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1、汽车术语及定义一、车辆类型一 GB/T 3730.1881汽车一motor vehicle.2货车（载货汽车）一motor truck.3微型货车一mini truck.4轻型货车一light truck.5中型货车一medium truck.6. 重型货车一heavy truck.7. 越野汽车一off-road vehicle.8轻型越野汽车一light offroad vehicle.9. 中型越野汽车一medium offroad vehicle.10. 重型越野汽车一heavy offroad vehicle.11. 超重型越野汽车一extra heavy offroad vehic
2、le.12 .自卸汽车一dump truck.13. 轻型自卸汽车一light dump truck.14. 中型自卸汽车一medium dump truck.15. 重型自卸汽车一heavy dump truck.16. 矿用自卸汽车一mining dump truck.17 .牵引汽车一towing vehicle.18. 半挂牵引汽车一semi-trailer towing vehicle.19. 全挂牵引汽车一full-trailer towing vehicle.20. 专用汽车一special purpose vehicle.21厢式汽车一 van.22. 罐式汽车一tanker.
3、23. 起重举升汽车一crane/lift truck.24 专用自卸汽车一special tipper.25. 仓栅式汽车一box/stake truck.26. 特种结构汽车一special construction vehicle.27客车一bus.28 微型客车一mini-bus.29. 轻型客车一light bus.30. 中型客车一medium bus.31 .中型城市客车一medium city bus.32. 中型长途客车一medium intercity bus.33. 中型旅游客车一medium sightseeing bus.34. 中型团体客车一medium priva
4、te bus.35大型客车一large bus.36大型城市客车一large city bus.37.大型长途客车一large intercity bus.38大型旅游客车一large sightseeing bus.39大型团体客车一large private bus.40.特大型客车一extra bus.41 .铰接客车一articulated bus.42双层客车一doubledeck bus.43. 轿车一passenger car.44微型轿车一minicar .45 普通级轿车一subcompact car.46 .中级轿车一compact car.47 .中高级轿车一interm
5、ediate car.48.高级轿车一limousine car.49 半挂车一semi-trailer.50. 轻型半挂车一light semi-trailer.51. 中型半挂车一medium semi-trailer.52. 重型半挂车一heavy semi-trailer.53.超重型半挂车一extra heavy semi-trailer.二、车辆质量一GB/T 3730.2-921底盘干质量一chassis dry mass;2底盘整备质量一chassis kerb mass;3底盘与驾驶室干质量一chassis and cab dry mass;4底盘与驾驶室整备质量一chass
6、is and cab kerb mass;5整车干质量一complete vehicle dry mass;6. 整车整备质量一complete vehicle kerb mass;7. 最大总质量一maximum total mass;8厂定最大总质量一maximummanufacturers total mass;9允许最大总质量一maximum authorized total mass;10. 最大装载质量一maximum laden mass;11. 厂定最大装载质量一maximum manufacturers laden mass;12. 允许最大装载质量一maximum auth
7、orized laden mass;13. 最大轴载质量一maximum axle laden mass;14厂定最大轴载质量一maximum manufacturers axle laden mass;15允许最大轴载质量一maximum authorized axle laden mass;16. 最大拖挂质量一maximum towed mass;17 厂定最大拖挂质量一manufacturers maximumtowed mass;18 允许最大拖挂质量一authorized maximum towed mass;19 .汽车列车最大总质量一maximum total mass of
8、train;20. 汽车列车厂定最大总质量一maximum manufacturers total mass of train;21. 汽车列车允许最大总质量一maximum authorized total mass of train;22. 铰接车最大总质量一maximum of an articulated vehicle;三、车辆尺寸一GB/T 3730.3921.车长一vehicle length;2汽车长一motor vehicle length;3全挂车长一full trailer length;4半挂车长一semi- trailer length;5车宽一vehicle wid
9、th;6车高（无装载质量）一vehicle height（unladen）;7轴距一wheel space;8汽车及全挂车轴距一motor vehicle or full trailer wheel space;9半挂车轴距一semi-trailer wheel space;10. 轮距一track;11前悬一f ront overhang;12后悬一rear overhang;13 .最小离地间隙一ground clearance;14 纵向通过角一ramp angle;15接近角一approach angle;16 .离去角一departure angle;17. 车架高度一height
10、of chassis above ground:18驾驶室后车架最大可用长度（带驾驶室的车辆）一 maximumusablelengthofchassisbehindcab（vehicle with cab）;19 车身长度一bodywork length;20.轿车和客车车身长一bodywork length of passenger car and bus;21 .带有驾驶室的底盘上的车身长度一bodywork length of chassis with drivers cab;22车箱（厢）内部最大尺寸一maximum internal dimensions of body;23. 牵
11、引架长一draw gear length;24 .牵引杆长一drawbar length ;25. 牵弓 |装置的位置一position of towing attachment;26. 牵引装置高度一height of towing attachment;27. 牵弓 |装置前置距一distance of towing attachment in front of rear of vehicle;28 .牵引座前置距一fifth-wheel lead;29 长度计算用牵引座前置距一fifth-wheel lead for calculation of length;30.质量分配计算用牵引座
12、前置距一fifth-wheel lead for calculation of mass distribution;31 牵引座结合高度一height of coupling face;32 .牵引装置至车辆前端的距离一distance between towing device and front end of towing vehicle;33牵引座牵引销孔至车辆前端的距离一distance betweenfifth-wheel coupling pin andfront end oftowing vehicle;34半挂牵弓 |车后回转半径一rear fitting radius of
13、semi-trailer towing vehicle;35. 半挂车间隙半径一rear tractor clearance radius of semi-trailer;36半挂车前回转半径一front fitting radius of semi-trailer;37车轮外倾一camber angle;38 主销内倾一kingpin inclination;39 主销偏移距一kingpin offset;40.前束一toe-in;41 主销后倾距一castor;42 .车轮铅垂动行程一vertical clearance of wheel;43车轮提升高度一lift of wheel;44
14、. 转弯直径一turning circle diameters;45转弯通道圆一turning clearance circles.四、轿车车身术语一JB365384（一）、设计术语1车身一body; body assembly.2车身本体一body shell; main body.3车身机构一mechanical hard ware of body.4车身覆盖件一cover panel; body outer panel.5车身结构件一structural member; body structure.6.非承载式车身一body chassis frame construction; se
15、parate frame construction.7承载式车身一unitary construction body; unit body construction; integral body; panel structure body.8折背式车身一pontoon type; notch back body; threebox type body.9直背式车身一fast back body; two-box type body.10. 舱背式车身一hatch back body; twobox type body.11. 短背式车身一cutoff back body; twobox type body.12. 客厢一passenger compartment.13. 发动机舱一engine compartment.14行李箱一trunk; luggage compartment; luggage hold.15. 车身前部一front body.16
