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1、59中国矿业大学2007届本科生毕业设计第 页摘 要本设计从下达任务起,经过现场调查和查阅文献资料入手,历经三个月的时间完成。在设计中,首先根据课题所要求的技术参数确定机床设计中所需要的参数,即原动机的功率、机床主轴箱的转速数列公比;然后确定机床主轴箱的主传动系统结构,拟订机床的结构网和转速图;查资料,根据转速图确定机床内的各个主要零件的计算转速,根据计算转速确定各级传动的传动比,根据传动比来确定各级传动的齿轮配合的齿轮齿数。根据机床主轴箱的传动链来计算各级转速的实际值与理论值之间的误差。在设计中主要是要计算主轴箱里各个零件的选用是否满足要求以及原动机与主轴箱间的动力传递装置的计算。主轴箱的计
2、算包括摩擦离合器的校核、齿轮的校核、轴的校核、轴承的校核、键的校核、主轴的校核计算等。原动机与主轴箱的动力传递采用的是带传动装置。最后根据资料和参考同类机床来设计计算机床的电气和液压系统,并绘制其原理图。关键词:转速数列; 公比; 结构网; 转速图; 计算转速; 转速数列公比。ABSTRACTThis design from descend to reach mission to rise, investigate and check cultural heritage data to commence through the spot, experience successively tim
3、e to complete for three month. In the design, first according to the technique parameter requested by topic assurance the tool machine design in the parameter needed, namely the power, tool machine principal axis box of prime mover turn soon few rows Mr. a ratio; Then make sure a tool machine princi
4、pal axis the lord of the box to spread to move system structure, draw up the structure net of tool machine and turn soon diagram; Check data, turn soon according to the calculation of each main spare parts turned soon diagram an assurance inside tool machine, turn soon certain all levels and spread
5、and spread and move a ratio dynamically according to the calculation, according to spread and move ratio and spread number of teeth that the dynamic wheel gear matches with a number to the certain all levels. According to tool machine principal axis box the error margin of which spread to move a cha
6、in to compute all levels to turn soon actual value and theories value. At mainly need to compute a principal axis box to choose to use in each spare parts in the design whether satisfy to request and prime mover and principal axis box of the motive deliver the calculation of device. The calculation
7、of principal axis box includes the school of the school pit, principal axis of the school pit, key of the school pit, bearings of the school pit, stalk of school pit, wheel gear of rubbing the clutch to calculate calculate etc.The motive of the prime mover and principal axis boxs delivering taking t
8、o spread to move device is adoptive. Finally according to data and make reference to the same kind tool machine to design electricity and liquid of computing the tool machine to press system, and draw its principle diagram. Keywords: Turn soon few rows; Mr. Ratio; Structure net; tachogram; the calcu
9、lation turns soon; Turning soon few words Mr. a ratio. 目 录1前言 11.1轴承环卡盘多刀车床的用途 11.2机床的总体布局 11.3机床的主要技术参数 12国内外卡盘多刀车床分析比较 22.1 国内外同类机床结构的分析比较 22.2 国内外同类机床结构和精度的分析比较 32.2.1 结构特点 32.2.2 精度比较 43机床的运动设计 43.1主轴极限转速的确定 43.2转速数列公比的确定 53.3主轴转速级数的确定 63.4主电机功率的确定 63.5主传动系统的拟定 73.6主轴箱的结构设计 83.7确定各轴的计算转速 93.8确定各
10、级传动的传动比 93.9查表确定各配对齿轮齿数 103.10三角胶带带轮直径计算 103.11各级转速的实际值 123.12转速误差 134主要零件的设计计算 144.1三角胶带的传动设计计算 144.2传动装置的运动、动力参数的计算 164.3摩擦片离合器的计算 174.4齿轮的计算 184.4.1齿轮模数的估算 184.4.2齿轮模数的验算 194.5齿轮传动的校核计算 254.6传动轴的计算 334.6.1传动轴的直径估算 334.6.2传动轴的校核计算 344.7主轴的计算 444.7.1主轴轴颈及合理跨距 444.7.2主轴弯曲刚度验算 445主轴箱的结构设计 506液压系统的计算
11、517电气系统的设计 52参考文献 55致谢 561 前言1.1轴承环卡盘多刀车床的用途轴承环卡盘多刀半自动车床是适合大批量生产的大功率、高效率的半自动车床。它主要用于轴承环的车削加工,也可用于加工盘类、短轴类、套类等零件。在该机床上可以采用多把刀具同时加工零件,也可采用仿形刀架加工各种成形表面。该机床由电器、液压联合控制,可实现自动工作循环。因此,可较容易地联入自动线中。1.2机床的总体布局机床为卧式布局,共有两个刀架,前刀架水平布置,上刀架垂直布置。这样布置刀架装卸工件方便,便于排屑和观察加工过程,便于更换刀具等。液压系统结构简单,调整维修方便,可靠性高。前、上刀架均可搬转一定角度以便车削
12、锥度。刀架的行程长度由死挡铁控制,定位精度高。刀架的前进、停止、返回动作均由行程开关控制。夹紧油缸装在主轴尾部,夹紧力在主轴上封闭而不作用在主轴轴承上。机床采用液压离合器的液压制动器。1.3机床的主要技术参数刀架上最大的加工直径(前、上刀架): 200mm床身上最大工件回转直径: 400mm刀架最大行程长度: 前刀架纵向: 260mm上刀架横向: 100mm刀架垂直于主轴中心线的回转角度:前刀架: 顺时针30,逆时针45上刀架: 顺时针45,逆时针30刀架快速行程速度: 4.5m/min刀架最小进给速度: 10mm/min主轴的转速范围: 106530r/min主轴转速级数: 8级主轴孔孔径: 50mm主轴前端锥孔: 莫氏6主电机: 功率13KW; 转速 14