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1、正丁醇溶液表面张力的测定实验数据记录:浓度/molL-l0.000.020.040.060.090.120.160.200.24734691652611571535503474455736693654611573534503471455 Pm/Pa734691654611573535503473455734693652611571535501473455734693652612571534503473453文献值:30C时,水的表面张力Y=71.18mNmi由图可知,数据关系符合函数式y=ax2+bx+c ,其中a=-1.60 , b=-18.08 ,c=21.14。对函数求导,由于 x=ln
2、c,y=2a/c*lnc+b/c由Z=-c*y(此处c为浓度;y为表面张力对浓度的偏导数,即上式中的y。,得Z=3.20*lnc+18.08,将计算出来的Z值代入下表数据汇总表:浓度/molL-i0.000.020.040.060.090.120.160.200.24APm/Pa734692653611572535503473455丫/mNm -i71.1867.1163.3259.2555.4751.8848.7845.8744.12Z(xl0-6)05.567.789.0810.3711.3012.2212.9313.51r=Z/(RT)/molm -2 (X10-9)02.213.093
3、.604.114.484.855.135.36(c/r)/m-i/0.911.301.672.192.683.303.904.48(x107)由以上数据可绘制得下面两图:6520413.050.10.150.25c/molL1图2、c关系图100.10.20.31I0.050.150.25c/mal-L-1y= 16.146X+0.676B图3、c/C关系图由图得斜率 k=1.6146x105,截距 b=0.6768x1078=1/a=6.19x10-6 (mol*m-2) , K=k/b=23.86 (L*mol-i) 分子截面积 q=1儿8=k/L=2.68x10-i9m2查阅文献得标准值:2.16x10-i9m2Er=(2.68-2.16)/2.16*100%=24.07%