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1、高起点英语语法归纳动词不定式（二）2006 年 07月 10日 09:34lesson 17 动词不定式(二)第二节 动词不定式的用法一、不定式结构作主语1. 不定式前置1) Derive A mineral resources from B sedimentary rock C isa D major modern industrial activity.2) in the matriculation for postgraduate in a short time is realy a hard nut.A To make high scoresB To make low goalC To
2、 the high scoresD Make the low goals2. 上述形式一般情况不多见，作为考试的规范英语，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词“it” 作形式主语(形式主语“it”不能由“that”或“this”等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面It is really a hard nut to get high scores in the matriculation for postgraduate in a short time.3) John admitted that its always difficult .A for him being on timeB
3、being on time for himC for him to be on timeD on time for him4) It is difficult for me A to be concentrating B while someone C is using D a vacuum cleaner.3. 不定式后置的情况不仅限于动词是系动词，也适用于其他动词It took us a great deal of efforts to finish that task.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family i
4、n Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.4. 不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以在特定的上下文中能看出，也 可以通过带“for +名词短语”辨出It is quite important for us to read good books during the period of general review （总复 习）。It is not difficult for those who study maths well to pass the exam.5. 在某些形容词（如 careless，cl
5、ever，considerate， foolish， good， impolite， kind， naughty， nice, silly, stupid等）作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语It is very kind of you to help me./It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.间或也可用for + there to be表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是to be）。Its a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.二、不定式作宾语不
6、定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式；另一种是“动词+疑问词+带to的不 定式”1. 动词+带 to 的不定式结构只能跟动词不定式的动词,常见的有： afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, ask, believe, care, claim, decide, decline （拒绝），demand, desire, determine, endeavor, expect, fail, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long, manage, mean （想要），offer （表示愿意做），pretend, pr
7、omise, refuse, seek （试图），swear, undertake, wish （想要）等。5）We refuse that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults （银行保管库）of this nation.A to believe B to be belivedC belivingD havebelived6） The green turtle has been known over 2, 000milestoreturntoanesting site.A in the navigating B the naviga
8、tion C to navigate D navigation7）Forthe A firsttimeVenusianscientistsmanagedlanding B asatelliteontheplanet Earth, and it has been sending C back signals as well as D photographs ever since.8） The day is past when Chinese universities and colleges to give high school diplomas to all who sit through
9、four years of instructio,n regardless of whether any visible results can be discerned.A affordedB affordingC to affordD can afford 从上例我们可以看出 afford 一般与 can 和 cant 或 could 和 couldnt 连用。2. 动词疑问代（副）词不定式这类动词常见的有：advise, decide, discuss, find out, forget, inquire, know, learn, regard, remember， see， sett
10、le， teach， tell， think（=consider）， understand， wonder 等。这些疑问 代（副）词有 what, when, where, which, how, whether 等，但不包括 why,如：He does not know how to go therewhen to speak before strangers.who（m） to visit.which one to choose.You can decide whether to go forward or stay here.when to see a doctor.I will sho
11、w you what to do.where to go.how to deal with it.其中，1）和2）中不定式的逻辑主语仍是句子的主语，分别为He和You；而3）中不定式的逻辑主语则 不是句子的主语I,而是宾语you.9）The director of this organization must know .A to manage money, sell his product and beable to satisfy stockholdersB managing money, selling, and be able to satisfy the stockholdersC
12、how to manage money, sell his product, and satisfy the stockholdersD money management, selling and being able to satisfy the stockholders10）To tell you the truth, I really dont know how deal with a man like him.A can IB wellC toD much3. 有时，不定式跟作主语时一样，可由it来代替，而把不定式放到后面去He makes it a rule to take a wa
13、lk before breakfast.I think it interesting to play football while it is snowing hard.We find it difficult to get everything ready before the time you require.She cosiders it important to make friends with them.I dont think it necessary to argue with them on this problem.4. 有时 THERE 和 TO BE 连用表示“有”或“
14、存在（某情况）”等It is impossible for there to be any more.Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem ？I expect there to be no argument about this ？ 有时在个别的介词后可用“疑问词不定式结构”作其宾语He has his own decision of how to do it.三、不定式作表语1. 一种情况为主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）To see is to believe/ To work means
15、 to earn a living.2. 另一种情况主语是以 aim ， duty， hope ， idea， happiness ， job ， plan ， problem ， purpose ， thing， wish 等为中心的名词，或以 what 引导的名词性从句，不定式表语对主语起补充说明作用His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future. / The bosss plan is to start building the skycraper immediately. / What I want to say is to get rid of the plan forever.11 ） The function of Louis Sullivans architecture was providing A large uninterrupted floor areas B and to allow ample light C into the interior D .12）The most important A thing is negociate B with them about C
