13.B 14.A 15.C（二）用动词的适当形式填空：1If you keep _(fight) with him, y
91、ou may hurt yourself. 2The students are busy _(prepare) for the coming exam. 3His duty is _(save) the sick people. 4 I have nothing _ (send) you. 5 They were made _ (work) ten hours a day. 6 No one knows what _ (do) next. 答案：1.fighting 2.preparing 3. to save 4. to send 5. to work 6. to do 【提高题】I. 选择
92、题。1. The doctor came_ our eyes. A. to examine B. for examining C. as to examine D. examining 2. Our teacher always makes us _ hard. A. to work B. work C. working D. worked 3. _ our classroom once a week is necessary A. Cleaning B. Clean C. Cleaned D. To clean 4. _ is our duty _ good service to custo
93、mers 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 31 页19 A. That, to give B. This, giving C. It, to give D. It, giving 5. It took years_ the highrise. A. for our building B. for us in building C. to build D. building 6. Their wish is _ a house of their own. A. to have B. for having C. have
94、D. of having 7. The teacher agreed _ us_ the test papers home. A. to let, take B. to let, to take C. letting, take D. let, take 8. When he saw I was in a hurry, he offered _ me his bicycle. A. lending B. lent C. to lend D. in lending 9. I dont like_ people _about their neighbours. A. hear, talking B
95、. to hear, talking C. to hear, to talk D. hearing, talked 10. I havent decided _ A. to take which train B. which to take a train C. which train to take D. which train taken 11. You must remember_ me a phone call as soon as you get there. A. giving B. to give C. gave D. give 12. Professor Brown taugh
96、t his students_ English, and he learned _Chinese from them. A. how to speak, speaking B. how to speak, to speak C. how speaking, speaking D. how speak, to speak 13. Sorry, I forgot_ you that the party wouldnt be held tonight. Thats all right. Mary has told me about it. A. telling B. I told C. told D
97、. to tell 14. I wonder_ him or not. A. if invite B. whether to invite C to invite D. if to invite 15. I hope_ yourself. A. you to manage B. for you to manage C. you managing D. that you can manage 16. Would you like _you the way there? Its kind of you. Thank you. A. me showing B. that I show C. me s
98、how D. me to show 17. The old man said that hed prefer alone in the country rather than live with his son in the city. A. living B. to live C. that he lives D. for him to live 18. I know Alice very well. I have seen her _ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 19. Since nobody
99、told her_, she came to our help. A. what she did B. to do what 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 31 页20 C. what to do D. what she to do 20. My aunt showed me _. A. how to make a dress B. how a dress be made C. how making a dress D. how a dress made 21. After she finished the exer
100、cises in the textbook, she tried_ more exercises_ . A. to find, to do B. finding, to do C. to find, she did D. finding, done 22. The policeman told Smith _after drinking. A. to not drive B. not driving C. not drive D. not to drive 23. Tom kept quiet about his mistake_ lose his job. A. so not as to B
101、. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to 24. Pat should love _ little Jim to the theatre this evening. A. to take B. taking C. that he would take D. for him to take 25. We enjoy _ very much, because it is good for our health. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran 26. The light in the office is st
102、ill on. Oh, I forgot_. A. turn it off B. to turn it off C. that I turned it off D. that I should turn it off 27. They were very tired and stopped_ under a big tree. A. resting B. to rest C. rest D. that they would rest 28. Would you mind me the answer to the problem? Not at all. A. that you tell me
103、B. telling C. to tell D. if telling 29. He promised_ a doctor for my son. A. me to get B. that he got me C. me getting D. me that he got 30. Father told the boy _the dog a few bones after dinner. A. that he gave B. to give C. giving D. gave. 31._that money for his education, his parents worked hard
104、even after their days work. A. For getting B. Get C. So as to get D. In order to get 32. I think you are_ meals yourself. A. enough old to cook B. old enough to cook C. old enough for cooking D. enough old cooking 33. The maths problem is_ difficult_. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2
105、0 页，共 31 页21 A. so, as to work out B. very , to work out C. too, to work out D. quite, worked out 34. Last night I was so tired that I fell asleep soon. I didnt hear him in. A. coming B. came C. to come D. come 35. Have you anything important_ us? A. to tell B. telling C. told us D. you tell 36. Do
106、you know about Captain Ed Mitchell? 202 Yes. He was the sixth man _ on the moon. A. walking B. walked C. to walk D. of walking 37. It is nice her so. A. for, to say B. for, saying C. of, to say D. of, said 38. Isnt it a nice way _the hard problem? A. to solve B. in solving C. solve D. solving 39. Yo
107、ud better_ her about her own health now. A. not to tell B. not tell C. to not tell D. to tell not 40. What a coincidence! Dr Brown happened the doctor I was looking for. A. he was B. being C. to be D. to being II. 填空题。1. Factories do not let out dirty water_ (为了不污染河流). 2. Her job is _. (照顾医院里患病的孩子)
108、3. In the supermarket the college students learned_. (如何为顾客服务) 4. There were so many toys that Judy didnt know_. (挑选哪一个 ). 5. The only trouble is_. (如何保护这些电脑) 6. He will save money _.(为了支付将来的大学费用) 7. The nurse . ( 不允许孩子们玩火柴) 8. This medicine will_.(帮你入睡 ) 9. They will be sent_(到非洲当医疗队员). 10. The boy
109、 asked his teacher_.(让他自己修理冰箱) 11. The question is_. (是否让孩子们自己解决这个问题). 12. This telephone is_. (足够小可以放进口袋) 13. This book will tell you _. (如何使这台电脑储存信息) 14. I _. （没有回答试卷上的最后一个问题）15. It is not easy _. (一个人戒烟 ) 16. You can take a taxi there_ _. (而不是步行去 ) 17. The underground train is _. (足够快可在20 分钟内从我们学
110、校行驶到体育场). 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页，共 31 页22 18. The lecture hall is _.（太小容纳不下500 个学生）19. Julia hurried to school_. (没有吃早餐 ). 20. I told the students_. （不要将罐头和饮料瓶扔进河里）21. Thomas _. (有许多问题要问老师) 22. Do you know the saying “_. ” （活到老学到老）Jack saw _. (牛跑回来 ) 24. Athens ran all t
111、he way_(把好消息告诉他的人民). 25. He was the first man _. (骑骑自行车做环球旅行) 26. They enjoy_. (爬山和野营) 27. As soon as the teacher entered, he asked_(我们停止讲话). 28. _ (在一个半小时内做完这份试卷) is almost impossible. 29. We were happy_. (看到他们回到营地) 30. Would you mind _.？(我在你办公室打电话) 答案：I . 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. C 9.
112、 B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. D 17. B 18. A19. C 20. A 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C II. 1. so as not to pollute the rivers 2. to take care of the sick children in the hospital 3. how to serve cust
113、omers 4. which to choose 5. how to protect these computers 6. so as to pay the college expenses in the future 7. didnt allow the children to play with matches 8. help you to go to sleep 9. to work in Africa as members of a medical team 10. to let him repair the fridge himself 11. whether or not to l
114、et the children solve the problem themselves 12. small enough to fit into a pocket 13. how to make this computer store information 14. failed to answer the last question in the test paper 15. for one to give up smoking 16. instead of walking 17. fast enough to move from our school to the stadium in
115、twenty minutes 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 22 页，共 31 页23 18. too small to hold five hundred students 19. without having breakfast 20. not to throw the cans and drinks bottles into the river 21. had many questions to ask his teacher 22. One is never too old to leam 23. the bull run
116、 back 24. to tell his people the good news 25. to travel around the world on his bicycle 26. climbing mountains and going on a camping trip 27. us to stop talking 28. To finish doing the test paper in one and a half hours 29. to see them return to the campsite 30. my making a telephone call in your
117、office 中考真题：2001-2010上海中考真题1. Wed better _off our mobile phones. The meeting will start in a minute. (2007) A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned 2. Its time for sports. Lets _ bowling, shall we? (2006) A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 3. Tom likes cars. He enjoys _model cars of all kinds. (2005) A
118、. collects B. collecting C. to collect D. collected 4. The heavy snowstorm made the mountain climbers_ halfway. (2005) A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stopped 5. Internet bars mustnt let people under 18 in or let anybody _bad things. (2004) A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watches 6. Mr Zhu, yo
119、ud better _too much meat. You are already over weight, said die doctor. A. not to eat B. to eat C. not eat D. eat (2003) 7. Dont always make Michael _this or that. He is already a big boy, dear, Mr Bush said to his wife. （2003 ）A. do B. to do C. does D. did 8. If the launch（发射 ) in 2005 is successfu
120、l, China will be the third country _its astronauts into space after Russia and the US. (2002) A. send B. sends C. sending D. to send 9. Yesterday morning I got up early_ be late for the exam. (2002) A. in order to B. in order to not C. so as not to D. so as to 10. The greedy inn-keeper once made the
121、 poor hero _twice a day. (2001) A. dance B. dances C. danced D. to dance 11. Our headmaster asked us_ a report on how to protect wild animals. (08) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 23 页，共 31 页24 A) write B) writing C) to write D) wrote 12、The woman feels that she should let her son _hi
122、s own decision this time. （09）A)makes B)make C)to make D)making 13、Susan finally became a popular singer after he practiced _for years. （ 09）A)sing B)to sing C)singing D)sang 14、Richard turned off the computer after he had finished _ the email.（10）A) write B) to write C) writing D) wrote 15. Before
123、going to the History Museum, our teacher told us _ the public rules. （10）A) obey B) to obey C) obeying D) obeyed 答案：1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A 11. C 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B 2007 -2003年全国各省市1. What about playing football this afternoon, Sam? I would rather _at home than _football. Its too h
124、ot outside. (2007 南京 ) A. stay; playing B. stay; play C. to stay; to play D. to stay; playing 2. Bob, may I _your MP4? （2007 福州）Sure. But youd better not _it to others. A. lend; lend B. lend; borrow C. borrow; borrow D. borrow; lend 3. There goes the bell. （2007 福州）Its time for class. Lets stop _. A
125、. talk B. to talk C. talking D. not talk 4. Alice asked me_ another bag for her. (2007 北京 ) A. get B. got C. to get D. getting 5. Would you mind _ my pet dog when I am out? Sorry, I cant. I have to study for my test this week. （2007 重庆）A. take care of B. taking care of C. to take care of D. taking c
126、are 6. Why not _music club? (2007 重庆 ) Im sorry. I cant sing or dance. A. to join B. join C. joining D. to join in 7. Linda, I am very thirsty. Lets go to the nearest supermarket_ some drink，OK？A. buy B. bought C. to buy D. buying (2007 重庆 ) 8. The new term is coming. The students are busy_ the clas
127、srooms. A. clean B. cleans C. to clean D. cleaning (2006 北京 ) 9. How do you know that she likes singing? I often hear her _after class. A. to sing B. sang C. sing D. sings (2006 南通 ) 10. You are so busy. What do you want me _for you? (2006 重庆 ) A. do B. done C. to do D. doing 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -
128、- 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 24 页，共 31 页25 11. Our teacher always tell us_ more English in and out of class. （ 2006 重庆）A. speak B. spoken C. to speak D. speaking 12. When I _the farm, the children had finished _the apple. (2006 连云港 ) A. reached; picking B. got; picking C. came; picked D. arrived in; to p
129、ick 13. Colours can change our moods and make us _ happy or sad, energetic or sleepy. A. to feel B. feeling C. felt D. feel (2006 南京 ) 14. Mr Green kept on _the players_ team work. A. asking; to remember B. asking; remembering C. to ask; remembering D. to ask; to remember (2005 无锡 ) 15. All of them
130、think Peter is easy to _ A. get on well with B. get on well C. get on well with him D. getting on well with 16. My grandfather wants_ around the world because he enjoys _ new places. A. travelling; seeing B. to travel; to see C. to travel; seeing D. traveling; to see (2005 广东 ) 17. You forgot _the d
131、oor. Oh, _. Ill go and close it (2005 烟台 ) A. closing; so I did B. to close; so I did C. closing; nor did I D. to close; neither did I 18. I dont feel like _now. I prefer to have a walk after supper. (2004 厦门 ) A. walk B. walking C. to walk D. walks 19. We often hear teenagers _pop songs instead of
132、Peking Opera. （2004 湖州）A. sing B. sang C. to sing D. sung 20. They preferred _in bed rather than _ horses. （2004 黑龙江）A. to lie: to ride B. lying; riding C. to lie: ride D. lying: ride 21. My grandparents live in a village nearby. I usually go _them once a week. A. sees B. seeing C. saw D. to see （20
133、04 桂林）22.How can I improve my spoken English? （ 2003 扬州）You have to practice _as much as you can. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 23. After the P . E. class, the teacher offered us something_. (2003 扬州 ) A. drink B. drinking C. drunk D. to drink 24. Would you mind _me how _English words?
134、（2003 昆明）A. tell; to remember B. telling; remember C. telling; to remember D. tell; remember 25. Do you want to eat something? _, thanks. I am feeling sick now. I dont feel like_. （ 2003 昆明）A. Yes; eating something B. No; to eat anything C. Yes; to eat anything D. No; eating anything 精选学习资料 - - - -
135、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 25 页，共 31 页26 26. He used to _very late, but now he is used to _ early. （2003 潍坊）A. get up; getting up B. get up; get up C. getting up; get up D. getting up; getting up 27. It was very late. She stopped the children from _ TV. （2003 潍坊）A. watches B. to watch C. watche
136、d D. watching 28. Youd better _in the meeting room. （2003 兰州）A. to smoke B. smoking C. not smoke D. not to smoke 答案： 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.D 26.A 27.D 28.C 三、只用 -ing 做宾语的动词或动词短语固定结构：1. allow doing (区别： allow
137、sb. to do sth.) 2. keep doing 3. keep /carry on doing 4. keep sb. doing 5. enjoy doing (He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.) 6. finish doing 7. be afraid of doing 8. be worth doing (This piece of music is worth listening to.) 9. be busy doing (They are busy getting ready for the New Years Ev
138、e.) 10. be/get/become used to doing （We are used to living in the countryside. ）11. dislike doing (She dislikes doing housework.) 12. how about doing/what about doing 13. spend some time (in)doing 14. spend some money (in) buying 15. feel like doing 16. stop/keep/prevent from doing 17. thank you for
139、 doing 18. thanks for doing 19. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 20. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 21. mind doing 22. prefer doing to doing 23. practise (practice) doing (He practices speaking English every day.) 24. can t help doing 25. have fun/difficulty/trouble/pr
140、oblem doing sth. 26. waste time/money doing 27. instead of doing 28. miss doing 29. look forward to doing期望（渴望）做某事(Im looking forward to getting your letter.) 30. leave sb./sth. doing (His parents leave his staying at home on weekend.) 2011 中考英语非谓语动词总结一接动词不定式（ to do/ do sth ）1. like to do sth 2.like
141、 sb. to do sth. 3. Lets (not ) do sth 4. want to do sth 5.want sb to do sth 6.love to do sth 7.ask sb (not ) to do sth 8.stop to do sth 9.tell sb (not ) to do sth 10.watch sb do sth 11.Its time (for sb) to do sth 12.help sb (to ) do sth 13.help do sth 14.make sb do sth 15.decide (not ) to do sth 16.
142、find it +adj + to do sth 17.have to do sth 18.try (not ) to do sth 19.try ones best to do sth 20.Its +adj +(for)of +sb + to do sth 21.plan to do sth 22.S.p.+be a good place to do sth 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 26 页，共 31 页27 23.It takes sb +some time + to do sth 24.send sb to do s
143、th 25.invite sb to do sth 26.forget to do sth 27.live to be +时间28.be able to do sth 29.have sth to do 30.seem to do sth 31.get sb /sth to do sth 32. 疑问词 + to do sth 33.need sth to do sth 34.use sth to do sth 35.follow sb to sth 36.need to do sth 37.a good time to do sth 38.the best time to do sth 39
144、.the best way to do sth 40.be the first / last one to do sth 41.would like to do sth 42.be excited /surprised to do sth 43.be useful to do sth 44.be allowed to do sth 45.allow sb to do sth 46.Its better to do sth 47.Its best to do sth 48.take care (not) to do sth 49.see sb do sth 50.why not do sth ?
145、51.have enough time to do sth 52.too to do sth 53.not enough to do sth 54.encourage sb to do sth 55.choose to sth 56.wait to do sth 57.be happy/glad/pleased to do sth 58.make it +adj + to do sth 59.be careful to do sth 60.be afraid to do sth 61.Its our duty to do sth 62.used to do sth 63.cant afford
146、 to do sth 64.make a decision to do sth 65.have an opportunity to do sth 66.wait for sb to do sth 67.would do sth rather than do sth 68.would rather do sth than do sth 69.hurry to do sth 70.refuse to do sth 71.agree to do sth 72.pretend to do sth 73.pretend to be doing sth 74.prefer to do sth 75.pre
147、fer not to do sth 76.prefer to do sth raher than do sth 77.be willing to do sth 78.volunteer + 时间 / 钱 + to do sth 79.volunteer to do sth 80.offer to do sth 81.rush to do sth 82.in order (not ) to do sth 83.be certain to do sth 84.be sure to do sth 85.make plans to do sth 86.go out of their way to do
148、 sth 87.lead sb to do sth 88.Its ones job to do sth 89.Its ones turn to do sth 90.urge sb to do sth 91.Could /Would you please (not) do sth ? 92.be supposed to do sth 93.warn sb to do sth 二、接动名词（doing sth ）1.like doing sth 2.enjoy doing sth 3.have fun doing sth 4.be interested in doing sth 5.Thanks
149、for doing sth 6.look at sb doing sth 7.stop sb doing sth 8.stop sb from doing sth 9.go + v-ing 10.do the (some )+v-ing 11.What/How doing sth ? 12.practice doing sth 13.watch sb doing sth 14.find sb doing sth 15.mind (ones ) doing sth 16.cant stand doing sth 17.think about doing sth 18.spend (in)doin
150、g sth 19.finish doing sth 20.be busy doing sth 21.keep doing sth 22.keep sb from doing sth 23.keep sb doing sth 24.be good at doing sth 25.hate doing sth 26.There be +名词 +doing sth 27.make a living by doing sth 28.have a difficult time doing sth 29.feel like doing sth 30.allow doing sth 31.see sb do
151、ing sth 32.by doing sth 33.end up doing sth 34.do a survey about doing sth 35.be afraid of doing sth 36.be used to doing sth 37.be terrified of doing sth 38.give up doing sth 39.instead of doing sth 40.have nothing against doing sth 41.be serious about doing sth 42.have a chance of doing sth 43.befo
152、re/ when /while +doing sth 44.start doing sth 45.have a lot of experience doing sth 46.prefer doing sth 47.consider doing sth 48.dream of / about doing sth 49.continue doing sth 50.put off doing sth 51.be used for doing sth =be used to do sth 52.prefer doing sth to doing sth 53.without doing sth 54.
153、be comfortable doing sth 55.cant stop/help doing sth 56.look forward to doing sth 57.be against doing sth 58.have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 59.suggest doing sth 60.be busy doing sth 61.be worth doing sth 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 27 页，共 31 页28 基本型用非谓语动词的适当形式填空：1
154、. The best time _ (plant) trees is in spring. 2. Satellites are used for _ (learn) more about the earth. 3. He finishes _ (wash) at eight oclock in the evening.4. You ve worked for 4 hours. Please stop _ (have) a rest. 5. She often makes us _(do) a lot of homework after school. 6. Mother always tell
155、 me _ (not read) in bed. 7. They asked the headmaster _(speak) at the meeting. 8. _ (smoke) too much is bad for your health. 9. The baby was made _ (laugh) by Tom. 10. Thank you for _ (come) to see me. 答案： 1. to plant 2. learning 3. washing 4. to have 5. do 6.not to read 7. to speak 8. smoking 9. to
156、 laugh 10. coming 用非谓语动词完成下列各句：11.I want _ (看 ) a film, _ (而不是看 ) TV. 12.Did you see her _ (下了还是上了 ) the bus? 13.I m thirsty. Id like something _ (喝). 14.Its very important _ (学 ) a foreign language well. 15.The old man found it difficult _ (入睡 ). 16.The runner fell, but he quickly got up and went o
157、n _ (跑 ). 17.Remember _ (关) the lights when you leave the classroom. 18.Stop _ (谈话 ), please. Its time _( 上课 ). 19.It took me two hours _ (完成 ) my homework last night. 20.I spent two hours _(做) my homework last night. 答案： 11.to see ; but not watch 12.get on/get off 13.to drink 14. to learn 15. to sl
158、eep 16.running 17.to turn off 18. talking; to have class 19.to finish 20. doing 提高型1. I have a lot of things _ this weekend. A. do B. did C. doing D. to do 2. You d better _ upstairs and tell the children_ make so much noise. A. go; not to B. go; dont C. to go; not to D. to go; dont3. Lily likes _ t
159、he clothes of light colour. A. to put on B. putting C. to dress D. wearing 4. Its too late. Why _ now?A. not to go B. not going C. not go D. don t go精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 28 页，共 31 页29 5. Please dont forget _ to me, will you?A. to write B. writing C. write 6. When Im tired,
160、I enjoy _ music.A. listening B. listening to C. to hear D. hearing the 7. Linda was very sorry for being late. But the teachers smile made her _ better. A. feel B. to feel C. fall D. to fall 8. I heard Mother _ with Father in the next room at ten last night. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. is talki
161、ng 9. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from _ the earth away. A. blow B. to blow C. blowing D. blew 10. Did the teacher tell you _ this afternoon? -Yes. We ll go to visit the Science Museum.A. to go where B. how to do C. what to do D. to do what 11. We are not sure _. A. when to leave B. when
162、 leave C. when leaves 12. Meimei went_ Kate with her Chinese. A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping 13. _ is bad for our health. A. Doing eye exercises B. Go to bed early C. Eating too much D. Taking a walk 14. Wu Dong is good at _ English. A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. spoke 15. The old woman
163、 was _ tired _ go any farther. A. too; to B. go; as C. very; to 16. Would you please _ drop your shoes on the floor at night? A. not to B. not C. don t D. won t17. Most of the children enjoy _ computer games. A. play B. playing C. played D. to play 18. She should do her homework now. But she doesnt
164、feel like _ it. A. does B. do C. doing D. to do 19. Uncle Wang can make his kite _ higher in the sky. A. fly B. flies C. to fly D. flying 20. You d better _ the cinema by bus.A. don t go B. to go C. to go to D. go to答案： 1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.C
165、 19.A 20.D 综合型1. Her wish is _ a famous singer. A. become B. became C. becomes D. to become 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 29 页，共 31 页30 2. Our monitor is always ready _ others. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping 3. Have you decided _ for your holidays? A. go where B. where to go
166、 C. to go where D. where go 4. Would you please _ me a chair _? A. give; to sit on B. give; to sit C. giving; sit D. to give; sit on 5. There id no difference between the two words. I really dont know _.A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what 6. Though he had often
167、made his sister _, today he was made _ by his sister. A. cry; crying B. crying; crying C. cry; to cry D. to cry; cry 7.Why are you going shopping if you dont _?-My wife wants _ with her. A. want to; I go B. want; me going C. want to; me to go D. want; to go 8. We are often told _ people in trouble.
168、A. to smiling B. not to smile C. to laugh D. not to laugh at 9. You look so tired. Why not _ a rest? A. stop having B. to stop have C. stop to have D. to stop to have 10. What a fine day! How about _ out for a walk? A. go B. to go C. gone D. going 11. Mary went _ after she finished _ her work. A. sw
169、im; doing B. to swim; to do C. to swim; doing D. swimming; to do 12. Would you mind _ the window, please? Its cold outside.A. to close B. closing C. closed D. close 13. A fridge is used for _ vegetables and food cool. A. kept B. keeping C. to keep D. keeps 14. The farmers on the farm are busy _ appl
170、es on the trees. A. picking B. to pick C. pick D. picked 15. One day when Edison was five years old, his father saw him _ some eggs. A. sat B. to sit C. sitting D. was sitting 16. She has no paper _ . A. to write B. to write with C. writing on D. to write on 17. When class began, we stopped _ to the
171、 teacher carefully. A. listening B. listen C. listens D. to listen 18. There are so many kinds of radios in the shop. I cant decide _A. to buy what B. to buy which C. what to buy D. which to buy 19. Do you often hear John _ in his room? -Listen! Now we can hear him _ in his room. A. sing; to sing B.
172、 singing; singing C. sing; singing D. to sing; singing 20. I usually forget _ the door, but I remembered _ it when I left yesterday. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 30 页，共 31 页31 A. closing; closing B. to close; to close C. closing; to close D. to close; closing 21. On June 1, boys an
173、d girls are busy _. A. to celebrate Childrens Day B. to celebrate Childrens DayC. celebrating Childrens Day D. celebrating Childrens Day22. You can get such information on computer.（2006 湖北荆州）But I dont know how the Internet. A. search B. searching C. searched D. to search 答案：1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7. C 8.D 9.C 10.D 11. C 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.C 20.D 21.C 22.D 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 31 页，共 31 页
