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1、初中英语语法学习之时态高频考点四种时态与时间状语（1）一般现在时。1）除单数第三人称外，谓语皆用动词原形表示，包括：经常（习惯性）的行为：He listens to the radio every day现在的状态：They look fine客观真理和事实：The earth goes around the sun常用时间状语；often，always，sometimes，usually，once aweek（month），every day（year），on Sunday等。2）歌诀：“是”有几变要记清， “am，is are”共 三种。“do型”“单三”加s， 其它一律用原形。还有hav
2、e和has， 人称不可胡乱用。表“有”还有there be， be要随着主语定。现在经常反复事， 主语能力或特征。定律、规律和真理， “时、地、条件从句中”。3）行前系（助）后sometimes，usually，always，often常用于行为动词之前，系、助动词之后。如；He often walks very slowlyHe doesnt often walk very slowlyHe is often very angry（2）现在进行时。1）由be的现在时形式现在分词构成。表示：说话时刻正在进行的行为：He is writing a book now现阶段正在进行的行为：He is
3、 writing a book thesedays常见时间状语；now，these days（years）等。2）歌诀：进行时，很好记： be加“动词ing”，be表时态“现、过去”， 形式随着主语易。某点阶段用进行， 动词必是延续性，动词若是非延续， 最近将来时常用。（3）一般将来时。1）表示将来的行为或状态，可由下列方式表示：shall（will）原形动词：He will be fifteen next yearbe going to原形动词：Hes going to buy a car soonbe动作动词（go，come，leave，start）ing形式to be to原形动词：Th
4、ese children are to go toschool next termto be about原形动词：The meeting is about to be-gin对照区分：He will leave home tomorrow他明天将离开家。He is going to leave home tomorrow他打算明天离开家。He is leaving home tomorrow他明天就要离开家了。2）歌诀：事情在将来， “一次”或“经常”。shall和will， 加在“原形”上，还可来表示， “必然”或“倾向”。3）口语用be going to来表示人的主观上的意愿和打算、人对一
5、种必须或趋势的主观判断以及一个在眼前即将发生的动作。换句话讲，与人的主观愿望或判断无关的，客观上将来必要发生的事情一般不用be going to，而用shall或 will。有时还可以用“beabout”表示即将发生的行为，请看歌诀：啥事即将要发生， 不带主观和感情，常用句型有一个， 用be加上about。（4）一般过去时。1）用动词的过去式表示。包括：过去经常的行为（或状态）：He wrote to me twice amonth过去某次的行为（或状态）：He wrote to me last Tues-day常用时间状语：yesterday（yesterday morning），lastw
6、eek（year），ago（如three years ago），this mroning（Monday），then，at that time等。2）歌诀：be用was或用were， Have，has变had。“Do”型正规加ed， 若是特殊得硬记。事情发生在过去， 经常、反复或连续，时间可长也可短， 动词时态用“过去”。时态的呼应英语中的时态呼应(the sequence of tenses)就是在主句时态为“非现在时”时，从句的时态必须与主句相呼应。其规则如下： 1.主句谓语为现在时或者将来时态，从句中的谓语时态可以不受影响，即按照意思决定时态。如：It is reported that t
7、hey are building a new railway. Will you please tell us how you got to know it? 2.如果主句谓语为过去时，则从句谓语的时态要做相应改变。 (1)一般现在时改为一般过去时，如：I dont know where they live. I didnt know where they lived. (2)现在进行时改为过去进行时，如：He wants to know how youre doing. He wanted to know how you were doing. (3)现在完成时改为过去完成时，如:I won
8、der if they have got a reply. I wondered if they had got a reply. (4)现在完成进行时改为过去完成进行时，如:I know you have been worrying about us. I knew you had been worrying about us. (5)一般将来时改为过去将来时，如:I hope she will find a job soon. I hoped she would find a job soon. (6)将来进行时改为过去将来进行时，如：I think she will be playing
9、 golf this time on Sunday. I thought she would be playing golf this time on Sunday. (7)将来完成时改为过去将来完成时，如：I expect he will have changed his mind by tomorrow. I expected he would have changed his mind by tomorrow. (8) 将来完成进行时改为过去将来完成进行时，如：She will have been teaching in this university for 20 years by t
10、his summer. She told me that she had been teaching in this university for 20 years by this summer条件现在时A 条件现在时由wouldshould+动词原形构成（用于第一人称），或由would+动词原形构成（用于其他人称）:肯定式： I wouldId workI should work you wouldyoud work等否定式： I would notwouldnt work或I should notshouldnt work you would notwouldnt work等疑问式： wo
11、uldshould I work？ would you work？等否定疑问式： should I notshouldnt I work？ would you notwouldnt you work？等B 这种形式用于：（a）条件句中。（b）would和should的特殊用法中。（c）过去将来时。当主句的主要动词是过去时的时候，从句中就必须用 wouldshould而不用 willshall：I hope（that） I willshall succeed我希望我会成功。I hoped（that） I wouldshould succeed我曾希望我会成功。I know（that） he will be in time我知道他会赶得上的。I knew（that） he would be in time我当时知道他会赶得上的。He thinks（that） they will give him a visa他想他们会给他签证。He thought（that） they would give him a visa他本想他们会给他签证。I expect（that）the plane will be diverted我料想飞机会改变航线。I expected（that）the plane would be diverted我本料想飞机会改变航线。学科网（北京）股份有限公司
