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1、Reading Comprehension how to make inferences Teaching aim:To improve the students ability of make inferencesTeaching procedures:Step One: Lead-in1. How much time do you usually spend on this exam item? 2. 解读2011年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：、理解语篇主旨要义 ；
2、、理解文中具体信息； 、根据上下文推断生词的词义；、作出简单判断和理解；、理解文章的基本结构；、理解作者的意图和态度; 7 、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作关键词词语转换 。3How many question types are there in this exam item? 事实细节型；词义猜测型；推理判断型；主旨大意型Step Two: Finding out ways Give students a sample and then help them get the relative ways to solve each question type. Then
3、let them do some practice.1. How to infer the implied meanings(推断隐含意义)【Sample】 It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside wi
4、ll die. You can tell that rocks _.(B)A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea animalsC. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches【解题技巧】 1.全面分析2.忠实原文3.不选表层信息【Practice】1). (2010江苏B)The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by peopleEven if wilderness land is not used
5、 directly for human needs, the wolves cant always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm. Then there is danger. The“big bad wolf”has arrived! And everyone knows what happens nextThe last sentence“ And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases
6、.(B)Afarm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped awayBwolves will kill people and people will in turn kill themCwolves will find enough food sources on farmsDpeople will leave the areas where wolves can live2). (2010全国卷II A）One day, as I was getting her food, Brownie chewed up(咬破) one of D
7、ads shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl.” She looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie _.(B)A. wou
8、ld eat anything when hungry B. felt sorry for her mistake C. loved playing hide-and-seek D. disliked the authors dad2. How to infer the authors opinion and attitudes(推断作者观点或态度)作者观点态度题的解题方法：作者的态度和立场一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。同学们除了可以通过在文中寻找带有感情色彩的词来判断作者的态度外，有时还需要综合运用一些阅读方法，如：根据文章中与问题相关的细节做出判断，
9、根据作者提供的例证推断其暗示的态度、观点，有时还需要同学们通读全文并把握文章的主旨，最后做出正确选择。【Sample】Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly, I am sick of all the bad news.This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.(A)A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. i
10、nform【解题技巧】1.注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子2.推断出作者的弦外之音3.站在作者的立场或角度【描述作者态度的词】 objective; neutral; subjective; positive; negative; critical; pessimistic; optimistic; approving; disapproving; indifferent; ironic下面我们以高考题为例，具体分析作者观点态度题的解题方法。【Practice】例1： On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of
11、 my fathers friends for lunch at an outdoor caf. We walked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate at the street table, and lauded over my sons funny facial expressions. Gone was my fathers critical(挑剔的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and i
12、nteresting to be around? What had held him back before? (2008年全国卷I A篇)58. What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson? A. More critical. B. More talkative. C. Gentle and friendly. D. Strict and hard-working.【解析】本题问作者对父亲的看法。A更挑剔了；B更健谈了；C温和而友好；D严厉而且勤奋。此题需要从文章的细节描写着手找到答案。根据“Gone
13、was my fathers critical(挑剔的)air and strict rules”和“who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around”这两句可推知作者感觉父亲不像从前那么严厉、难以相处了，父亲现在看起来友好而且有趣。答案选C。例2： People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountai
14、ns to learn how to climb, youre wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆).How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and a harness (保护带) around your chest to hold you. A beginners wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. The most difficul
15、t part is to control your fear. Climbing attracts people because its good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger. (2008年安徽卷C篇) 67. Why does the author write this passage?A. To tell people where to find gyms.B. To prove the basic need for climbing.C. To encourage people to climb mountains.D. To introduce the sport of wall climb
