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1、精品资料欢迎下载专题 动词的时态：主讲现在完成时一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况或是客观存在。时间状语： often,usually,always,sometimes,every week(day,year,month), once a week,on Sundays, 基本结构：主 +be 动词 am/is/are+表语I am a boy He is a boy You are a boy 主 +动词原形或三单+宾语I like swimming He likes swimming You like swimming 需要你注意的是无论何时何地，第三人称单数
2、做主语，动词要变化（三+单）练习：语法概念：主语是第一人称单数，动词_（要 /不要）变化语法概主语是第二人称单数，动词_（要 /不要）变化语法概念： 主语是第三人称单数，动词_（要 /不要）变化语法概念： 主语是第一人称复数，动词_（要 /不要）变化语法概念： 主语是第三人称复数，动词_（要 /不要）变化用 go 的适当形式填空I usually _ to school by bus. We usually _ to school by bus. You usually _ to school by bus. He usually _ to school by bus. They usuall
3、y _ to school by bus. Does he usually _ to school by bus? 二、一般过去时精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语： ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month.), in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,
4、基本结构：主 +be 过去式 was/were+表I was a student 10 years ago You were a student 10 years ago 主 +行为动词过去式+宾语I played computer games yesterday I did my homework just now 动词的过去式一定要记全，这是基本练习：写出下列动词的过去式build_ choose_ bring_ buy_ feel_ hear_ sleep_ keep_ think_ leave_ throw_ put_ 1. Paul ant I tennis yesterday. H
5、e did much better than I. A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing 2. What did you_for dinner last night. A. eats B. eating C. eat D. ate 3. He fell down and_ injured yesterday. A. get B. got C. gets D. getting 4. I_ and told my mother that I _ by somebody. A. cry; hit B. cried; was hit C. crie
6、s; was hit D. cried; hit 三、现在进行时概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语： now,at this time,these days, 其他提示词： look, listen 基本结构：主+be（am/is/are） +ving 宾语I am doing my homework. They are doing their homework 注意某些动词要去e （大部分e 不发音）某些动词要双写最后的字母（重读闭音节+辅元辅）练习：语法概念：用be 的正确形式填空精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -
7、第 2 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载I_ He_ She_ You_ They_ We_ Boy_ Boys_ 1. Jack is_ with Jim .They are good_. A. running friend; B. running; friends; C. running friends D. run; friends 2. The children are_ TV . A. watch B. seeing C. watching D. reading 3. Look, the boy_(run)fast 4. What are you doing? -I_(do) my
8、homework. 5. _ he doing his homework now? 6. the students; prepare for; an English test; now; (.) _ 7. 我在看电视呢， 没时间， 一边儿去。 _ 四、一般将来时概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow 基本结构：主 +be going to + do+ 宾语I am going to do my homework 主 +wil
9、l+ do+ 宾语I will do my homework 注意不要看到be going就以为是现在进行时；不存在will be going to 这种说法练习：1. Where are you going this Sunday? _ A. I go to the park. B. I will go to the park. C. I going to the park D. I will be going to the park 2. 明天我要去北京。_ 3. I; go; America; tomorrow; (.)_ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结
10、- - - - - - -第 3 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载每种时态写出一句疑问句和否定句上面时我们小学就学过的，没学好的自己检讨时态的基本框架时态现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时进行现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时过去将来进行时完成现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来完成时完成进行现在完成进行时过去完成进行时将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时过去将来时概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。He said he would go to Beijing the next day. The report said that the f
11、ilm star would come to Henan next Sunday. 过去进行时概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. At that time she was working in a PLA unit. 将来进行时概念：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。This time n
12、ext day they will be sitting in the cinema. He wont be coming to the party 现在完成时概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。Ive written an article. The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.过去完成时概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。As soon as we got to the station, th
13、e train had left. He said that he had finished the homework. 现在完成进行时： 表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。I have been sitting here for an hour. The children have been watching TV since six oclock. 现在完成时概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。初二上册Unit5 中的英英解释：We use the present
14、perfect tense to talk about things that happened in the past but have a connection to the present in some way. 发生在过去的事情和现在有联系需要与之作出最大区分的一个时态就是过去时精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载过去时 表示过去的一个动作，而且通常含有“过去时，而现在不是的”的含义。比如，我以前是一名学生。 我以前是做翻译的。I was a student. I was a transla
15、tor. 这种用一般过去时表示的就是以前是怎么的，但是现在已经不是了。现在完成时 表示过去的动作持续到现在，以前是这样， 现在还是这样。 还可以表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响。I have had lunch. 我吃过午餐了， 隐含意思现在不饿； I have watered the flowers. 我已经浇过花了，隐含意思你不需要再浇水了。再次对比过去时和完成时所表达的意思I have watered the flowers. 我已经浇过花了。 不用继续浇水了I watered the flowers. 我浇过花了。 只是说明我早上干了啥基本结构肯定句：主 +have 动词过去分词+ 宾语
16、I have finished my homework. 否定句：主 +have 动词过去分词+ 宾语I haven t finished my homework. 疑问句： Have + 主语+动词过去分词+ 宾语Have you finished your homework? 主语是第三人称单数的时候，have 改成 has 动词的过去分词要记全，这是基础，过去分词跟过去式一样重要什么情况下需要用到现在完成时？1. 有明显的提示词与我们之前学过的时态一样，过去时可能会出现yesterday, last；现在进行时可能会出现now, look；将来时可能会出现tomorrow, next ；
17、一般现在时可能会出现usually, often。现在完成时有时也有提示词，如already, yet, ever, never, before,for+时间段 , since+时间点I have already been to Guangzhou three times. 我已经去过广州三次了。I haven t finished my job yet. 我还没做完我的工作呢。I have never seen this kind of bird before. 我从来都没有见过这种鸟。Have you ever visited the Summer Palace? 你参观过颐和园吗。He
18、has been in Beijing for ten years. 他已经在北京呆了10 年了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载Ben has never slept since last night. Ben 自从昨晚就没睡过觉。2. 语境He is not the most famous inventor in the world. However, his invention has changed our lives. I can travel to any places because
19、 I have bought a car. 基础选择题1. I_ a letter from him since he left A didnt receive B havent got Cdidnt have Dhavent heard 2. Youve never seen such a wonderful film before ，_ ？Ahavent you Bhave you Cdo you Ddont you 3. It has been ten years _ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 4.-Who will
20、 go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 5. Have you met Mr. Li _ ？A. just B. ago C.before D.a moment ago 6. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 7. We _
21、Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 8. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice . A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see 9.-_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going 已经完成的动作：过去所做的事情对现在造成一定的影响答案：BBBBC CC
22、BB 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时的难点还未完成的动作：过去所做的事情一直延续到现在1.现在完成时的完成用法 现在完成时的 完成用法 指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。例如：He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。 (动作结束于过去，说明了是现在的情况-灯现在不亮了。) 现在完成时 完成用法 的特点是 动作不延续，即瞬间动词，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语 (如： already，yet，
23、before，recently 等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning month year.，today 等)连用。例如： Have you found your pen yet ？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？2.现在完成时的未完成用法 现在完成时的 未完成用法 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。例如： He has lived here since 1978.自从1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) I have been in
24、the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于5年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。) 此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由 since 或 for 引导 )， 或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语 (如： up to now，so far 到目前为止 )等。例如： I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。注意： 现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词 ，不可用于终止性动词，即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。3.延续性动词和瞬间性动词的概念精选学习资料 - -
25、- - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为 延续性动词 和瞬间性动词 。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如： learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。瞬间性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如 open, close, finish, beg
26、in, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。It rained at eight yesterday morning.( 误) rain 为延续性动词，而at eight 表示 点时间 。上句可改为： It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.( 正 ) I have borrowed the book for 2 months. （误） borrow 是“借” 不能做借这个动作做了2 个月吧I have kept the book for 2months. （正）换成
27、keep 这个动词，保持，借到手了就拿了2 个月-When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago. -Then youve known each other for more than two years. -Thats right. 附加延迟动词与瞬间动词转换表（部分）：注意be的作用很大瞬间动词延续动词瞬间动词延续动词put on wear end be over buy have join be in borrow keep go there be there become be get to/arrive/reach be in die be
28、 dead come back be back move to live in catch a cold have a cold His father has died. die：死亡，这个动作做完就没了，后面不能加延续的时间精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载His father has been dead for three years. be dead：是死的，描述一种状态，持续三年She has joined the Party/League join ：加入，加入之后就不需要继续做加入这个动
29、作了She has been in the Party/ League for two months 在党两个月，一种持续动作She has been a Party/ League member for two months. 是一名成员了，一种持续动作The film has started/begun. start：开始开始之后就进入内容了，动作已经结束The film has been on/ lasted since 5 minutes ago. last：持续电影播放了5 分，持续了5 分1.What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just
30、 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 2. Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 3. I _ the book for more than 3 days. A. lent B. have lent C. have borrowed D. have kept 现在完成时的其中
31、一个常考点have been to 去过以前去过某地，现在已经不在那了，后常接次数have gone to 去了现在到了某地，人还在那里待着have been in 在在某地呆了多长时间，后常接时间段I have been to Beijing ten year ago. I have been to Shanghai twice. My father has gone to London, he is not here. He has gone to America. I have been in Guangzhou for six years. We have been in China
32、for more than a year. 1.-_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going 2. I _ Shanghai for three years 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载A. have been to B. have been in C. have gone to D. have gone in 3. Ben _ Shanghai twic
33、e. A. has been in B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 总结主要考点：1. 考察现在完成时的结构：have/has + 动词的过去分词2. 考察其用法和标志词：already/ever/yet/for+ 时间段 /since+时间点3. 考察延续性动词和瞬间动词。巩固提高一. 用单词的适当形式填空1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father _
34、just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long _ Ben_(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to scho
35、ol on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载14. My mother _ (come
36、) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? 二改写句子1. I have been to Macau before. ( 改为否定句 ) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. ( 就划线部分提问) _ _ he come to school? 3. I bough a new bike just now. ( 用 just 改写 ) I _ just _ a new bike. 4.
37、 We began to learn English three years ago.( 改为同义句 ) We _ _English _three years 5. He has never surfed, _ _? （反意疑问句）6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _ _have they been here? 三.用 since 和 for 填空1._two years 2._two years ago 3._last month 1 have seen was 2 has finished 3 has come 4 has gone
38、5 have worked moved 6 have made 7 has stayed 8 have finished 9 goes 10 have found 11 is 1 have not 2 why hasn t 3 have bought 4 have learned for 5 has he 6 how long 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载4._ 1999 5._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock 7._4 hours 8._an hour ago 9. _we w
39、ere children 10._ lunch time 11._ she left here 12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last. 13. Ive known him _ we were children. 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. 16. Its about ten years _ she left the city. 四、把瞬间动作改为持
40、续动作1. I have borrowed the book two days before. I _ _ for _ _. 2. I put on my glasses three years ago. I _ _ my glasses _ _ _ 3.He has gone to Beijing. He _ _ _ Beijing for two days. 4. My grandpa died in 2002. My grandpa _ _ _for _ _. 1 for 2 since 3 since 4 since 5 since 6 since 7 for 8 since 9 since 10 since 11 since 12 since 13 since 14 for 15 for 16 since 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 14 页精品资料欢迎下载1 have kept two days 2 have worn for three years 3 has been in 4 has been dead 15 years 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 14 页
