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1、提供全套毕业论文，欢迎咨询论文题目：GPS-RTK小区域测量精度研究专 业：大地测量学与测量工程硕 士 生：马桃桃 （签名） 指导教师：汤伏全 （签名） 摘要GPS RTK 具有用途广、定位精度较高、自动化程度高、全天候作业等优点,已在测绘领域中得到广泛应用。目前，测绘界对于RTK测量精度和测量误差处理尚未形成统一的、量化的理论。由于RTK测量中常缺少必要的检核条件，使得测量成果的可靠性较差。在小区域RTK测量中，如何检验测量成果可靠性及提高测量定位的精度，已成为工程测量技术研究的重要课题。本文针对小区域内RTK测量定位的精度和可靠性问题展开分析与研究，提出了RTK定位精度的检测方法，通过对R
2、TK测量实验数据的内符合精度检测，分析了RTK在小区域工程测量中实现高精度定位的技术可行性。 在小区域内RTK测量精度受转换参数的影响显著。本文对小区域RTK测量求解转换参数的模型进行分析，通过实验结果检验了转换参数对于RTK测量精度的影响，提出了三种处理转换参数以提高RTK测量精度的方法：（1）对求解RTK坐标转换参数过程加以改进。并通过实例证实，在小区域内改进参数转换过程能有效提高RTK定位精度。 （2）在假设参与求解转换参数的已知公共点含有误差的情况下，利用RTK测量点位误差的微分表达式，分析了已知公共点固有误差对RTK测量精度的影响，通过实例对已知公共点进行检核，以改进RTK测量的精度
3、。（3）将多个公共点参与转换参数的求解，逐个剔除每次计算后的较大残差点，最终筛选出残差最小的一组公共点来计算该区域转换参数的最优解。本文探讨了RTK测量误差的处理方法，尝试对RTK测量偏差与测量过程中的HRMS、VRMS、卫星数、GDOP、距基准站距离等多个参数进行回归分析，得到RTK测量误差处理的经验公式，为小区域内RTK测量的误差处理提供了一种方法，对于GPS 工程测量应用具有参考价值。关 键 词： GPS RTK 内符合精度 参数转换模型 最优转换参数 研究类型：应用研究型Subject：Accuracy research of GPS RTK in small areasSpecial
4、ty：Geodesy and Survey EngineeringName ：* （Signature） Instructor：* （Signature） ABSTRACTGPS RTK has the advantage of wide application, high positioning accuracy, high automation degree, all-weather work etc, and has been used widely in the field of surveying and mapping. At present, the measurement ac
5、curacy of RTK and processing of measurement error has not yet formed a unified and quantitative theory in the field of surveying and mapping. Because the RTK measuring often lacks the necessary check condition to make the poor reliability of the measurement results. In a small area of RTK measuremen
6、t, how to test reliability and improve the accuracy of measurement positioning measurement results has become an important hot topic in the field of engineering survey technology.This paper focuses on analyzing and researching the accuracy of RTK measurement positioning in small region positioning a
7、nalysis and reliability issue. It proposed RTK positioning accuracy detection method, and analyzed of the engineering measure to realize high precision positioning RTK in a small area of technical feasibility, by testing GPS-RTK measurement within the precision of the experiment data.RTK measurement
8、 accuracy is affected by the transformation parameters in a small area. This paper analyzed the RTK measurements to solve transformation parameters in the small area, by experimental results for RTK measurement accuracy verified the transformation parameters, and put forward to three kinds of treatm
9、ent the influence of the transformation parameters to improve- precision of RTK measurement.: (1). Improve the process of solving the GPS-RTK coordinates conversion parameters . And confirmed through examples, improve parameter conversion process in the small area can effectively improve RTK positio
10、ning accuracy. (2) Assuming that participate in solving the transformation parameters known cases of common point contains error, using the differential expression of RTK measurement point position error, analyzes the common point known inherent error influence on RTK measurement accuracy, known by
11、common point to check, to improve RTK measurement accuracy. (3)Participate in more than one common point is presented to solve transformation parameters, one at a time out after each calculation of large residual almost, eventually selected a set of common point to calculate minimum residual error o
12、f the area the optimal transformation parameters.This paper discusses the processing method of RTK measuring error, tries to have regression analysis bias of RTK measurement and multiple parameters of in the process of measurement such as HRMS, VRMS, satellite number, GDOP, base station distance to
13、get the experience formula of the RTK measuring error handling.Providing a way RTK measurement error processing for small area. For GPS engineering measurement applications, it has a reference value.Keywords: GPS-RTK Precision Parameter Transformation Model Optimal Conversion parametersThesis : Appl
14、ication Research目录目录1 绪论11.1引言11.2研究的背景及意义21.2.1 研究的背景21.2.2研究的意义21.3研究的主要内容和目标31.3.1研究的主要内容31.3.2研究的目标41.4 国内外研究现状51.4.1国内研究现状51.4.2国外研究现状61.5 本章小结62 GPS-RTK测量原理及误差分析72.1 GPS-RTK测量原理及其系统组成72.1.1 RTK测量原理72.1.2 RTK系统组成72.2 GPS-RTK测量优势及其局限性82.1.1 RTK测量的优点82.1.2 RTK测量的局限性82.3 GPS-RTK测量误差及其处理方法102.3.1 R
15、TK测量的误差来源102.3.2 RTK测量误差处理方法分析112.4 小结123 GPS-RTK的定位精度检测与分析133.1概述133.2 RTK定位结果的精度检定公式133.3RTK平面精度的检测153.3.1检测方法153.3.2坐标检检验实验及分析163.4 RTK高程精度检验163.4.1实验及精度分析173.5小结174 小区域 RTK高精度定位的可行性分析184.1 RTK定位精度的现状分析184.1.1 否定观点184.1.2肯定观点194.2 RTK定位的内符合精度分析204.2.1 检验的基本原理204.2.2 同一时段内对同一点多次测量的稳定性224.2.3不同的时段对相同点进行多次重复测量的稳定性244.3 小结285 转换参数对RTK定位精度的影响分析295.1小区域RTK的转换参数模型分析295.1.1 七参数转换参数模型295.1.2 四参数转换模型325.1.3 其它转换模型
