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1、英语语音基础知识 要想说好英语语音，就要有英语语音的一些基本知识。以下内容供你参考。 1关于语音的几个概念 2. 元音：3. 容易混淆的元音 4. 辅音 5. 容易混淆的辅音 6. 读音规则7. 特殊读音 8. 重音9.意群的划分 10.句子的语调 1关于语音的几个概念 1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u, 2)音标:词的语音形式。 3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。 4)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。一个元音，或一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合称为音节。m, n, l, N和辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音节。如：/ lisn / -listena
2、pple, student, teacher, understand 5)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。单元音（12）：/ i: / i / e / / / a: / / : / u / u: /: / /双元音（8）：/ ei / ai/ i / i / u / / u / au /6)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是音节的重要组成部分，英语中有28个辅音。按发音方法为：爆破音：/ p / b / t / d / k / g / 鼻音：/ m / n / N /摩擦音：/f / v / / / s / z / / / r
3、/ h / w / j /破擦音：/ / / ts / dz / tr / dr / 旁流音：/ l /按声带震动与否为：清音：/ p / t / k / f / / h / s / / /浊音：/ b / d / g / m / n / / v / / z / / / r / w / j / l /7)开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi 8)闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it 9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 2. 元音： 1)i: sea, he, see
4、, piece, ceiling 2)i sit, build, miss, myth3)e bed, desk, head,4) bad, land, bank, stamp5)a: car, fast, class, plant,calm, aunt6) hot, want7): door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught8)u: good, who, blue, soup,9)u look, put, women, could10） cup, come, blood, rough11): girl, work,
5、 serve, nurse12) cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday13)ei cake, they, play, eight, great,14)ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, eye15)u phone, cold, boat, soul, grow16)au house, town17)i boy, oil18)i dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,19) pear, care, there, fair20)u tour, p
6、oor, 3. 容易混淆的元音 1)e bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land2)i:ei real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid3)eai bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide4)au: house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause5)au found fond; gown gone; down don4. 辅音 1)p pen,pencil , point,
7、 pupil, people2)b bed, comb, bread, bring, broke, buy3)t tell,tea , team , teacher, tennis4)d day, played, wanted, desk, duck, do5)kcold, sky,quick, school, back, accept,6)g big, go, guess, language, glass,grass7)m man,many, more, monkey, money, may8)n nine, knife, autumn, nice, not, nose9) bank, En
8、glish, sing, thing, think10)l land,world,lots,leaf, lovely,listen11)r read, write, red, repeat, wrong,ring12)f five, cough, laugh13)v voice, of, love, lovely, save, live14) think,thing, three, thirty, th15) this, mother, brother, their,there16)s sit, miss, science, case, scarf17)z zoo, close,rose, n
9、ose, zero18) sure, she, social, nation,station19) pleasure,treasure20)h hot, who, hour, him, his, whose21)w wall, what, water, which, well22)j yes, year, yesterday, yellow, yet23)t child, teach, catch,children24) joke, bridge,orange, judge,cage25)ts boatscoats sits goats, shirts26)dz goods birds bed
10、s feeds needs27)tr tree trip true trousers28)dr dream drive driver dress drop5. 容易混淆的辅音 1)v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well2)s sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math3)z closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes4)n thin thing; sin sing; ban bang ; win wing; ran rang6. 读音规则 1)重读
11、音节(见元音和辅音的例句) 2)非重读音节 banana, student, today, after, i orange, secret, evening, very, Monday 7. 特殊读音 1)音的连读：1 辅音 + 元音要连读。如：Take a look at it.I love you and all.not at all, half an hour, 2 末尾有字母r的词，在短语或句子中和以元音开始的词相邻时，r要读出音来，并和后面的元音连读。如：There is a pair of shoes. after all3 在意群有停顿时，不连读。如：Shall we meet
12、at eight tonight / or ten oclock tomorrow?2)失去爆破：good girl, good student, extremegood job, expression, school, 3) 不完全爆破： 在某些情况下，发爆破音p,b,t,d,k,g时，气流不必冲破阻碍，而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，并稍作停顿，这样的爆破音称为不完全的爆破音。主要有下列几种情况：1 爆破音p,b,t,d,k,g相邻时，前面一个发不完全爆破音。如：have a bad cold todayh v b (d) k ul(d) t dei2 爆破音p,b,t,d,k,g在 ,
13、前面时。如:Have you read the book about that child?h v ju re(d) buk bau(t) (t) aild ?3 t,d 在m, n, l, s的前面时，发生壁画、旁流、破擦等现象。如：Good morning! Good night! I dont know. I cant say.I would like to go.4.s后的清辅音要读为相对的浊辅音 /sp/_ /sb/ speak sports /sk/_ /sg/ school skate /str/_/sdr/ street strain4) 音的同化：this year, Would you do it? Cant you see it? 8. 重音1)单词重音A)双音节词a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter, sorryb)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音。about, believe, address, decide, report, condemn, re
