高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版

上传人:cl****1 文档编号:506465069 上传时间:2023-10-19 格式:DOC 页数:11 大小:63.50KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版_第1页
第1页 / 共11页
高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版_第2页
第2页 / 共11页
高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版_第3页
第3页 / 共11页
高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版_第4页
第4页 / 共11页
高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版_第5页
第5页 / 共11页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语 定语从句讲解与练习 牛津版(11页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。

1、定语从句I 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如: Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或

2、物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which the) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the count

3、ryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)II. 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用。例如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yie

4、ld.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介词+ which引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如: His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲

5、在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 III.判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 Ill never forget the days when

6、 I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错: (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year. (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. (对) Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countrysi

7、de.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age? A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one答案:例1 D,例2 A例1变为肯定句: T

8、his museum is _ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句: This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所

9、做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。 IV. 限制性和非限制性定语从句 1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如:This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)The

10、 house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如:Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。This novel, which I ha

11、ve read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如:He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

12、V. 介词+关系词 1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。2)that前不能有介词。3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的介词+关系词结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如: This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。 This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗? Do you remember the day w

13、hen you joined our club? VI. as, which 非限定性定语从句 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球暖起来,这对我们人类很重要。典型例题1)Alice received an invitation fr

14、om her boss, _came as a surprise.A. it B. that C. whichD. he 答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。2)The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it 答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使

15、由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3)It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park.A. thatB. whichC. as D. it 答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。as 的用法例1. the sameas;suchas 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和一样。例如: I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有正如。例如: As w

展开阅读全文
相关资源
正为您匹配相似的精品文档
相关搜索

最新文档


当前位置:首页 > 建筑/环境 > 施工组织

电脑版 |金锄头文库版权所有
经营许可证:蜀ICP备13022795号 | 川公网安备 51140202000112号