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1、Section A Grammar Focus-4cUnit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?R九年级全一册九年级全一册Learning objects（学习目（学习目标）标）By the end of the class,you will be able to:1.Learn to use the passive voice of the present tense.2.Learn the following key words:boss,Germany,surface,material,traffic,postman,cap,gloveReview and fill in t
2、he blanks.1.你的衬衫是棉制的吗？你的衬衫是棉制的吗？_yourshirts_cotton?是的，而且它们产于美国。是的，而且它们产于美国。Yes,theyare.Andtheywere_theUS.2.飞机模型是由什么制成？飞机模型是由什么制成？_themodelplane_of?它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。Itsmadeof_and_.madeinAremadeofWhatsmadeusedwoodglass3.茶产自中国哪里？茶产自中国哪里？_tea_inChina?茶产自很多不同的地区。茶产自很多不同的地区。Itsproducedinmany_.Where
3、isproduceddifferentareas4.在杭州人们种植茶叶。在杭州人们种植茶叶。People_inHangzhou./Tea_(bypeople)inHangzhou.growteaisgrown5.茶是如何制成的？茶是如何制成的？_istea_?茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。摘下来，然后送去加工。Teaplants_onthesidesofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,they_byhandandthen_forprocessing.Howproducedaregro
4、wnarepickedaresentGrammar FocusAreyourshirtsmadeofcotton?Yes,theyare.AndtheyweremadeintheUS.Whatsthemodelplanemadeof?Itsmadeofusedwoodandglass.WhereisteaproducedinChina?Itsproducedinmanydifferentareas.看句子看句子 找规律找规律Howisteaproduced?Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,theyarep
5、ickedbyhandandthenaresentforprocessing.ActiveVoice:PeoplegrowteainHangzhou.PassiveVoice:Teaisgrown(bypeople)inHangzhou.被动语态被动语态当当主语主语为为动作的执行者动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为时，谓语的形式为主动语态主动语态；当当主语主语为为动作的承受者动作的承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态定义定义eg:Many people speak English.English is spoken by many people.动
6、作的执行者动作的执行者动作的动作的承受者承受者构成构成be动词动词及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词有人称、时态和数的变化有人称、时态和数的变化句型句型1.肯定句肯定句:主语主语+be动词动词+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词(+by).The news is published by the government.2.否定句否定句:主语主语+be动词动词+not+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 (+by).The news isnt published by the government.3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be动词动词+主语主语+及物动词的过去及物动词的过去分分词词(+
7、by)?Is the news published by the government?4.特殊疑问句：疑问词特殊疑问句：疑问词+be动词动词+主语主语+及物动词的及物动词的过去分词过去分词(+by)?When is the news published by the government?主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的方法A recorder is often used in our English class(by us).1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。We often use a recorder in our English
8、class.宾语宾语主语主语We often use a recorder in our English class.谓语谓语2.把谓语变成被动结构（把谓语变成被动结构（be动词动词+及物动词的过及物动词的过 去分词）。去分词）。A recorder is often used in our English class(by us).一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态3.把主动语态中的主语放在介词把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，之后作宾语，若主语是人称代词，将主格改为宾格，有时宾语若主语是人称代词，将主格改为宾格，有时宾语 可省略。可省略。We often use a reco
9、rder in our English class.A recorder is often used in our English class(by us).4.在主动语态句中动词在主动语态句中动词make,have,let,see,watch,hear,feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不 定式不加定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加 上上to。例如：例如：(1)Thebossmakesthemworktenhoursaday.(2)Tomletshislittlesisterwaterflowers
10、everyday.Theyaremadetoworktenhoursaday.HislittlesisterislettowaterflowerseverydaybyTom.5.如果主句中有两个宾语（间接宾语和直接如果主句中有两个宾语（间接宾语和直接宾语），可以将其中任何一个变成被动句的主语。宾语），可以将其中任何一个变成被动句的主语。常用双宾语的动词：常用双宾语的动词：show/give/offer/send/bring/lend/teach/buy例如：例如：The teacher gives the pupils some advice.直接宾语直接宾语间接宾语间接宾语Thepupils
11、aregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.Someadviceisgiventothepupilsbytheteacher.宾变主，主变宾，宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，谓语动词变被动，be后后“过分过分”来使用。来使用。被动语态的基本用法被动语态的基本用法1.当不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者时，可以不当不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者时，可以不 用用by短语。短语。Most of his money is spent on the car.2.当动作的执行者是谈话的中心时，可以用当动作的执行者是谈话的中心时，可以用by短语。短语。Chinese
12、 is learned by more and more foreigners.3.强调动作的承受者时。强调动作的承受者时。A lot of trees are planted every spring.一、把下列句子变为含被动语态的句子。一、把下列句子变为含被动语态的句子。1.Mr.Li corrects the students homework every morning.The students homework is corrected by Mr.Li every morning.2.People play basketball all over the world.Basketb
13、all is played by people all over the world.主语主语主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语谓语谓语宾语宾语练一练练一练3.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmates.Heisoftenseentohelphisclassmates.4.Thetreescoverthewholemountain.5.Theteacherstakecareofthechildren.Thewholemountainiscoveredbythetrees.Thechildrenaretakencareofbytheteachers.1.Theygrowteaplants
14、onthesidesofmountains.(改为被动语态改为被动语态)Teaplants_onthesidesofmountains.2.Sheisallowedtohangoutwithherfriendsonweekends.(改为否定句改为否定句)She_tohangoutwithherfriendsonweekends.aregrownisntallowed二、根据要求改写句子。二、根据要求改写句子。3.ThreequartersofthebooksarewritteninEnglish.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_threequartersofthebooks_inEngli
15、sh?Arewritten4.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.(改为同义句改为同义句)Abirthdaypresent_bymyparentseveryyear.is given tome三、单项选择。三、单项选择。1.Moretrees_everyyeartomakeourcitygreener.A.isplantedB.areplantedC.wasplantedD.wereplanted2.I_TVonSunday.ButonweekdaysIcant.A.amallowedwatchB.amallowedtowatchC.all
16、owwatchD.allowtowatch3.Toomuchtime_oncomputergamesbymostteenagerseveryday.Andtheirparentsareworriedabouttheirhealthandstudy.A.spendsB.isspentC.hasspentD.spending4.Chinese_bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.isspokenB.speakC.speakingD.spoken4aComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.1.Childrenunder18_(notallow)towatchthisshowwithouttheirparents.2.We_(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.arentallowedarepaid3.A:Whatlanguage_(speak)inGermany?B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,b
