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1、2022年考博英语-广东工业大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.If you say to your children Im sorry I got angry with you, but . what follows that but can rend
2、er the apology ineffective: I had a bad day or your noise was giving me a headache leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should- be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say Im sorr
3、y youre upset; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person w
4、ho is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying Im useless as a parent does not commit a person to any specific improvement.These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of s
5、trength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children, feel pain just as he does, and
6、 that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other childrens expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-olcl might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that bor
7、rowing a parents clothes without permission is not.1. If a mother adds but to an apology,（ ）.2. According to the author, saying Im sorry youre upset most probably means（ ）.3. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because（ ）.4. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching
8、children to say sorry（ ）.5. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is（ ）.问题1选项A.she doesnt feel that she should have apologizedB.she does not realize that the child has been hurtC.the child may find the apology easier to acceptD.the child may feel that, he owes her an apology问
9、题2选项A.You have good reason to get upsetB.Im aware youre upset, but Im not to blameC.I apologize for hurting your feelingsD.Im at fault for making you upset问题3选项A.it gets one into the habit of making empty promisesB.it may make the other person feel guiltyC.it is vague and ineffectiveD.it is hurtful
10、and insulting问题4选项A.the complexities involved should be ignoredB.their ages should be taken into accountC.parents need to set them a good exampleD.parents should be patient and tolerant问题5选项A.a social issue calling for immediate attentionB.not necessary among family membersC.a sign of social progres
11、sD.not as simple as it seems【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干定位到第二段If you say to your children Im sorry I got angry with you, but . what follows that but can render the apology ineffective: I had a bad day or your noise was giving me a headache leaves the person who has been injured feel
12、ing that he should- be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.可知如果在道歉后加了but，那么会使那个受伤的人感觉为了得到别人的道歉，他得先为自己不好的行为道歉。与D项“这个孩子可能会觉得他欠他妈妈一个道歉”相符。故D项正确。2.判断推理题。根据题干定位到第三段Im sorry youre upset; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other p
13、erson has done.如果这样道歉“我很抱歉你生气了”;这表明你在某种程度上是错误的，因为你让自己被别人的所作所为弄得心烦意乱。”由此可知道歉人其实并没有真正地道歉，而是认为别人是由于自己的原因而心情不好。与B项相符。3.判断推理题。根据题干定位到第四段Saying Im useless as a parent does not commit a person to any specific improvement. 如果家长道歉说“我是个没用的家长”并不能让一个人得到任何具体的改善。可知用这种道歉方法是无效的。故C项正确。4.判断推理题。But even when presented
14、 with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children, feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-
15、year-old might need reminding that spoiling other childrens expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-olcl might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parents clothes without permission is not. 但是，即使孩子们看到了真诚悔过的例子，他们仍然需要帮助来使其意识到道歉的复杂性。一个三岁的孩子可能需要帮助来理解其他孩子也像他一样感到疼痛，用沉重的玩具打玩伴的头需要道歉。一个六岁的孩子可能需要被提醒，辜负其他孩子的期望可能需要道歉。一个12岁的孩子可能需要被告知，未经许可就乱翻饼干罐是可以接受的，但未经许可就借父母的衣服就不行。最后一段举例讲述了不同年龄段的孩子都需要不同程度的提醒或告诫来使其意识到道歉的复杂性。故B项“在教小孩子道歉时应考虑他们的年龄。”正确。5.判断推理题。全文介绍了几种伪道歉，最后总结这几种道歉方式是无效的，并且提醒读者教小孩道歉要考虑到他们的年龄。由此可见恰当的道歉
