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1、写作专项提升第二讲写对3类复合句英英 语语增分句型增分句型1 1定语从句定语从句定语从句在高中阶段是一个较难的语法项目,因此,写作中使用一个恰到好处的定语从句,能够明显地反映出考生对于语言具有较高的掌握能力,以此来提高作文的档次。一、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as。一个使用恰当的关系代词是写好定语从句的关键,尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句。写定语从句时,找准先行词,然后选择正确的关系代词,并注意关系代词在句子中所作的成分。例如:他有一所漂亮的房子。(2022新高考卷,读后续写)You know,I run v
2、ery slowly and my running posture is ugly,which will result in others laughing at me.你知道,我跑得很慢,跑步姿势也不好看,这就会导致别人嘲笑我。(2021全国乙卷,书面表达)Online learning does harm to our eyesight,especially for those who lack self-control.在线学习对我们的视力有害,特别是对于那些缺乏自我控制的人。二、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有when,where,why,它们引导定语从句分别修饰表示时间、地点、原因的
3、先行词,并在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语,不能省略。写定语从句时,找准先行词,分析关系词在句子中所作的成分,如果作状语,就用关系副词,再判断是表示地点、时间还是原因,最后决定要用的关系副词。例如:我不会忘记我们第一次见面的那天。(2020全国卷,书面表达)Faced with the outbreak of the epidemic,she went to Wuhan without a second thought,where she helped to save hundreds of lives.面对疫情的爆发,她不假思索地去了武汉,在那里她帮助挽救了数百人的生命。(2019天津
4、卷,书面表达)The reason why I love Western music is that the piece of music named Fate Symphony by Beethoven has inspired me to move on when I am in trouble.我之所以喜欢西方音乐,是因为当我身处困境时,贝多芬的命运交响曲激励着我不断前进。三、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从句,又能引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指物时,关系代词用which;先行词指人时,关系代词用whom;关系代词whose与所修饰的名词也可一起位于
5、介词之后。介词的选用应根据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配、先行词的习惯搭配或所表达的意思来确定。(2020全国卷,书面表达)Every time I see the pictures,in which he is fighting to save peoples lives,I cannot help being moved by him.每当我看到他为救人而努力的照片时,我都忍不住被他感动。Collecting materials took us a whole week,during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of e
6、very aspect of school life.搜集材料花了我们整整一周的时间,在此期间,我们采访了我们的老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面。四、定语从句的常用句型1.as you can see in.正如你在中看到的那样As you can see in the drawing,it is windy and rainy outside,and yet the flowers in the greenhouse are at their best.正如你在图画中所看到的那样,外面刮风下雨,而温室里的花却长势良好。2.as sb put(s)it.正如某人所说的那样As our coach
7、 often puts it,everything is possible if we stick to it.正如我们教练常说的那样,只要我们坚持,一切皆有可能。3.as we all know./as is known to all.众所周知(2021浙江卷,写作)As we all know,this exhibition enables you to have a better understanding of traditional Chinese painting.众所周知,这次展览可以让你们更好地了解中国画。4.one of the+最高级+复数名词+定语从句最中的一个I sug
8、gest you apply for Peking University,one of the best universities in China that have cultivated countless brilliant talents.我建议你申请上北京大学,这是曾经培育出无数杰出人才的中国最好的大学之一。对点过关训练对点过关训练 用定语从句补全句子1.(2020新高考卷,写作)上星期天,我们学校举办了一场5千米越野赛,比赛路线从学校大门出发,一直到南山。Last Sunday,our school held a 5 km cross-country race,.2.(2020浙江
9、卷,写作)上个月,我们学校举办了英语节,我们班表演了一首你教我们的歌。Last month,an English festival was held in our school,and our class performed a song.the route of which started from our school gate to the South Mountain which/that you taught us 5.(2023广东名校高三5月模拟,书面表达)同学们高度评价这些演讲,他们从中学到很多东西。Students thought highly of the lectures
10、,.3.我推荐你选择这家宾馆的原因是它的配置很好。The reason is that it is well equipped.4.我们带领外国学生体验了正宗的茶文化,结果证明非常值得。We took the foreign students to experience the authentic tea culture,.why I recommend you to choose the hotelwhich turned out to be extremely rewarding rom which they learned a lot增分句型增分句型2 2状语从句状语从句状语从句主要包括
11、时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较和方式九类从句。一、时间状语从句常用when(当时),as(当时;一边一边;随着),while(在期间),before(在之前),after(在之后),since(自从以来),till/until(直到),by the time(that)(到时候),as soon as/the moment/the instant/immediately/directly/instantly/no sooner.than/hardly.when(一就),each/every time(每次,每当),the first time(第一次)等连词(短语)引导。(20
12、22新高考卷,读后续写)On the contrary,when he finally reached the finishing line,all the people present cheered for him.相反地,当他最终到达终点线的时候,在场的所有人都为他欢呼。(2021新高考卷,写作)Ever since I was young,my parents have exposed me to various newspapers.从我很小的时候开始,我的父母就让我接触各种报纸。(2020全国卷,书面表达)When I failed the exam last month and
13、was in low spirits,she gave me great encouragement.上个月当我考试不及格而情绪低落时,她给了我很大的鼓励。(2019北京卷,书面表达)While having dinner,I told my parents what we had done on the farm.吃晚饭时,我告诉父母我们在农场所做的事。On the eve of the Spring Festival,we make dumplings as we talk.在除夕夜,我们一边聊天,一边包饺子。We didnt realize it had been dark before
14、 we finished picking all the apples.直到把所有苹果都摘完,我们才意识到天黑了。Every time I think about the sad experience,I feel very sorry for my mother.每次想起那伤感的经历时,我就觉得非常对不起我的母亲。The first time I saw you,I realized I seemed to have met you somewhere before.第一次看见你时,我就意识到好像以前在哪里见过你。二、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有where(在地方),wherever
15、(无论何地),anywhere(在任何地方),everywhere(到处)等。(2019全国卷,书面表达)Wherever our team are training,we will try our best and we all want to be the winner.无论我们的团队在哪里训练,我们都会尽力而为,我们都希望能赢。三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词(短语)有because(因为),as(因为),since(既然),now that(既然),seeing(that)(由于),considering(that)(考虑到)等。(2021全国甲卷,书面表达)Considerin
16、g that you are interested in China,I want you to give me some advice.考虑到你对中国感兴趣,我想让你给我提些建议。(2020全国卷,书面表达)Mr.Huang is born a good English teacher because he can always make his classes so interesting and attractive that we all enjoy having English classes.黄老师天生是一个好的英语老师,因为他总是能让他的课变得如此有趣且有吸引力,以至于我们都喜欢上英语课。Most of us know her as the woman used to present the television news.我们大多数人都认识她是因为她曾主持过电视新闻节目。四、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词(短语)有if(假如),unless(除非),as/so long as(只要),on condition that(在条件下),providing/provide
