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1、英国文学选读复习资料一. Geoffrey Chaucer （1340-1400）杰弗里.乔叟时期1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed（押韵）lines in iambic pentameter（五步抑扬格）3、代表作：the Can terbury Tales坎特伯雷的故事（英国文学史的开端）人文主义先驱，the fa ther of English poe try.第一个用英语写作的诗人。二. William Shakespeare1
2、. The four great tragedies by William Shakespeare are Hamlet , Othello , King Lear , Macbeth. 四大喜剧 是 A Midsummer Nights Dream ;As you like it ；Twelfth Night ；The merchant of Venice .the period of Revolution and Restoration （17世纪）资产阶级革命与王权复辟 prose 散 文1、文学特点:the Puri tans（清 教徒）believed in simplicity o
3、f life disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry、 breaking up of old ideals.清教徒崇尚俭朴的生活、拒绝十四行诗和爱情诗、与旧思想脱离。2、代表人物：1）、John Donne 约翰.多恩 The founder of the metaphysical poets （玄学派诗人）的 代表人物代表作:Love lyrics：Songs and sonne ts.The Flea.A Valediction： forbidding morning作品特点： str ike the reader in Donnes
4、extr aordinary frankness and pene trating realism.（坦诚的态度和现实描绘） novelty of subject matter and point（新颖的题材和视角） novelty of its form.（新颖的形式）2）、John Mil ton 约翰.弥尔顿 a great poe t 诗人 poem 诗歌 blank verse was a radical puritan in politics and religion.激进清教徒分子。Defense for the English People为英国人辩护Paradise Lost
5、失乐园Satan is not a villain撒旦不是坏人Paradise Regained复乐园John Miltons three great poems are Paradise Lost_无韵诗 bland verse.故事情节 来自 Ole Tes tamen t,要知道此书的 t hem 和 Sa tan 的形象，_Paradise Regained, SafflSOnAgonistes.poetical drama）the Roman tic Period （1798-1832）浪漫主义Pre-Romanticism was greatly influenced by the
6、 Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution前浪漫主义极影响了工业革命和法国大革命。教育意义 Educational： liberty, equality and fraternity 自由，平等，博爱开始的标志：beginning with the publica tion of W订 liam WordsworthsLyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集从威廉.华兹华斯发表的抒情歌谣开始4、lake poets（湖畔诗人）：Coleridge,Robert Southey, Wordsworth5、代表人物：1）、W订liam Word
7、sworth威廉.华兹华斯poet-laureate （桂冠诗人）romanticism英国最伟大的诗人。自然的崇拜者。英国桂冠诗人。湖泊诗人消极浪漫 主义题材：nature and common peoples lives.Lyrical ballads抒情歌谣集柯勒律治合编.浪漫主义宣言书I wandered lonely as a Cloud.最重要的The Rime of the Ancient Marine老船夫。Kubla Khan忽必烈汗这 两个比拟重要点Samuel Taylor Coleridge 家 Lyrical ballads： c BilgraphiaLiterari
8、a 文学传记此作者不太重要题材：Super Nature.作品特点：simplicity and purity of the language, fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th century poetryll.Jane Austens subject matter was restricted to a narrow range of society and events, _a quiet, prosperous.middle-class circle_ in provincial surroundings.Jane
9、Aus tens novels, in order of publica tion, are Sense and Sensibi lity , Pride and Prejudice , Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德望庄园 Emma , Northanger Abbey 诺 桑觉诗.Persuasion劝导.她是中产阶级小说的发起人。13. Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱P. B. Shellys Ode to the Wes t Wind is in the form ofe_za rima_三行诗节.whose rhyme scheme is _aba.bcb.
10、cbc.ded_. 最后两行为 ee.和 Byron 拜伦是晩期的浪 漫主义。主要作品：Prome theus Unbound解放的普罗米修斯（drama）.A Defence of Poe try诗 辩Ode to her West Wind西风颂 To a Skylark致云雀。The Revolt of Islam伊斯兰的反叛。14. John Keatss many odes are looked upon as the greatest achievement in the history of English lit era tu re； among t hem are Ode t
11、o a Nigh ti ngale , Ode to Autumn , 这 个最重要Ode on a Grecian Urn .希腊古瓮颂Ode on Melancholy忧郁颂不太重要 他的诗歌没有雪莱和拜伦那么强的革命性，他的诗歌是为了缔造一个唯美的世界，为了追求 美而写作的poem “Beauty is truth, truth beauty美学原那么15. Mary Shelley玛丽雪莱长篇小说Frankenstein弗兰肯斯坦，或现代普罗米修斯恐 怖作品Critical Realism批判现实主义，Victorian Period维多利亚时期humanism人文主义1、意义：Cha
12、rtism signified the first great political movement of the proletariat in English history.在英国的历史中，宪章运动是伟大的无产阶级政治运动。2、代表人物：Alfred, Lord Tennysony主要作品是Ulysses尤利西斯，继华兹华斯被授予“桂冠诗人 的称号Robert Browning（第三位）。悼念集In MemoriamA.H.H是英国文学史上最长的，也 是和弥尔顿、雪莱齐名最伟大的挽歌诗人。Idylls of the King国王诗歌。短诗有Break,Break,Break.Crossin
13、g the bar。此人政治态度保守，作品追求形式上的完美，富于 音乐性和色彩。Charles Dickens 狄更斯 is regarded as a Criticalrealistic 批判现实主义novelist. His autobiographical novel is 一、匹克威克外传第一部长篇作品 Spicyand humorOliver Twist奥利佛，退斯特-雾都孤丿儿（描写孤儿生活）.反映小私有者悲惨生活 的 The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店 To expose the dark of the bourgeois, but have a warm cr
14、iticism to the society二、Christmas Tales 圣诞故事集 Dombey and Son 董贝父子。David Copperfield. 大卫 科波菲尔Auto biographical novel, it s the favo rite one of the author,描写了作 者的大量亲身经历。Critical the money rule of the bourgeois and the characters of the work have more social meanings.三、A Tale of Two Cities 双城记（描述 了法国大
15、革命 French Revolution）。GreatExpectation 远大前程 Hard Times 困难时事 Bleak House 荒凉山庄 Little Dorrit 小杜丽 Pickwick PapersHave less humors and the greatest significance to the social.特点：describing the misery and sufferings of common people.描述苦难和苦难的群众。Charlotte Bronte 代表作 Jane Eyre1. The criticism of the bourgeois system of education.2. The criticism of the bourgeois system of marriage.3. Equal rights.Emlly Bronte 代表作 Wuthering HeightsThe tr ansi tion from 19th to 20th century in English lit era ture 19 至 l|20世纪英国文 学的过渡期1、Aes the ticism 唯美主义 “ar t for arts sake 为艺术而艺术2、代表人物。1) Thomas Hardy 悲观主义者
