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1、 奇速英语初一初二初三上期期末英语复习提纲 初一上册期末英语复习提纲一、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。a.名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.b.代词(pron.)： 主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it .c.形容词(adj.)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange .d.数词(num.)： 表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, secon
2、d, third, fourth.e.动词(v.)： 表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .f.副词(adv.)： 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.g.冠词(art.)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the.h.介词(prep.)： 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind.i.连词(conj.)： 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .j.感叹词(interj.)表示喜
3、、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello.二、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。a.主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是 / “谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：Im Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)b.谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)c.表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名
4、字叫萍萍)d.宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)e.定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：Shanghai is a big city .
5、(上海是个大城市)f.状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力)g.宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语)同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your c
6、lassmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里？)三、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。a.合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。b.派生法：(1)派生名词：动词+er/or 动词+ing 动词+(t)ion 形容词+ness 其他,如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge(2)派生形容词：名词+y 名词+ful 动词+ing/ed friendly dangerous Chinese; Ja
7、panese English French German 国名+(i)an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious(3)派生副词：形容词+ly 其它,如：slowly, angrily, fullfully, goodwell, possiblepossibly等等。c.转换法：(1)形容词动词,如：dry(干燥的)dry(弄干), clean(干净的)clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。(2)动词名词,如：look, walk, rest, work, st
8、udy, swim, go, talk等等。(3)名词动词,如：hand(手)(传递),face(脸)(面对)等等。(4)形容词副词,如：earlyearly, fastfast等等。(5)副词连词,如：when(什么时候)(当时候),等等。(6)介词副词,如：in(到里)(在里面；在家),on(在上)(进行,继续),等等。 奇速英语初二上册期末复习提纲一、易混词组 1. health健康（名）, healthy健康的（形）, healthily健康地（副）Drinking milk is good for our health.A healthy lifestyle can help us
9、keep healthy.Iam going to eat healthily this year.2. may,（情动） maybe（副）,maybe（谓动） 可能He may know the answer. = Maybe he knows the answer.He maybe at home. = Maybe he is at home.3. be goodfor 对有利,be good at 擅长于,be good with 与某人相处好,be good to 对某人友好4. think(认为) /hear (听说) /because(因为)+从句think of /hear of
10、 / because of+名词5. forget/remember to do sth忘记/记着去做某事forget/remember doing sth忘记/记着做了某事6. stop todo sth 停下来去做某事stop doing sth停止做某事7. take,spend, pay, cost花费例:我买这件外套花了100元钱.It took me 100 yuan to buy this coat.(it作主语)I spent 100 yuan on/buying this coat.(人作主语)I paid100 yuan for this coat.(人作主语This co
11、at cost me 100 yuan.(物体作主语)8. sometime某时, some time一段时间, soemtimes有时, some times几次9. few（几乎没有）, a few（一些）+复数名词little（几乎没有）, a little（一点儿）+不可数名词10. a (large) number of（许多） a small number of（少量的）, the number of 的数量A number of students are in the classroom.许多学生都在教室里.The number of the students in the cl
12、assroom is 30. 教室里学生的数量是30.11. both(and)(两者)都 all (多者)都the other(两者中的)另一个 another(多者中的)另一个 between(and) (两者)之间 among (多者)之间neither(两者)都不 none(多者)都不12. 赢: win+比赛/奖 beat+某人/某团体13. 参加:join+某人/组织 take part in+活动14. in the south of, to the south of, on the south of 在的南方Hainan is in the south of China.(海南
13、在中国范围之内)Hainan is to the south on Hubei.(海南在湖北范围之外,且不接壤)Hunan is on the south of Hebei.(湖南在湖北范围之外, 但接壤)15. 太多: too much+不可数名词, too many+复数名词; 太: much too+形容词或副词16. too, also,either, so 也I like English, too. =I also like English.I dont like English, either.You like English, so do I.(你喜欢英语,我也喜欢.)17. s
14、o,such 如此She is so clever that everyone likes her. = She is such aclever girl that everyone likes her. 她如此聪明,每个人都喜欢她.二、重点词组句型1. better and better越来越好,more and more beautiful 越来越美丽2. 10 minutes walk= ten-minute walk=10 minutes on foot 十分钟步行的路程(表示路程，用来回答how far)3. ss +原级as像一样,not as/so +原级as 不如He is a
15、s tall as you.He is not as/so tall as you.= He is shorter than you.=You are taller than him.4. somewhere interesting有趣的地方something important 重要的事情somebody else 别的人5. enough food足够的食物(enough+名词),big enough足够大(形/副+enough)6. one of the most useful animals最有用的动物之一(one of+最高级+复数)7. I didnt go to bed until my father came back last night. 昨晚直到我爸回来我才去睡觉.8. Im sorry to hear that. 听到这我很难过.9. too+形/副原级to do 太而不能,so+形/副原级+that+从句 如此以致不能
