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1、单元语法归纳单元语法归纳 祈使句主要用来表达请求、命令、建议、叮嘱或祝愿等。祈使句通祈使句主要用来表达请求、命令、建议、叮嘱或祝愿等。祈使句通常省略主语常省略主语(you),(you),但为了加强语气有时可以加上主语但为了加强语气有时可以加上主语youyou或增加称呼。或增加称呼。1.1.行为动词开头的祈使句。行为动词开头的祈使句。Sit down.Sit down.坐下吧坐下吧! !2.Be2.Be开头的祈使句开头的祈使句, ,后常加形容词。后常加形容词。 Be careful! Be careful! 留神留神! !3.Let.3.Let.开头的祈使句。开头的祈使句。 Let me car
2、ry the box for you. Let me carry the box for you. 让我替你拿这个箱子吧让我替你拿这个箱子吧! ! Lets+ Lets+动词原形表建议动词原形表建议, ,让我们让我们 Lets go fishing this Sunday. Lets go fishing this Sunday. 让我们这个周日去钓鱼。让我们这个周日去钓鱼。 Lets=Let us, Lets=Let us,但不同语境有不同的含义。但不同语境有不同的含义。 Lets“ Lets“请让我们请让我们( (咱们咱们), ,包括谈话的对方。包括谈话的对方。 Let us Let us
3、意为意为“请让我们请让我们, ,表示希望得到对方允许表示希望得到对方允许, ,不包括对方。不包括对方。4.4.祈使句的否认式。祈使句的否认式。 行为动词和行为动词和BeBe开头的祈使句开头的祈使句, ,在句首加在句首加dontdont。Dont be late for Dont be late for school. school.上学别迟到。上学别迟到。 Lets Lets 的否认式可以有两种的否认式可以有两种:Lets not+:Lets not+动词原形或动词原形或Dont lets+Dont lets+ 动词原形。动词原形。 Lets not think about it. Lets
4、not think about it.我们别想这事了。我们别想这事了。 Dont lets think about it. Dont lets think about it.5.5.祈使句的反意疑问句。祈使句的反意疑问句。 以行为动词或系词以行为动词或系词bebe或或keepkeep开头的祈使句开头的祈使句, ,如果是肯定形式如果是肯定形式, ,后加后加will will you you或或wont youwont you构成。构成。 Listen to me carefully, will you(wont you)? Listen to me carefully, will you(won
5、t you)? 如果祈使句是否认形式如果祈使句是否认形式, ,常用常用will youwill you。 Dont speak so fast, will you? Dont speak so fast, will you?别说那么快别说那么快, ,好吗好吗? ? Lets Lets构成的祈使句构成的祈使句, ,包括谈话双方包括谈话双方, ,用用shall weshall we。 Lets go for a walk, shall we? Lets go for a walk, shall we? 让我们出去散步让我们出去散步, ,好吗好吗? ? Let us Let us构成的祈使句构成的祈
6、使句, ,不包括对方不包括对方, ,请求对方允许请求对方允许, ,用用will youwill you。 Let us go there now, will you? Let us go there now, will you? 让我们去那儿吧让我们去那儿吧, ,好吗好吗? ?注注: (1): (1)祈使句中常加祈使句中常加dodo或或alwaysalways来加强肯定的语气来加强肯定的语气, ,用用nevernever来加强否认来加强否认 的语气。的语气。Do be quiet a moment.Do be quiet a moment.务请安静一会儿。务请安静一会儿。Always reme
7、mber all your father has said, and be a good boy.Always remember all your father has said, and be a good boy.要永远记住你爸爸的话要永远记住你爸爸的话, ,做一个好孩子。做一个好孩子。Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦不来找你麻烦不来找你, ,千万别去找麻烦。千万别去找麻烦。(2)(2)祈使句中常加上祈使句中常加上please,
8、please,表示礼貌表示礼貌, ,更客气。更客气。pleaseplease可以放句首可以放句首, ,也可以也可以放句尾。放句末时要用逗号分开。放句尾。放句末时要用逗号分开。Please open the door.=Open the Please open the door.=Open the door, please.door, please.一、填词完成反意疑问句一、填词完成反意疑问句1.Let us do the jobs by ourselves, 1.Let us do the jobs by ourselves, ?2.Do the homework by yourselves,
9、 2.Do the homework by yourselves, ?3.Lets enter the hall,3.Lets enter the hall, ?4.Dont talk too much,4.Dont talk too much, ?5.No smoking,5.No smoking, ?will youwill youwont you/will youwont you/will youshall weshall wewill youwill youwill youwill you二、单项选择二、单项选择( )6.“( )6.“ run in the hallways,Mike
10、. run in the hallways,Mike.“Sorry,Ms.Clark.“Sorry,Ms.Clark.(2021(2021贵阳贵阳) ) A.Dont A.Dont B.Please B.Please C.Lets C.Lets( )7.Please help me carry it, ( )7.Please help me carry it, ? ? A.will I A.will I B.will you C.shall I B.will you C.shall ID.shall weD.shall we( )8.Dont make so much noise, ( )8.
11、Dont make so much noise, ? ? A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.do you A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.do you( )9.Kate, ( )9.Kate, your homework here tomorrow. your homework here tomorrow. A.bring A.bring B.brings C.to bring B.brings C.to bringD.bringingD.bringing( )10.Im leaving for Xisai Mounta
12、in this afternoon.( )10.Im leaving for Xisai Mountain this afternoon. you have packed everything. (2021 you have packed everything. (2021黄石黄石) ) A.To be sure A.To be sureB.Been sure C.Being sureB.Been sure C.Being sure D.Be sure D.Be sureA AB BA AA AD D1.She can write as 1.She can write as as her si
13、ster. as her sister. 她能写的和她妹妹一样认真。她能写的和她妹妹一样认真。2.Neither I nor my sister 2.Neither I nor my sister (study)at night. (study)at night. 我姐姐和我晚上都不学习。我姐姐和我晚上都不学习。( )3.This morning I went to work in a hurry that I ( )3.This morning I went to work in a hurry that I the the bag at home. bag at home. A.forgo
14、t A.forgot B.left B.left C.missed C.missedD.lostD.lost【教师备用】【教师备用】 carefullycarefullystudiesstudiesB B易错提醒易错提醒: : 1.as.as 1.as.as中间加形容词或副词的原级中间加形容词或副词的原级, ,本句是修饰本句是修饰write,write,因此用因此用carefully,carefully,不能用不能用carefulcareful。 2.neither.nor 2.neither.nor意为意为“既不既不也不也不, ,连接主语时连接主语时, ,谓语动词要遵循谓语动词要遵循就近原那么。最近的主语是就近原那么。最近的主语是my sister,my sister,因此动词用第三人称单数形式。因此动词用第三人称单数形式。 3.leave 3.leave意为意为“遗留遗留, ,落在落在,forget,forget意为意为“忘记。忘记。“把某物落在某地把某物落在某地应该用应该用leaveleave。
