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1、常用缓冲溶液配制方法缓冲溶液是无机化学及分析化学中的重要概念，分析测试中，在络合滴定和分光光度法等许多反应里都要求溶液的PH值保持在一个范围内，以保证指示剂的变色和显色剂的显色等，这些条件都是通过加入一定量的缓冲溶液达到的，所以缓冲溶液是分析测试中经常需要的一种试剂。1.甘氨酸-盐酸缓冲液(005molL)PHXYPHXY2.05044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0X毫升0.2molL甘氨酸+Y毫升0.2mol/L盐酸，再加水稀释至200毫升；甘氨酸分子量=75.07,0.2InoI/L甘氨酸溶液含1
2、5.01克/升。2.邻苯二甲酸-盐酸缓冲液(0.05mol/L)PH(20)XYpH(20C)XY2.254.0703.251.4702.453.9603.450.9902.653.2953.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.022X毫升0.2mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾+0.2mol/LHCl,再加水稀释到20毫升；邻苯二甲酸氢钾分子量=204.23,0.2mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液含40.85克/升。3.磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液PH0.2molLNa2HPO4（毫升）0.lmolL柠檬酸（亳升）PH0.2molLNa2HPO4（毫升）0.lmolL柠檬酸（亳升）2
3、.20.4010.605.210.729.282.41.2418.765.411.158.852.62.1817.825.611.608.402.83.1716.835.812.097.913.04.1115.896.012.637.373.24.9415.066.213.226.783.45.7014.306.413.856.153.66.4413.566.614.555.453.87.1012.906.815.454.554.07.7112.297.016.473.534.28.2811.727.217.392.614.48.8211.187.418.171.834.69.3510.657
4、.618.731.274.89.8610.147.819.150.855.010.309.708.019.450.55Na2HPO4分子量=14.98,0.2mol/L溶液为28.40克/升；Na2HPO42H2O分子量=178.05,0.2mol/L溶液含35.01克/升;C4H2O7H2O分子量=210.14,0.1mol/L溶液为21.01克/升、4.柠檬酸-氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液PH钠离子浓度（mol/L）柠檬酸（克）CgHsO?HqO氢氧化钠（克）NaOH97%盐酸（毫升）HCl（浓）最终体积（升）2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.20210
5、83106104.30.202108345105.30.3524514468105.80.45285186105106.50.3826615612610使用时可以每升中加入1克酚，若最后PH值有变化，再用少量50%氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，冰箱保存。5.柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液（0.1molL）PH0.lmolL柠檬酸（亳升）0.lmolL柠檬酸钠（毫升）PH0.lmolL柠檬酸（亳升）0.lmolL柠檬酸钠（亳升）3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05
6、.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8柠檬酸C6H8O7H2O：分子量210.14,（MnK）I/L溶液为21.01克/升;柠檬酸钠Na3C6H5O72H2O:分子量294.12,0.1molL溶液为29.41克/毫升。6.乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲液（02molL）PH（18）0.2mol/LNaAc（毫升）0.3mol/LHAC（毫升）PH（18）0.2mol/LNaAc升）0.3mol/LHAc（毫升）2.60.759.254.85.904
7、.103.81.208.805.07.003.004.01.808.205.27.902.104.22.657.355.48.601.404.43.706.305.69.100.904.64.905.105.89.400.60Na2Ac3H20分子量=136.09,0.2molL溶液为27.22克/升。7.磷酸盐缓冲液(1)磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(0.2molL)Pll0.2molLNa2HPO4（毫升）0.3molLNaH2PO4（毫升）PH0.2molLNa2HPO4（毫升）0.3mol/LNaH2PO4（毫升）5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.07.16
8、7.033.06.012.387.77.272.028.06.115.085.07.377.023.06.218.581.57.481.019.06.322.577.57.584.016.06.426.573.57.687.013.06.531.568.57.789.510.56.637.562.57.891.58.56.743.556.57.993.07.06.849.551.08.094.75.36.955.045.0Na2HPO42H2O分子量=178.05,0.2molL溶液为85.61克/升；NaiHPO4-12H2O分子量=358.22,0.2molL溶液为71.64克/升;NaH
9、2PO42H2O分子量=156.03,0.2molL溶液为31.21克/升。（2）磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（l15molL）PHmolL15Na2HP4（亳升）molL15KH2PO4（毫升）PHmolL15Na2HPO4（毫升）molL15KH2PO4（毫升）4.920.109.907.177.003.005.290.509.507.388.002.005.911.009.007.739.001.006.242.008.008.049.500.506.473.007.008.349.750.256.644.006.008.679.900.106.815.005.008.1810.0006
10、.986.004.00Na2HPO42H2O分子量=178.05,1/15M溶液为11.876克/升;KH2PO4分子量=136.09,1/15M溶液为9.078克/升。8.磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05M）pH（20oC）XYpH（20oC）XY5.850.3727.052.9636.050.5707.253.5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.680X毫升0.2MKH2P04+Y毫升0.2NNaOH加水稀释至29毫升。9.巴比妥钠-盐酸缓冲液（18C）PH0.04M巴比妥钠溶液
11、（毫升）0.2N盐酸（毫升）PH0.04M巴比妥钠溶液（亳升）0.2N盐酸（亳升）6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.21001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥钠盐分子量=206.18；0.04M溶液为8.25克/升。10.TriS-盐酸缓冲液(0.05M,25C)PHXPHX7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019
12、.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.250毫升0.1M三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）溶液与X毫升0.IN盐酸混匀后，加水稀释至100毫升。三羟甲基氨基甲烷（TriS）分子量=121.14；（MM溶液为12.114克/升。Tris溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，使用时注意将瓶盖严。11.硼酸-硼砂缓冲液（0.2M硼酸根）PlI0.05M硼砂（毫升）0.2M硼酸（毫升）PH0.05.M硼砂（毫升）0.2M硼酸（毫升）7.41.09.08.23.56.57.61
