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1、2022高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit5Meetingyourancestors含解析新人教版选修8 一、阅读理解。Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.Ethos is a speakers wa
2、y of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One mon way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman
3、.Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote
4、 for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convin
5、cing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a mercial or listen to a fri
6、end try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.1.What is the purpose of persuasion?A. To advise somebody to support you.B. To help someone have special skillC. To convince somebody to realize his aim.D. To talk someone into being honest.
7、2.What is a speakers way of convincing the audience to trust him?A. Pathos.B. Ethos.C. Logos.D. Education.3.What do a politician and an animal charity have in mon?A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B. Both save people from terrible wars.C. Both make the audience support them.D. Both persuade
8、 people to donate money.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Convince the AudienceB. Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC. Believe MeD. Strength of Persuasion【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Persua
9、sion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to acplish.”可知，说服是为了建议人们支持你。故选A。3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from aterrible war.
10、”和最后一句“Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.”可知，政治家可能会说他会独自一人从可拍的战争中挽救一个国家为了说服观众为他投票，动物慈善机构向观众展示受伤的猫或者狗的图片是为了让观众感到可怜，更可能捐款。因此可知，政治家和慈善机构的共同之处是他们都想让听众支持他们。故选C。4.B 【解析】标题判断题。纵观全文
11、可知，文章主要介绍了说服人的艺术，包括ethos、pathos、logos三中不同的方式，以及这三种方式在各个领域应用的可能性。因此推断B项“说服的三种基本方式”为最佳标题，概况了文章中心主旨。故选B。二、单句语法填空。1They _(interrupt) by a sudden and urgent knock at the door.答案：were interrupted表示过去发生的动作，且主语they与interrupt之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，填were interrupted。2We have no alternative but _(sell) our hous
12、e to pay the debt.答案：to sellhave no alternative but to do . “除之外别无选择，只能做”。3It is generally _(assume) that stress is caused by too much work.答案：assumedIt is assumed that . “普遍认为”。4We should bear in mind that teamwork is of great _ (significant) to both our society and ourselves.答案：significanceof grea
13、t significancevery significant “意义重大/非常重要”。5Once _(arrest), he was likely to betray everything to the police.答案：arrestedarrest与其逻辑主语he之间为被动关系，故用过去分词在句中作状语。6If only I _ (look) ahead a few days ago! Then I wouldnt have been feeling so worried now.答案：had looked由语境和句子结构可判断if only后应用虚拟语气；由时间状语a few days
14、ago 可知表示与过去事实相反，故应填had looked。look ahead “向前看；为将来打算”。7This is a historic building _(date) back to the 17th century.答案：datingdate back todate from表示“追溯到”，无进行时，无被动语态，句中已有谓语动词is，且building和date back to存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故应填现在分词dating作后置定语。8I am fed up _this weather; its time we had some sunshine.答案：withbe fed u
15、p with “受够了；厌烦”。9Sometimes we went ahead and did it, regardless _the consequences.答案：ofregardless of “不管；不顾”。10While working out the problem, you should pay more attention to the _(accurate)答案：accuracy由空格前的冠词the可知，此处填名词形式。三、完形填空。It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help will _1_ out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired，and _2_ to climb further.With a broad _3_，he asked if I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed(瘫痪) in both legs and was _4_ funds for some operation.He said that if operated
