2022年牛津初中英语8BUnit1—Unit6知识点归纳

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1、知识点大全牛津初中英语 8B unit1unit6 知识点归纳Unit1 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. the changes to Sunshine Town 阳光镇的变化 the changes to 的变化(p8)知识链接change n. 变化， 常用复数 changes 。e.g. Great changes have taken place since 1995.2. in the southern part of town in the southern part of 在的南部 south southern知识链接 east东部eastern东部的 , west western

2、, north northern3. in the past在过去 at present现在in the future未来；将来，注意这些短语中的介词和冠词。4. turn the place into a park turn into 把变成知识链接 Heat turns water into vapor. 热使水变成蒸气。 Turn this sentence into English.5. play cards and Chinese chess打牌、下象棋， e.g. Its pleasant to play cards and Chinese chess.6. water pollu

3、tion 水污染 air pollution 空气污染， noise pollution 噪音污染(p9)知识链接 Water pollution was a problem before. 7. used to dump its waste i nto water used to do sth过去常做某事，注意否定式、疑问式的形式知识链接 used to do sth 否定式 used not to do sth或 didn t use to do sth疑问式 Did sb use to do sth? 或 Used sb to do sth? There be和 used to合用的形式

4、为 There used to be 。根 据 要 求 进 行句 型转 换： She used to teach history. 否 定式 ：She used 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 42 页知识点大全teach history. 或 She didn t teach history. 疑问式：she teach history? 或 Did she teach history?用法拓展 be used to do sth be used for doing sth被用于做某事， e.g. Stamps are

5、 used to send letters. Stamps are used for sending letters. be/become/get used to sth 习惯于某事， be/become/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事， e.g. My grandma used to live in the city but now she has got used to the country life. Tom is used to getting up early.8. in some ways在某种程度上；在某些方面in this way 以这种方式9. f

6、eel a bit lonely from time to time from time to timeat timessometimes有时；不时地知识链接 a bit形容词原级或比较级 a little形容词原级或比较级，有点a bit of不可数名词 a little不可数名词e.g. a bit of watera little water用法拓展 not a littlevery 非常， not a bitnot a t all 一点也不10. throw away扔掉“ 动词副词 ” 结构， e.g. throw it/them away11. have an interview

7、with sb interview sb 采访某人；对某人面试；与某人面谈(p12)知识链接My parents have had an interview with my teacher. They interviewed 20 people for the job. There are a number of interviews with some famous football players.12. the best model I have ever seen 我曾见过的最好的模型(p17)知识链接 the形容词最高级名词单数sb have/has ever done ，某人曾做过

8、的最的the most wonderful film (that) he has ever watched 他看过的最精彩的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 42 页知识点大全比赛用法拓展 ever通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。e.g. Have/Has sb ever done sth? Nobody ever stepped in this cavern. 没人曾经踏进过这洞穴。ever since自从起到现在 (用于现在完成时 )，for everforever永远；永久地13. move into the new f

9、latsmove into 搬进，move out of搬出 (p18)14. lend me a booklend sb sthlend sth to sb把某物借给某人，是 “ 借出” 。知识链接 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物，是 “ 借入” 。15. a recent photo 一张近期照片， write about the changes to Moonlight Town (p21)16. a tourist attraction 旅游胜地 attraction n. 吸引；向往的地方 attract vt.吸引attractive有吸引力的 It has b

10、ecome a new tourist attraction. Hepburns beauty and charm attracted Colettes attention. 词汇解析1. 常见的交通工具： bike/bicycle, bus, double-decker双层巴士 , coach长途汽车 , tram有轨电车 , taxi, train, underground, light rail 轻轨, plane, hot-air balloon热气球 , aero done滑翔机2. Using a dictionary: The words in a dictionary are

11、in alphabetical order from “A” to “Z”. This helps us find the words we want quickly. If two words starts with the same letter, we look at the second letter to decide the alphabetical order. If the first two letters of two words are the same, we look at the third letter, and so on. e.g. The word “bal

12、l ” comes before the word “banana”.3. centuryone hundred years世纪；百年。 某世纪用序数词。如： 21 世纪 the twenty-first century。“ 在某世纪 ” 用介词 in，如： in the 20th century在 20 世纪。二.【重点句型】精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 42 页知识点大全1. Eddie, have you seen my food? Yes, Ive just eaten it. (p6)2. You ve ch

13、anged, Eddie. You were kind. Now youre not. I dont want to play with you any more.3. You ve changed too. You always wanted to play with me. always 过去式used to do sth4. Coaches have be en in use/service in Beijing since 1958. have been in usehave been used 5. I moved here with my family when I was two

14、 years old and have lived here since then. (p8)6. Have you ever moved house? move house搬家7. We lived till 1965, when I got mar ried. get married结婚get/be married to sb与某人结婚知识链接marry sb 与某人结婚，e.g. She married a football player. marry sb to sb把某人嫁给某人， e.g. He married his daughter to an actor. get/be ma

15、rried to sb和某人结婚，e.g. Yao Ming got married to Ye Li on 6 August, 2007. 表示“ 已经结婚” 用 have/has got married ，表示“ 已经结婚多久 ” 用 have/has been married for 时间段或 since时间点。 e.g. They have got married. They have been married for 5 years.不能说成 They have got married for 5 years.用法拓展 marriage n.婚姻 e.g. They will cel

16、ebrate their fifty years of marriage next month.8. Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? change a lot变化大知识链接 over the years in the last/past years这些年来，这是现在完成时的一个标志。9. There once was a shoe factory. There once was/were Once there was/were 从前有。10. Later, the government realized it was a very

17、 serious problem and took action to reduce the pollution. take action to do sth采取行动做某事， reduce the pollution精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 42 页知识点大全减少污染(p9)知识链接 action (拍摄影视时用语 )开始 动作，e.g. action film 动作片，action star动作明星a very serious problem非常严重的问题 problem(需要着手解决的 )问题；难题，quest

18、ion(需要回答的 )问题 e.g. solve a Maths problem, answer my question11. It is different for him to see some of them as often as before. (p12)知识链接 It isadj.for sb to do sth. as often as before像以前一样经常asas12. Things have changed a lot over the years. Great changes have taken place over the years. 13. When I wa

19、s in primary school, my mother took me to school. take sb to school送某人上学14. I have the same feeling too. Do you sometimes stay after school to chat with friends? (p19)15. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people. (p22)知识链接 bring advant

20、ages to 给带来好处， advantage优点；有利条件disvantage缺点；不利条件cause problems for给带来麻烦Unit2 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. go on a trip to South Hill go on a trip to去某地旅游(p24)2. take you out for a few days带你出去玩几天 take sb out带某人出去3. go hiking, go skiing gov-ing 去做某事， see/enjoy the beautiful view观看/欣赏美景(p25)4. a symbol of Japan the

21、 symbol of的象征， e.g. Red is the symbol of danger. 红精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 42 页知识点大全色是危险的象征。5. have a really fantastic timehave a good/great/wonderful timehave funenjoy oneself (p26)6. at the entrance在入口处 at the exit在出口处7. move at high speed高速运转 at a speed of以的速度， at a sp

22、eed of 100 km an hour8. scream and laugh through the whole ride through从物体的内部穿过9. a fast food restaurant 快餐店 fast food快餐，国际著名快餐店：KFC 肯德基，McDonalds麦当劳10. clap and stream with joy高兴地拍手尖叫介词短语 with joy 相当于副词修饰动词。 (p27)11. watch a three-D film ，watch fireworks, look shiny and beautiful under the firework

23、s12. in all 总共；共计 first of all 首先13. scream with excitement兴奋地尖叫 with excitementexcitedly 激动地；兴奋地 (p28)知识链接 excite excited 兴奋的exciting 令人兴奋的； 扣人心弦的； 刺激的excitement n.激动，兴奋 with excitementexcitedly，be excited about (doing) sth对兴奋14. a really delightful holiday and a meaningful experience一个高兴的假期、 一次有意义

24、的经历知识链接 experience n.(C)经历； e.g. He had a pleasant experience in Hong Kong last year.n.(U)经验 experienced adj.经验丰富的， have experience in (doing) sthbe 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 42 页知识点大全experienced in (doing) sth 在某方面有经验， e.g. He has experience in teaching English.He is expe

25、rienced in teaching English. Dr Ma has much experience in eye operations. Dr Ma is experienced in eye operations. Chow Yun Fat is an experienced actor. He has acted in many action films.15. buy a gift for my parents buy sth for sbbuy sb sth (gift 比 present高雅) (p33)16. travel abroad到国外旅游 go abroad出国，

26、 e.g. He has gone abroad for further studies. (p35)17. during this May Day holiday在“ 五一” 假期里during 是介词，后面不能接句子。18. three and a half hours三个半小时 one/an hour一小时， half an hour 半小时one and a half hours一个半小时， two and a half hours两个半小时(p38)19. have a birds-eye view of Hong Kong have a birds-view of 鸟瞰；俯视20.

27、 a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening 高楼林立、灯火辉煌的现代化城市with lights shining 作后置定语， lights 与 shining 是主动关系。用法拓展 He sleeps with windows closed. 21. the cultural centre of Hong Kong香港的文化中心 the cultural centre文化中心知识链接 culture n.文化cultural adj.文化的 e.g. popular culture 大众文化Venic

28、e is a beautiful city full of culture and history.威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和历史底蕴的美丽城市。用法拓展 nature natural, centrecentral22. a good place to buy things，enjoy that day most, have great fun，a seafood restaurant, desserts and snacks，enjoy our trip to Hong Kong精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 42 页

29、知识点大全词汇解析1. popular tourist attractions(旅游胜地 )：Mount Fuji 富士山， the Great Wall，the Leaning Tower of Pisa比萨斜塔，the Little Mermaid 小美人鱼，the Statue of Liberty自由女神像，the Tower Bridge伦敦塔桥，Big Ben 大本钟，the Grand Palace( 泰国)大王宫，the Pattaya Beach( 泰国)芭堤雅海滩，Ocean Park( 香港)海洋公园，Window of the World(深圳)世界之窗。(p25)2.

30、 Hong Kong Disneyland(香港迪士尼乐园 )的四大主题公园 (theme park)：Main Street USA(美国小镇大街 )，Tomorrowland(明日世界 )，Fantasyland( 幻想世界 )，Adventureland(探险世界 )。3.cheerfulcheerless, colourfulcolourless, carefulcareless, hopefulhopelessmeaningful meaningless, helpfulhelpless, harmfulharmless, usefuluseless delightful, wond

31、erful, successful endless, noiseless quiet二.【重点句型】1. It must be fun. Can I join you?一定很有趣。我能和你一起去吗？(p24)知识链接 情态动词 must(表示推测 )一定，用于肯定句，反义词：cant不可能。 may 可能， may not可能不。 Probably, Perhaps, Maybe都是副词，通常用于句首。join sb 和某人一起做某事， e.g. Kitty joined them in the Disney parade.2. I havent seen you since last mon

32、th. see是瞬间动词(p26)知识链接 瞬间动词与表示一段时间的词同时出现在现在完成时的否定句中，不能变为延续性动词。3. I met many of my favourite Disney characters, such as Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Alice and Cinderella, Mickey Mouse and all his friends were all there too. 4. I couldnt stop taking photos with them. cant/couldnt stop doing sth禁不住做精选学习

33、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 42 页知识点大全某事知识链接 cant/couldnt help doing sth禁不住做某事， cant/couldnt wait to do sth迫不及待做某事。用法拓展 stop doing sth停止做某事， stop to do sth停下来去做某事。5. The performers all wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the park, singing and dan

34、cing all the way. all the way 一路上(p27)知识链接 wave to sb向某人招手 /挥手wave n.波；波浪march across 迈步穿越 singing and dancing all the way是现在分词短语，作伴随状态。6. Im sure you ll love it.你一定会喜欢的。 I m sure that sb will do sth.Sb is sure to do sth.知识链接 I m sure that he will win the match.He is sure to win the match.7. The lin

35、e of people outside Space Mountain was endless. We thought it was hopeless to wait in the line.太空山外人们排的队伍不见尽头。我们原以为排不上队了。(p30)知识链接endless无尽的；无休止的，e.g. endless love We have endless homework to do.wait in the line 排队等候Sb thought that 从句，某人原以为 。8. Im watching an interesting TV programme. It started at

36、7 p.m. and has been on for haf an hour.知识链接 be onbe shown放映 be on show展出, e.g. Many old things are on show in the museum. When we reached the cinema yesterday, the film had been on/shown for 5 minutes.9. She must be happy now, isn t she? She must be happy yesterday, wasnt she ? (p33)知识链接 must 一定，表示推

37、测时，反意疑问句中的附加疑问部分应以时间状语为准。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 42 页知识点大全10. Spring is the best time for visiting Chinese garden. Chinese garden 中国园林(p35)知识链接 the best time for doing sth the best time to do sth做某事的最佳时节e.g.Autumn is the best time for visiting the Fragrant Hill.Autumn is

38、 the best time to visit the Fragrant Hill.11. Do you have any ideas about what to do for May Day holiday? 12. By the way, how long does it take to fly to Singapore? Sorry, I dont know, but I can check it for you. by the way 顺便问一下， check sth for sb替某人核实某事知识链接 It takes sb some time to do sth. How long

39、 does it take sb to do sth?13. The day of our trip to Hong Kong finally arrived. My parents and I were excited about this special trip because we all wanted to visit Disneyland and take photos with the cute cartoon characters. the day of ones trip to某人去某地旅行的那一天(p38)知识链接 be excited about (doing) sth对

40、(做)某事感到兴奋take photos拍照，take photos with 和拍照 cutelovely 可爱的14. The weather in Hong Kong is quite different from that in Beijing.香港的天气与北京不同。知识链接 在 asas, not as/soas, the same as, be different from或形容词、副词的比较等级结构中，当主语为不可数名词时，后者用that代替。当主语是名词复数时，后者用those代替。 e.g. Usually the pollution in big cities is muc

41、h more serious than that in the countries. There are more books in our library than those in theirs.15. I hope I can visit there again some day . I hope that 引导的一般将来时或can从句。知识链接 some dayone day有朝一日； (将来的 )一天。one day 还表示过去精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 42 页知识点大全的“ 某一天 ” 。16. I

42、left a book at Millies home. leave sth地点，把某物忘在某处； forget 忘记某事。知识链接 The forgetful man often leaves his bag on buses. Why weren t you at the meeting? Sorry, I forgot.Unit3 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. I have no idea. I ve no idea.I don t know.我不知道。(p40)2. turn on the TV turn on/off打开/关闭，turn up/down 调大/调低；都是 “ 动词副词

43、 ” 。3. change the channel换台on Channel 在台，e.g. on CCTV-5拓展： the English Channel英吉利海峡4. different uses of computers计算机的不同用途：draw and design, play computer games, search for information, send and receive e-mails收发电子邮件 , do word processing进行文字处理 , write computer programs编写计算机程序(p41)5. travel around the

44、world in eight hours八小时环游地球， educational CD-ROM 教育软件 (p42)6. come out ( 书等)出版， 发行， 发表， 不能用于被动语态，可以转化为 be published。知识链接 When will her new novel come out?When will her new novel be published?用法拓展(太阳、月亮或星星 )出现；露出，e.g. The rained stopped and the sun came out. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -

45、 -第 11 页，共 42 页知识点大全(花朵)开放； (草)出芽， e.g. In March flowers and grass come out.7. learn English and geography at the same time 同时学英语和地理 at the same time 同时知识链接 learn and play at the same time 边学边玩8. the main character主角play the main character ofplay the lead role of知识链接 play the role扮演，the best actor最佳

46、男主角， the best actress 最佳女主角9. have/get itchy feet渴望旅行， e.g. She has gone to Australia she has always had itchy feet.10. help you learn English by testing your knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary (p43)知识链接 by 介词，通过某种方法、 手段，后接名词或动词 -ing。He made a living by selling flowers. You can know more ab

47、out the news by reading todays newspaper.have a knowledge of 有某方面的知识，e.g. He has a wide knowledge of painting.他在绘画方面知识渊博。 Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。11. one of the best on the market 市面上最畅销的一种12. choose one icon in the menu 在菜单里选择一个图标， click on it for more details点击它以了解详情 click on点击，left double-click

48、 on左键双击 13. open my new e-dictionary on my computer打开我电脑上的新电子词典(p48)知识链接 “ 打开” 电脑的软件用 open不用 turn on。 用 法 拓 展 英 汉 词 典an English-Chinese dictionary ， 汉 英 词 典a Chinese-English dictionary查字典： look up a word in a dictionary 或 look a word up in a dictionary精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1

49、2 页，共 42 页知识点大全14. restart the computer重新启动电脑 start vt.启动；开始 restart重新启动知识链接 re部分动词 再，e.g. rebuild 重建， reuse循环使用， retell 复述用法拓展 set offstart off 出发；动身， set about doing sth开始做某事，着手做某事15. check the settings 检查设置，double-click on the “auto-run ” icon 双击“ 自动运行 ”图标，double-click on the icon for “Tour” doub

50、le-click on theicondouble-click on the icon for双击图标， put in the CD-ROM 插入光盘16. connect the keyboard to the computer properly 正确地连接键盘和电脑知识链接connect A to B 连接 A 和 B be connected to与连接 proper adj.正确的 properly17. grow an inch长一英寸， grow to six feet long 长到六英尺长 A foot is equal to 12 inches.18. daily Engli

51、sheveryday English日常英语 daily newspaper日报， Xinhua Daily新华日报19. go on short tours of Australia and New Zealand 去澳大利亚和新西兰短期旅行(p52)20. be hidden in somewhere in the Arctic 被藏在北极的某个地方 be hidden地点，被藏在 21. the treasure box百宝箱 treasure hunt寻宝(p55)词汇解析1. online adj.联网的；在线的 e.g. chat online网上聊天， order a packa

52、ge online网上订购一套精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 42 页知识点大全2. reach vt.到达 get toarrive at/in 达到， e.g. reach 18 years old年满18 岁 The child isnt tall enough to reach the snacks on the table. reach out a hand伸出一只手3. correctly adv.正确地 correct adj.正确的 incorrectincorrectly vt.改正；修正，e.g.

53、correct a mistake改正错误correct正确的 wrong 错误的，in the correct order按正确顺序4. educate v.教育 education n.教育 educational adj.教育的， e.g. educate oneself 自修；培养be educated at school 在学校里受教育have a good education受到良好教育5. knowledge n.知识 know vt.知道 be known to sb 为某人所知，be well known/famous for 因而出名， be known as作为 而出名，

54、 e.g. Samuel Clemens, who was known as Mark Twain, was a famous American writer. 塞缪斯 克莱门斯，以马克 吐温知名，是美国名作家。6. point n.分数 e.g. get 100 points 得 100 分n.小数点 e.g. 1.732读作 one point seven three two v.指 e.g. point out指出， point at/to指向7. regards( 用于信函的结尾或转达问候)致意；问候 regard sb as把某人视为 8. company简写作 Co.，e.g.有限

55、公司 company limitedCo., Ltd。producer制作人；制造商。9. 使用计算机 Office word 常用短语：create a file创建文档， keep/save the file for future use保存该文档以备用。 “ 收发电子邮件 ” send and receive e-mails 需要“ 电子信箱” e-mail address 。10. control n.(键盘上的 )控制键 vt.控制 e.g. The traffic lights are controlled 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - -

56、 - - - -第 14 页，共 42 页知识点大全by a central computer.交通信号灯由中心计算机控制。This knob controls the volume.此旋钮调节音量。二.【重点句型】1. What do you use your computer for? I usually use it to search for information. (p41)知识链接 Whatfor?Why ? 为什么 ? e.g. What did you do that for?Why did you do that?2. It sounds interesting, does

57、nt it? “ 陈述句附加疑问？ ” 构成反意疑问句。(p42)附加疑问即 “ 助动词或助动词的否定式缩写主语或there ”；附加疑问部分的助动词必须与陈述句保持一致，主语必须是人称代词或there，并与陈述句主语的单复数保持一致。前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意“ 前否定后肯定 ” 答语的英汉差异。反意疑问句的答语为 “Yes, 主语助动词 . ” 或“No, 主语助动词的否定式 ” 。e.g. Simon didn t take part in the football match, did he? Yes, he did. Though he wasn t feeling we

58、ll. 西蒙没有参加足球赛，是吗？不，他参加了。尽管他当时不舒服。3. One day, he was lying on the grass and looking at the beautiful blue sky, when he fell asleep and had a very strange dream. 一天，他躺在草地上，看着美丽的蓝天，不知不觉间睡着了，并做了个奇怪的梦。lie 躺 lies lying lay lain 说 谎 lies lying lied lied 位 于lies lying lied lied知识链接 lie 意思是 “ 躺” ，常用于 lie dow

59、n 躺下， find sb/sth lying地点She found a purse lying on the ground. I found a homeless man lying at the street corner. fall asleep 睡 着 ，e.g. He fell asleep when he was watching TV. have/dream a dream 做了一个 的梦， e.g. have/dream a strange dream用法拓展 lie 说谎，e.g. You could see from his face that he was lying.

60、tell 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 42 页知识点大全a lie 说谎位于， e.g. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.4. See those big clouds of different colours with questions on them? You get a point every time you answer a question correctly . every time陈述句，每当 ，引导时间状语从句。知识链接 get a point得一分， ans

61、wer a question correctly答对一题5. When you have got enough points, a cloud will come down and carry you off to a place you have never visited before. you have never visited before 是省略关系代词 that/which 的定语从句。知识链接 have got enough points 获得足够的点数， carry you off to 把你带到6. Are you ready? Lets go！准备好了吗？出发！7. Fo

62、r example, when you reach London, you will learn about the Museum of London and many other interesting places . learn about了解 many other名词复数，其他许多 (p43)8. Every time you pass a level, you will see a map of the world. pass a level过一关知识链接 Every time陈述句，每当 a map of the world 世界地图 a map of China9. The pl

63、aces you have visited are marked in bright purple. 你到过的地方都标上了明亮的紫色。10. Get it now before it is sold out. sell out 售完， be sold out被售完， sell well 好卖(不用被动 )知识链接 Have you got a size M? Sorry, they are all sold out. They sell well.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 42 页知识点大全11. Ive bou

64、ght many educational CD-ROMs before, but Ive found none of them to be any good.知识链接 find none of them to be any good没发现一个好的12. How can your teacher read your homework on the computer? I can send him e-mails or print it out. read your homework批阅作业，send sb e-mails给某人发电子邮件(p46)知识链接 on the computer在电脑上，

65、 on the screen ，on TV，on the Internet( 在因特网上 )13. Do you have a new printer, too? Yes, and it prints very quickly . 该句的print 不用被动。14. My new computer is much faster than the old one. I can type very easily, and the keyboard is very comfortable. 15. We ve got many kinds of personal computers. This gr

66、een one is called Kiwi, and it is designed especially for students . personal computer个人电脑，简写作PC。(p48)知识链接 Kiwi (informal)a person from New Zealand新西兰人 几维鸟， 新西兰鸟，喙长、 翼短、 无尾、 不能飞 kiwi fruit 猕猴桃；奇异果 be designed especially for students特别为学生而设计16. Is it used widely? Of course, very widely in Beijing. be

67、 widely used被广泛使用知识链接 English is widely used as the second language in many countries. (be widely as被广泛用作 )17. When a total of ten questions are answered incorrectly, the princess will become bald. (p51)知识链接 total n.总数，总和 e.g. You got 47 points on the written exam and 18 on the oral, making a total

68、of 65. 你笔试得了 47 分， 口试得了 18 分， 总分 65 分。Out of a total of 15 games, they only won 2. 在总共 15 场比赛中，他们只胜了2精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 42 页知识点大全场。become bald秃顶 become 形容词18. The questions get more difficult as you go to higher levels. 当你到更高的级别，问题就更难了。知识链接as连词，当时，随着。 e.g. The air

69、will get fresher as you reach the top of the mountain.19. She will help you when necessary. 必要时她会帮助你。 if necessary如果有必要(p52)20. Many topics are covered in the course, including travel and hotels, food and drink, and shopping and money. 这一课程涉及许多主题， 包括旅游、饭店、购物和钱币。(p53)知识链接 coverinclude 包括；涉及including

70、介词，包括 在内， e.g. His talk covered/included the history between the two World Wars. The package includes/covers a book and two CD-ROMs. There were ten students left in the classroom, including Tom.21. Can you show me how to start this online tour of Australia, please? 你能告诉我如何开启这个澳大利亚的在线之旅吗？ how to star

71、t是“ 疑问词动词不定式 ” 。22. Do you mind telling me how to use this function?你介不介意告诉如何使用这个功能？知识链接 mind 介意，表示请求允许或客气地请人做事。注意以下两种表达的不同：Do/Would you mind my/me doing sth? 或 Do/Would you mind if I do sth? 你介意我做某事吗？表示请求对方的允许 ，答语为 Of course not. Certainly not.或 Youd better not. Better not.Do/Would you mind doing s

72、th?你介意做某事吗？ 表示客气地请人做事 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 42 页知识点大全Do you mind my opening the window? Do you mind if I open the window? 我开窗户好吗？Would you mind explaining that again, please? 请你再解释一遍行吗？请做题Would you mind ? I m feeling too tired. Of course not. Let me do it.A. to drive

73、 B. my drive C. driving D. my driving23. Just double-click on the “Pencil ” icon. A worksheet has just appeared on the screen.知识链接appear是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。 appear出现disappear消失sheet n.床单 e.g. change the sheet换床单 一张(通常指标准尺寸的纸 ) e.g. 500 sheets24. In which countries is the game sold? 这个游戏在哪些国家销售？(p55)知识链接

74、 In which countries 不能去掉介词 in，e.g. Which city did you go to last summer?25. The goal of the game is to travel around the world to learn the history of each place and use this knowledge to open the treasure box. 当主语是 goal 等时，用动词不定式 be to do作表语。三.【语法详解】被动语态英语中的语态主动语态和被动语态英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语

75、是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：They built a new bridge over the river. (主动 ) A new bridge was built over the river by them. (被动) Many people speak English. ( 主动) English is spoken by many people. (被动)汉语中常用 “ 被” 、“ 给” 、“ 由” 、“ 受” 等词用来表示被动，而英语用“ 助动词 be及物动词的过去分词构成” ，即“be p.p. ”，其中助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化。精选学习资料 -

76、- - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 42 页知识点大全被动语态的基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be过去分词构成，时态通过动词 be表现出来。什么时候使用被动语态不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Some windows were broken last night. This book was published ( 出版) in 2005. 注意：第句This book came out in 2005. come out 是不及物动词短语

77、， 不能用于被动语态。只强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries. Rice was first grown in China.English is learned all over the world.注意：不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，如：appear, happen, take place等。被动语态的基本结构动作的承受者 be过去分词其他 by动作的执行者。简写为 “ 承受者 be过去分词其他 by动作的执行者 ” 。主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：确定主动语态的时态， 它决定着被动语态中的

78、助动词be。 找出主动语态的主、谓、宾。 按照上述句式改写：承受者+be+过去分词 +其他 by执行者常用的被动语态结构精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 42 页知识点大全时态结构时态结构一般现在时am/is/arep.p. 含 情态 动词can/may/must/ be p.p.一般过去时was/werep.p.现 在完 成时have/has been + p.p.一般将来时will/shall be p.p.am/is/are going to bep.p.现 在进 行时am/is/are being + p.p.主

79、动改为被动语态的例子：主动语态基本结构为主、谓、宾。His brother washes dishes every day. Dishes are washed every day by his brother.主(执行者 ) 谓宾(承受者 ) 其他Peter will clean the room tomorrow. The room will be cleaned tomorrow by Peter.He must look after the little boy. The little boy must be looked after by him.The students are w

80、atching a charity show. A charity show is being watched by the students.特殊情况的被动语态简单句五种基本形式中的其中两种变为被动语态时十分重要：主谓双宾： 这类短语含有介词 to 或 for。如： give, send, show, buy, makegive sb sth give sth to sb ，buy sb sth buy sth for sb主动语态： Amy gave me some nice stickers. Amy gave some nice stickers to me.被动语态： I was g

81、iven some nice stickers by Amy.或 Some nice stickers were given to me by Amy.主动： A fairy gave the princess a magic wand.A fairy gave a magic wand to Princess Laura. 被动：The princess was given a magic wand by a fairy. 或 A magic wand was given to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页，共 42

82、页知识点大全the princess.总结含有双宾语的动词短语变为被动语态的规则：可以把任何一个宾语作为被动语态的主语；如果把直接宾语(即物体 )作为主语，动词和直接宾语之间要添加相应的介词 to 或 for。主动语态中无论使用give sb sth 还是 give sth to sb，一律按照上述句子改写，即：give sb sth 或 give sth to sb sb be given sth或 sth be given to sb ，这类含有介词to 或 for 的短语见下表主动语态被动语态send sb sth或 send sth to sbsb be sent sth 或 sth

83、be sent to sbshow sb sth或 show sth to sbsb be shown sth或 sth be shown to sbbuy sb sth或 buy sth for sbsb be bought sth或 sth be bought for sbmake sb sth 或 make sth for sbsb be made sth 或 sth be made for sb主谓宾省略 to 的不定式 (即宾补 )：使役动词变为被动语态时， 原来省略的 to一定要加上。常见短语 make sb do sthsb be made to do sth (主动语态不含 t

84、o，被动语态必须带 to。下同 )hear sb do sthsb be heard to do sth see sb do sthsb be seen to do sthhave sb do sthsb be had to do sth注意特殊例子： let sb do sth sb be let do sth (主动语态和被动语态都不含to。)e.g. He made the w orkers work 12 hours a day. The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.主动形式表示被动意义：有些不及物动词 (其主语大都指物 )的主动语

85、态可以表示被动意义。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 22 页，共 42 页知识点大全某些连系动词。这些动词有feel, taste, smell, sound, prove 等。The coffee smells delicious. The story proved quite false. 某些可与 well, easily, quickly 等副词连用的不及物动词。This kind of bikes sells well. This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind

86、.某些可用于 “ 主谓主补 ” 结构中的不及物动词。 e.g. The bag broke open.动名词在 be worth doing句型中的主动形式表示被动含义。His novels are so well worth reading that I want one. These stamps are worth collecting. 动名词在 need, want, require等动词后，主动形式表示被动含义。need doing need to be doneThe problem requires dealing with immediately. Her bike need

87、ed repairing.动词不定式的主动形式在tooto 句型中表示被动含义。 The box is too heavy to carry.有些形容词后的动词不定式有被动含义。这些形容词有easy, difficult, heavy, nice, good, pleasant, important, useful, dangerous 等。Bad habits are easy to contract. English is difficult to learn. Unit4 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. hold a microphone拿着麦克风 比较：The host came on

88、stage with a microphone in his hand.2. Congratulations!祝贺你！ congratulations在向别人表示祝贺、祝福时常用复数。(p60)3. be chosen to be/as the host of a charity show be chosen to be/as被选作知识链接 be chosen to do sth被选做某事， e.g. Hepburn was chosen to play the lead role.4. fund-raising activities for charities 为慈善机构筹款的活动，adve

89、rtise on the Internet在网上做广告 advertise on TV/in the newspaper/in the magazine 在电视上精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 23 页，共 42 页知识点大全/报纸上 /杂志上做广告， organize a charity show 组织慈善演出， sell books to raise money卖书来筹款(p61)5. give out leaflets发传单 give out 分发，动词副词结构，give it/them out。6. return to sc

90、hool重返学校 return 回到 return to地点 return sth to sb把某物归还某人知识链接return togo back to 回到return sth to sb give sth back to sb归还 Hong Kong returned to China in1997. I remembered returning the book to the library.7. help protect rivers and lakes in China 帮助保护中国的河流和湖泊help (to) do sth帮助做 8. host a charity show主持

91、慈善演出， start working on the show开始着手演出工作(p62)9. have a lot of support from local businesses 得到当地企业的许多支持知识链接 have support from sbhave sb s support得到某人的支持， e.g. have my parents support.business n.企业；商行事情Mind your own business. It s none of your business. 不关你的事。on business 因公；公干He has gone to Beijing on

92、 business. business hours营业时间用法拓展 be busy with sth忙于某事be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 (联想记忆：因为忙的时候人在做事， 所以 be busy之后用动词的 ing 形式) as busy as a bee极忙碌地10. perform on the stage 在舞 台上 表 演 perform v. performer n.表演 者performance n. 表演精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 24 页，共 42 页知识点大全11. on the si

93、de door在侧门上，at both sides of the stage 在舞台的两侧，in the middle of the stage在舞台的中间， in the four corners of the school hall在学校礼堂的四个角落里(p67)12. design the poster 设计海报，set up the stage 搭建舞台，ask friends and families to come (p70)13. make a sentence 造句make a sentence with用造句，keep silent保持沉默，from now on 从今以后

94、(用于将来时 )，since then自那时起 (用于完成时 )，day and night 日日夜夜， first of all 首先；最重要的是， care more about多关注 care more about the people in need ， care only about只关心 ，care about在乎, 关心 (p72)14. make/do a speech 演讲freedom of speech言论的自由(p73)词汇解析1. 中国的慈善机构： Project Hope希望工程，Spring Bud Project 春蕾计划，Project Green Hope绿

95、色希望工程， Save China s Tigers 拯救中国虎2. TV cameras摄像机， TV station 电视台 Chinese Central Television StationCCTV3. rise vi. 上升， (太阳、 月亮)升起反义词 set， e.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 The curtain rose. (水)涨高 e.g. The river rose after the rain. (物价)上涨 e.g. Prices have risen surprisingl

96、y. 物价上涨得很惊人。用法拓展 rise rose risen vi.上升；升起raise raised raised vt.举起；升起，筹集二.【重点句型】1. Only if you sleep less during the day. 只要你白天少睡一些觉(p60)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 25 页，共 42 页知识点大全知识链接 only if只要就；只有 才2. There are many ways to raise money for charity. 为慈善筹款有许多方式。3. A lot of work n

97、eeded to be finished, so I dont have much free time. (p62)知识链接 主语是事物时， need to be done need doing主动形式表示被动。Your clothes are so dirty. They need washing./They need to be washed. (SeeUnit 3语法详解 )4. It was my job to introduce each star. 我的工作是介绍每一个明星。知识链接 当主语是 job, duty, goal, purpose, aim, dream, wish 等

98、时，动词 be之后用动词不定式作表语。e.g. Her duty is to clean the street. His dream is to be an explorer.5. I couldn t sleep at all that night because I was so excited. Will it be a success ? I kept asking myself. 知识链接 not at all根本不 ；一点也不 kept doing sth反复做某事be a success 成功 be successful ，be a big/great success 非常成功6

99、. No time to be nervous any more. This is it! 没有时间再紧张了。就这样吧！知识链接 (There be) no time to do sth. 没有时间做某事。 e.g. Theres no time to have breakfast.7. The fans of the pop stars were making a lot of noise, so I had to speak loudly.知识链接 make a lot of noise大声吵闹 make a noise吵闹；发出响声speak loudly大声说话 read aloud朗

100、读(动词副词结构 )，read it/them aloud8. Everything seemed to happen so fast, and now it is all over.知识链接 seem adj. 好像；似乎 seem (to be) 形容词 look形容词seem (to be) happySb seems/seemed to do sth. It seems/seemed that sb do sth 好像/似乎某人做某事， Everything seemed to happen so fast. It seemed that everything happened so

101、fast. It seems to me that sb do sth.9. A lot of money has been donated to Project Green Hope. have/has been过去分精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 26 页，共 42 页知识点大全词知识链接 donate sth to sb向捐赠某物 sth be donated to sb 某物被捐赠给 e.g.People have donated tens of millions of yuan to Project Hope since

102、it was founded in 1989.10. I hope more events like this will be organized to raise money for charity and I think more people should be invited to take part in them . more events like this 更多像这样的活动知识链接invite sb to.sb be invited to应邀到某地， invite sb to do sthsb be invited to do sth应邀做某事， e.g. Last night

103、 they were invited to Amys birthday party.take part injoin in 参加attend出席， e.g. Many important persons attended the conference.11. I was glad to receive your e-mail. It was great fun to be a host, wasnt it? (p69)12. Some children in poor areas do not have money to go to school, so Project Hope pay fo

104、r their education.知识链接 pay for sth付的款， pay some money for sth买某物付 钱13. Our class held a meeting to talk about holding a charity show. hold/have a meeting开会知识链接 talk about sb/sth讨论、谈论某人或某事， talk about doing sth讨论、谈论做某事14. We have arranged work among the students.我们已在同学中分配了工作。(p71)知识链接arrange vt.安排；筹备

105、 rearrange vt. 重新安排；重新排列，arrange arrangement ，rearrange rearrangement。e.g. They arranged a farewell party for the exchange students. among 在中(两者以上 ) between在中(两者) e.g. There is a wooden house among the trees. English is widely used for business between countries.15. I hope that our show will be held

106、 at the school hall. I hope a lot of pop stars can be invited to the show. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 27 页，共 42 页知识点大全知识链接hopethat 引导的一般将来时或含有情态动词can的从句。hope to do sth希望做某事。英语里没有hope sb to do sth ，必须改为 hopethat 从句。用法拓展 want/wish to do sth 想做某事， want/wish sb to do sth 想让某人做某事。 wis

107、hthat 从句 表示祝福、祝愿表示不可能实现或很难实现的愿望 e.g. I wish you will have success at school. I wish you a happy new year. I wish I were a bird and could fly in the sky freely.16. Project Hope is an organization that raises money to build schools and buy books for poor students. (p72) 知识链接 画线部分是关系代词that/which 引导的定语从

108、句，该句不能省略关系代词。17. We would like to thank the following for their help and support.感谢以下 (单位或个人)的帮助或支持。18. We think its important that all children learn to read and write. 该句中的 itthat从句。 (p74)19. Their parents have no money, so the children have to go to work instead.这些孩子的父母没钱，所以他们得去干活。知识链接 instead 是副

109、词，意思是 “ 代替，反而，却 ” ，表示 “ 本应做的事没有做，反而 ” 。e.g. Let him go instead. instead of名词 /人称代词宾格 /动名词/介词短语，代替, 而不是 。He was ill. I did the work instead of him. He spent his free time chatting online instead of watching TV. The children should go to school instead of working to support their families. 孩子们应该上学，而不是

110、干活养家。She will go to Dalian by ship instead of by plane.20. After a few songs, there was a break. (p75)知识链接 break n.暂停，休息 (工作时的间歇 ) 常用于： have a break休息一下。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 28 页，共 42 页知识点大全用法拓展 break down出故障 break into强行闯入 break out(战争、地震、火灾等 )发生A fire broke out last night

111、. break vi.破晓， e.g. Day broke. 天亮了。 Night fell.天黑了 . Unit5 一.【精选词汇】重点短语1. have some pocket money left Sb have sth left某人剩下某物。 There be sth/sb left.剩下 (p76)知识链接 She has spent all her money on this book. Now she has none left. Hurry up. There is little time left.2. a flying eye hospital飞行眼科医院，perform/

112、do operations做手术， teach them new skills and share our knowledge 教他们新技术、分享我们的知识，watch the operations on video观看手术录像，train local doctors and nurses 培训当地的医护人员(p78)3. be used as a teaching centre 被用作教学中心 be used as被用作 useas 把用作知识链接 be used as use as，e.g. English is used as the first language in the USA.

113、4. operate on 150 patients operate onperform/do an operation on给做手术 (79)知识链接 operate operationoperating room手术室 operating table手术台用法拓展 operate v.操作，e.g. Can you operate computers? This machine doesnt operate well.5. be proud to be able to help so many people proud adj.骄傲的；自豪的 pride n.精选学习资料 - - - -

114、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 29 页，共 42 页知识点大全骄傲知识链接be proud to do sth因做某事而骄傲 /自豪，I m proud to be a member of the team.be/feel proud of 以为骄傲 /自豪， e.g. He is proud of his achievements. be/feel proud that从句，以 为荣， e.g. She s proud that her son has so much talent. be the pride of是的骄傲， e.g. His great s

115、uccess is the pride of us.be able to动词原形，常用于一般现在时、一般过去时，也与情态动词must, may 或助动词 will 等连用， e.g. You must be able to speak French for this job. 比较 can/could动词原形，只用于一般现在时、一般过去时。用法拓展 able有才能的 ability 能力disabled残疾的, able unable 不能的be unable to不能6. make the world a better place for children 让世界成为孩子们的更好地方，rec

116、eive/get education接受教育， work far away from home，work for ORBIS ，work as a doctor当医生 work as 当；从事 7. make a donation to make donations todonate money to向捐款， do voluntary work 做义工， raise money by selling Christmas cards and organizing other fund-raising activities (p86)8. make flow charts制作流程图，have a

117、job like Marys有一份像玛丽那样的工作，finish school 毕业(不用定冠词 the)，train as a nurse接受护士培训 train as接受培训(p89)9. do a lot of research on it research n.研究， e.g. scientific research科学研究(p91)词汇解析1. 国际慈善机构 (international charities)：ORBIS 奥比斯， Oxfam 乐施会Hong 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 30 页，共 42 页知识点大全

118、Kong Oxfam 香港乐施会， Oxfam Trailwalker 乐施会毅行者活动， UNICEF 联合国儿童基金会， World Vision 世界宣明会， World Wide Fund for NatureWWF世界自然基金会2. indeed adv. 的确，实在地，确实，用以加强肯定的语气。 e.g. Do you agree? Yes, indeed! A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见友情；患难朋友才是真正的朋友。3. 部分动词、形容词加后缀可以变为名词，常见的有以下三种情况：部分动词后缀 ment 名词：agreeagreeme

119、nt, advertiseadvertisementad, develop development, punishpunishment, improveimprovement 部 分 动 词 后 缀ion 名 词 ： invent invention, collectcollection, donate donation, educate education, celebratecelebration, organize organization, inviteinvitation, connectconnection 形 容 词 后 缀ness名 词 ： illillness, sick s

120、ickness, rich richness, kind kindness, ugly ugliness, careless carelessness, fitfitness, great greatness, carelesscarelessness (粗心)二.【重点句型】1. I m not used to going out before lunch. Dont worry . Hobo, you used to be very kind to me. Let me have lunch first. Im so weak that I can t walk further. furt

121、her 是far 的比较级。(p76)2. Blindness affects about 45 million people around the world, mostly in poor countries, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be cured or prevented. 80% of the cases of blindness 80%的失明病例(p78)知识链接affectinfluence vt.影响effect n.影响， 常用短语 have a bad/good effect on sb，e.g. Smoking

122、affects your health. Fights in action films have a bad effect on teenagers.mostly adv.主要地；大部分地；一般地，e.g. We re mostly out on Sundays. 我们精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 31 页，共 42 页知识点大全星期天一般不在家。per cent百分数，如： 80%读作 eighty per cent。当百分数作主语时，谓语动词的形式由百分数后面的名词而定，与“ 就近原则 ” 相似。 e.g. 71% of th

123、e earth is covered with water. Twenty per cent of the students are from the countryside.3. However, many people do not have the money for medical treatment. 没钱医治知识链接 medicine n.医学；内服药， e.g. Chinese medicine中药，traditional Chinese medicine 中医， take/ have the medicine 服药， study medicine 学医medicine medi

124、cal adj. 医学的；医疗的， e.g. medical history病史， medical records病历， medical examination 体检， medical examiner法医， medical treatment医治treat vt.治疗treatment n.治疗，under the treatment在治疗中vt.对待 treat sb asregard sb as把看作；把视为，Dont treat him as a child. People regard Jet Lee as a talented actor.4. Many of our patien

125、ts are so poor that they cant afford to travel to hospital, so we have to go to them. 我们的许多病人很穷，连去医院的钱都没有，所以我们得去他们那里。知识链接 afford sth买得起 ；有时间做 ，通常与 can, could, be able to连用，一般用于否定句、疑问句中。e.g. Can we afford a new car? afford to do sth有足够的钱做某事，e.g. We cant afford to buy a new house. Can they afford to g

126、o abroad this summer?5. By training local doctors and nurses, we hope to help even more people. by介词，通过。6. You ve done such an important job that people must be really grateful to you. (p79)知识链接 be grateful to sb for sth因某事而感激某人 gratefulthankful，注意不要把 grateful 写成 greatful。e.g. Im grateful to you for

127、 your help and support. 7. However, the most important thing for us is that we can help people see again. that精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 32 页，共 42 页知识点大全引导的表语从句。8. Thank you very much for your time, Dr Ma. Is there anything else youd like to say to our readers? 马医生，感谢你抽时间接受我们的采访。

128、你还有别的话要对我们的读者说吗？9. Modern medicine is developing so quickly that we can treat and cure most eye problems and improve the lives of patients.现代医学发展如此之快，以至于我们能治疗并治愈绝大多数眼疾，从而改善病人的生活。注意 sothat 结构中 so后面形容词或副词的使用规则。知识链接lifelives 生活； 生命， lose one s life/lives丧生， save one s life/lives挽救某人的生命，物主代词或名词所有格的单复数决定

129、了life/lives 。e.g. lose his life, save their livesimprove 改进；改善；提高，e.g. You need more practice to improve your English.10. All we need is enough money to carry on with our work. 我们所需要的足够的钱，以继续我们的工作。All we need 是 All that we need 的省略。知识链接 carry on with sth carry on doing sth continue to do sthcontinue

130、 doing sth继续做某事， e.g. They carried on working, though they were very tired. 11. We hope people will support our work by sending donations to ORBIS.We hope people will send donations to ORBIS to support our work.12. Dr Ma said that 80% of the cases of blindness can be either prevented or cured. (p81)

131、知识链接 either (两者中的 )任何一个， e.g. You can park on either side of the street.either or(对两事物的选择 )要么要么；不是 不是；或者 或者，作主语时谓语动词的形式遵循“ 就近原则 ” 。e.g. I think shes either English or American. I ll buy either a camera or a MP3 player with the money. This afternoon he will either stay at home or go to the cinema. Ei

132、ther he could not come or he did not want to. 他要么是不能来要么是不想来。 Either he or you are going to 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 33 页，共 42 页知识点大全be invited to attend the presentation this coming Friday.either (用于否定句句尾 )也，Peter can t and I cant either. Sandy wont go there. I won t go there,

133、either.Neither/Nor will I. Me either. 用法拓展 Neither助动词主语，某某也不。 So助动词主语，某某也如此。13. After learning from the ORBIS doctors, the local doctors can then help people in their areas.向奥比斯的医生学习之后，当地的医生们就可以帮助所在地区的人了。(p81)知识链接 after 作介词时，后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。当 after 引导的时间从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语， 并将谓语动词变为动词-ing 形式：

134、 After doing 。before/when/while/as等时间状语从句的连词也如此。e.g. After he worked for ten hours, he felt quite tired.After working for ten hours, he felt quite tired.14. At that time, many childrens lives were changed because of the war. (p86)15. Pollution is such a serious problem in many parts of the world tha

135、t more action ought to be taken to prevent it. ought to动词原形 should动词原形(p87)三.【语法详解】 used to, be used to, sothat, suchthatused to, be used to 的用法used to 动词原形， 过去常做某事； 否定式为 used not to do sth或 did not use to do sth；疑问式为 Diduse to do sth? 或 Used to do sth? There be 与 used to的用法为： 肯定式 There used to be.；

136、 否定式 There used not to be或 There did not use to be ；疑问式 Used there to be? e.g. She used t o live on her own.否定式： She used not to live on her own. She didn t use to live on her own. 疑问式： Did she use to live on her own? Used she to live on her own? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 34 页，共

137、 42 页知识点大全There used to be a clock tower. 否定式： There didn t use to be a clock tower. There used not be a clock tower. 疑问式： Did there use to be a clock tower? Used there to be a clock tower?be used to sth 习惯某事， be used to doing sth 习惯做某事，也可以表达为get/become used to sth, get/become used to doing sth。e.g.

138、 Daniel is/gets/becomes used to the life in the city. She is/gets/become used to getting up early.sothat, suchthat的用法so, such的用法：so是副词，修饰形容词或副词原级；such是形容词，修饰名词或名词短语。such修饰含有名词单数、名词复数和不可数名词的名词短语，即：such a/an形容词名词单数such形容词名词复数such形容词不可数名词。注意以下特殊情况： such 修饰名词单数时可以转换为so，但是词序不同，即：such a/an 形容词名词单数 so形容词 a

139、/an名词单数。当名词前有 many, much, few, little 这四个词修饰，只能用so，即 so many/few名词复数， so much/little不可数名词；简言之， so修饰“ 两多” 、“ 两少” 。例如：such a man such an exciting filmso exciting a film such exciting films 不能说成so exciting films such fine weather 不能说成so fine weather so many/few books不能说成 such many/few books so much/lit

140、tle pollution 不能说成such much/little pollution。sothat , suchthat 如此 以至于 ，引导结果状语从句，两者在意思上可以互换。 such修饰名词或名词短语； so修饰形容词或副词原级。当so 前面的动词是连系动词时， so 后面用形容词原级；当so前面是行为动词时， so 后面用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 35 页，共 42 页知识点大全副词原级；即：连系动词 so形容词原级，行为动词 so副词原级。so 或 such的使用是中考的一个重要考点。The problem is

141、 so difficult that we cant work it out.It is such a difficult problem that we cant work it out. 注意：sothat 转换为 suchthat ，必须保持意思不变。Many patients are so poor that they cant afford to go to hospital. Modern medicine is developing so quickly that we can treat and cure most eye problems.Dr Ma has done suc

142、h an important job that people must be really grateful to him.sothat sb cant/couldn t ，suchthat sb cant/couldn t 引导的结果状语从句的否定式，可与 toofor sb to do(注意动词原形之后不能再接宾语)或 not形容词或副词原级 enough to do sth互换。The book cost so much that she couldnt buy it.The book cost too much for her to buy.He ran so quickly that

143、 nobody could catch up with him.He ran too quickly for anybody to catch up with. 注意简单句 too for sb to do中的动词不定式之后不能再接宾语。The child was so young that he couldnt go to school.The child was too young to go to school.The child was not old enough to go to school.Unit6 1再来一些some more 2最大的筹款活动one of the bigg

144、est fund-raising events 3亚洲的其他地区many other parts of Asia 4一次艰难的远足a tough hike 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 36 页，共 42 页知识点大全5在 48 小时之内within 48 hours 6一次极好的机会an excellent chance 7学会团队精神learn team spirit 8互相支持 support each other 9至少 at least 10使你感到舒服keep comfortable11尽力做某事try ones be

145、st to do12支持发展项目support development project 13为什么不why not do 14参加 take part in 15以出名 be known as 16完成某事finish doing 17保持健康keep fit 18看不起某人look down on 19发生 take place 20后援小组a support team 21在某些方面in some way 22在去途中 on the way to 23听某人做某事hear sb do/doing 24捉迷藏 play hide-and-seek 25注意 pay attention to

146、26做某事 (对某人来说 )是 it s + adj + (for sb.) to do精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 37 页，共 42 页知识点大全27在湖边 by the lake 28迷路 get lost 29记得做某事remember to do sth. 30向学习learn from 31航空邮寄by mail 32更多的信息further information 33虽然,尽管 even though 34学习的机会a chance to studyP92 1 train for a charity walk 为一

147、个慈善步行活动受训2 support me 支持我3 Its meaningful to do sth. 做某事是有意义的。4 need some more food 需要更多的食物5 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事6 organize a charity walk 组织一次慈善步行活动7 design a web page to advertise the event 设计一张网页为这个活动做广告P93 1 people who need help 需要帮助的人2 a disabled person 一位残疾人3 an elderly person 一位年岁大的人4

148、a homeless person 一位无家可归的人5 deaf people 聋人6 help them cross the road 帮助他们过马路精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 38 页，共 42 页知识点大全P94-95 1 a fund- raising event called Oxfam Trailwalker 一个叫作乐施会毅行者的慈善基金募集活动2 one of Hong Kongs fund-raising events 香港慈善基金募集活动之一3 be known as 被作为 了解4 people in ot

149、her parts of Asia and Africa 亚洲和非洲其它地区的人5 be held in November 在 11月举行6 group themselves into a team of four people 四人一组进行分组7 tough hike 艰苦的远足8 finish walking a 100-kilometre trail within 48 hours 在 48小时内走完 10 万米路9 It means that 这意味着 10 walk two days and night without sleep 不睡觉走两天两夜11 walk through co

150、untry parks 走过乡村公园12 walk over hills and mountains 翻山跃岭13 an excellent chance 一个极好的机会14 team spirit 团队精神15 plan everything together 一起计划所有的事情16 the teams finishing time will be recorded 整个团队最终所用时间将被记录下来17 It is necessary/ useful for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事 。It is necessary/useful that. 18 support tea

151、ms 支持小组19 keep sb comfortable让某人舒服20 support development projects 支持发展计划精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 39 页，共 42 页知识点大全21 try ones best to do sth 尽某人全力去做某事22 an experience you will never forget 一次终身难忘的经历P96-97 1 a path through the country 乡间小路2 collect money for 为筹集资金3 the process of

152、 growth 成长的过程4 a money-collecting event 一次资金筹集活动5 think of doing sth 考虑做某事6 take part in 参加7 fitness and training 健康和训练8 form groups of four 组成四人一组的团队9 the aim of sth 某事的目的10 the aim is to 目的是去 P98 1create new words by putting two words together 通过连接两个词来创造新词2 add a hyphen between the two words 在两个词中

153、间加上一个连字符3 add hyphens if necessary 如果必要的话加上连字符4 bring a first aid box 带上一个急救箱P99-101 1 look down on /upon sb 看不起某人2 do voluntary work 做支援工作3 exercise to kip fit 通过锻炼保持健康P102-103 1 as much information as possible 尽可能多的信息精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 40 页，共 42 页知识点大全2 5km south of Sun

154、ny Street Sunny街向南 5 千米3 play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏4 flat land for flying kites 用来放风筝的平地fly kites on the flat land 5 900 metres high/in height 900米高6 a small lake for fishing 用来钓鱼的小湖7 be close to 接近8 the Kite Festival 风筝节9 facts about the hill 关于小山的事实10 route of the walk 行走的路线11 best of all .最好地12 the p

155、erfect place 完美的地方13 find the information useful 找出有用的信息14 tips for joining a charity walk 参加慈善之行的技巧15 bring an umbrella if necessary 如果必要的话带一把伞P104 1 your top teeth touch your bottom lip 上排牙齿碰到下唇2 the sound of violins 小提琴的声音3 sing with very beautiful voices 用非常优美的声音唱P105-106 1 the flow chart 流程表2 p

156、rovide a chance to study 提供一次学习机会3 details of the event 活动的细节4 get an application form 拿一张申请表精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 41 页，共 42 页知识点大全5 return the form on or before 15th May在五月十五或之前交回表格6 collection of funds 捐款总额7 Dont miss the chance. 不要错过这次机会。8 certificates for walk 慈善之行的证书9 receive a certificate 获得一张证书10 contact sb on 5558 6390 拨打 55586390与某人联系P107 1 have the chance to do so 有机会这么做2 improve the lives of poor people 改进穷人的生活精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 42 页，共 42 页