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1、工程管理专业毕业论文文件翻译中英文比较河北建筑工程学院毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别:管理系专业:工程管理班级:管072姓名:学号:2007310223外文出处:ProjectManagersSpotlightonRiskManagementKimHeldman附件:1、外文原文;2、外文资料翻译译文。指导教师考语:签字:年代日DefiningRiskResponsePlansYouveidentifiedyourrisks,analyzedthemfortheirimpactsontheproject,assignedprobabilitiesandimpactvalues,determi
2、nedanexpectedvalue,andrankedtheminorder.Youvealsodeterminedwhichoftherisks,givenallthoseconditions,requireresponseplans.Thischapterdiscusseswhatriskresponseplansare,thetechniquesfordevelopingresponseplans,andhowtodocumentandwriteplansforthoserisksthathaveahighprobabilityandhighimpactontheproject.Let
3、sgettoit.RiskResponsePlanningRiskResponsePlanningistheprocessofdecidingwhatactionstotaketoeducethreats(especiallytoscheduleandcost)whiletakingadvantageofheopportunitiesotherriskspresent.Typically,youllwanttodevelopriskresponseplansforriskswiththepotentialforhighprobabilityandhighimpact.Itisntefficie
4、nttospenttimewritingresponseplansforrisksyouvedeterminedarentlikelytooccurandwontimpacttheprojectsignificantlyiftheydo.Forexample,ifImbuildingatouristcenterintheMojaveDesert,Iwouldntspendtimeonariskresponseplanforthepossibilityofrain(ItdoesrainintheMojaveanaverageof2.5inchesperyear),sothepossibility
5、exists,butitshighlyunlikelyitwouldimpactmyproject.Illdealwiththesetypesofrisksinthe“ContingencyPlanning”sectionalittlelaterinthischapter.Rememberthatriskmanagementplanning,includingthedevelopmentofriskresponseplans,isntaone-timeexercise.Asyouprogressthroughtheprojectandlearnmoreaboutpotentialriskeve
6、nts,youllreevaluatetheirimpacts,whichmayrequireachangeinstrategytodealwiththeriskandaneworrevisedresponseplan.AndeventhoughIvefocusedprimarilyonrisksthatpreventyoufrommeetingthegoalsoftheproject,dontforgetthatriskscanproduceopportunities.UncertainCertaintyOnethingiscertain:yourprojectdoeshaverisks,a
7、ndifyouchoosetoignorethem,yourprojectwillhaveanuncertainoutcome.Allprojectriskiscloselylinkedwiththeavailabilityofinformationandcommunication,orthelackthereof,asIThevetalkedaboutpreviously.moreinformationyouhave,themorelikelyyoureabletopredicttheriskeventanditsimpacts.Andthebetteryoureabletopredictr
8、iskimpacts,thebetteryoullbeatcreatingriskresponseplans.Whenthinkingaboutriskresponseplans,keepinmindthatriskout-comesgenerallyfallintothreecategories:* Knownriskswithpredictableoutcomes* Knownriskswithuncertainoutcomes* UnknownriskswithunpredictableoutcomesThesearefairlystraightforward.Aknownriskiss
9、omethingyouknowhasthepotentialtohappen.Thetermpredictableoutcomesimpliesyouknowwithreasonablecertaintywhattheimpactsandoutcomesoftheriskeventswouldbeiftheyoccurred.Unpredictableoutcomesareimpactsandconsequencesoftheriskeventthatarentfullyidentifiedorknown.Letsuseasimpleexampletoexplaineachoftheseout
10、comes.Youvedecidedtopaintyourgaragedoorthisweekend.Oneriskthatcouldkeepyoufromcompletingthisprojectistheweather.NoproblemyoucruisetheInternetandcheckoutthelocalforecast,whichpredictsclearandsunnyskies,withlittlepossibilityofshowers.Youhavethemeanstolearnabouttheweather(theInternetsite)andtodetermine
11、thecertaintyoftheimpact(a10percentchanceofshowers).Thatmeansyouknow,withpredictablecertainty,thatthisriskhasalowchanceofoccurring.Knownriskswithuncertainoutcomesaremoredifficultbecause,well,theiroutcomesarentcertain.However,theamountofuncertaintycouldvary.Youmay,forexample,knowitsgoingtorainbutnotkn
12、owwhenitllstartorhowlongitllcontinue.Whenyoufacingprojectriskswithuncertainoutcomes,Irecommendlearningeverythingyoucanabouttheriskanditspossibleimpacts.(Sincethereimpactsareunpredictable,thisisninterviewtalwayspossible.)Youshouldstakeholders,researchpastprojects,andtrytomoveasfarfromtheuncertaintyen
13、dofthespectrumasyoucan.Themoreyouknow,thebetter.Thelastbulletlistedpreviously,unknownriskswithunpredictableout-comes,saysyoudontknowabouttheriskandyoudontknowaboutitsimpacts.Itsanunknownriskwithanunknownoutcome.Supposeyourehappilypaintingawayandarethree-quartersfinishedwhenaflockofgeesehappenstoflyr
14、ightoveryourhouse.Youguessedit.Anunknownriskwithanunpredictableoutcomehasoccurred.Manyprojectdecisionsaremadewithoutbenefitofknowingallthefacts,andriskanalysisisnoexception.Risk,afterall,isprimarilyaboutuncertainty.Analyzingtheriskstellsyouaboutthepossibleoutcomesfortherisk,andtheresponseplanaddresseshowtodealwiththoseoutcomes.Thegreateryourcertaintyoftheoutcome,theeasieritwillbetodevelopresponseplans.Forexample,ifyouknowrainis
