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1、Part I Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Each of the following passage below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. Q
2、uestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage： In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw
3、 materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic. Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the U
4、nited states. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc. As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from t
5、he rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used material
6、s. Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling In many areas, the East Coast, especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids pa
7、ying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $ 100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material 1.What
8、 regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A) Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B)Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C)A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D)Consu
9、mers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.2.The returned plastic bottles in New York used to _.A)end up somewhere underground.B)Be turned into raw materials.C)Have a second-life value.D)Be separated form other rubbish.3.The key problem in dealing with r
10、eturned plastic beverage containers is _.A)to sell them at a profitable price.B)How to turn them into useful things.C)How to reduce their recycling costs.D)To lower the prices for used materials.4.Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because _.A)local governments find it
11、 easy to manage.B)Recycling has great appeal for the jobless.C)Recycling causes little pollution. D)Other methods are more expensive.5.It can be concluded from the passage that _.A)rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials.B)Local governments in the US can expect big profits fr
12、om recycling.C)Recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally.D)Landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United State
13、s today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders. The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and
14、inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway. In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who w
15、ere capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others. For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like
16、 all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer. The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelm
