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1、2022-2023年考博英语-中南大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Lenin once argued that a political leader is not only responsible for policy but for the action of those who（ ） it.问题1选项A.assaultB.misleadC.executeD.commend【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项assault“攻击；袭击”；B选项mislead“误导”；C选项execute“实行；执行；处死”；D选项commend“称赞；推荐；把 委托”。句意：列宁曾经说过，一个政治
2、领袖不仅要对政策负责，还要对那些 政策的人的行为负责。能与“政策”相搭配的只有C选项“执行”。2. 写作题Write an essay of about 250 to 300 words on the topic “Love and Being Loved according to the instructions given below.爱和被爱是人际社会关系最重要的一对因子。爱是付出，它是奉献；被爱是接受，它是幸福；但它们又是相互置换。请你围绕这一命题，结合事例谈谈你对它们的认识和看法。【答案】略3. 单选题The human intelligence that created indus
3、trial civilization now has the assignment of making that civilization （ ）mans basic prerequisites.问题1选项A.compatible withB.warrantable forC.assignable toD.reducible to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。compatible with “与 兼容的；与 和谐相处的”；warrantable for “对 是可担保的”；assignable to “分配到”；reducible to “简化为；归于” 。句意：如今，创造工业文明的人类智慧
4、的任务是让文明与人类的基本先决条件和谐相处。由“industrial civilization” 与“mans basic prerequisites”可知A项符合语境，故A项正确。4. 单选题Even those who disagreed with Carmens views rarely faulted her for expressing them,for the positions she took were as（ ） as they were controversial.问题1选项A.complicatedB.thoughtfulC.subjectiveD.commonplace
5、【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。complicated “难懂的，复杂的”；thoughtful “深思的；体贴的”；subjective “主观的；自觉的”；commonplace “平凡的； 普通的”。句意：即使是那些不同意卡门观点的人，也很少指责她的表达，因为卡门所采取的立场如同有争议那样让人深思。由controversial可知，既然该立场有争议，所以引人深思。故B项符合题意。5. 翻译题Read the following short paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.尽管美国的制造业就业岗位长期流失，
6、但由于在飞机和高科技设备等高价值的研发 和生产等方面能力卓越，美国的制造业方面仍处于世界领先地位。与此同时，中国的主 要产品还是低成本的服装和消费类电子产品。在产品价值方面美国的产品占世界制造业 总产值的20%以上，大约是中国的两倍。中国的人口众多，国民人均产值仅为美国的 1/7；在居民生活水平方面，中美两国的差距就更大了，中国家庭产品的平均消费只有美 国的1/14。【答案】Despite a long history of lost manufacturing jobs, the U.S. leads the world in manufacturing because of its abi
7、lity to develop and produce high-value products like airplanes and high-tech equipment. Meanwhile, Chinas main products are low-cost clothing and consumer electronics. In terms of value, the United States produces more than 20 percent of the worlds manufacturing output, about twice as much as China.
8、 China has a large population and its per capita GDP is only 1/7 of that of the United States. In terms of living standards, the gap between China and the United States is even wider, with the average household product consumption in China being only one-14th of that in the United States.6. 单选题The t
9、eam should have projected trouble ahead when the road （ ）into a gravel path.问题1选项A.interrogatedB.dwindledC.transformedD.collapsed【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。interrogated 质问，审问；dwindled 减少，缩小；transformed 转换，改变；collapsed 倒塌，瓦解。句意：当道路变为砂砾路时，这个团队本应该提前预测到困难。C项符合句意。7. 翻译题Read the following passage carefully and the
10、n translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.Beginning in the late 1960s, a growing number of women expressed a strong dissatisfaction with any marriage arrangement where the husband and his career were the primary considerations in the marriage. （1）By the end of the 1970s, for example, conside
11、rably less than half of the women in our society still believed that they should put their husbands and children ahead of their own careers. In the 2000s, most women in the United States believe that they should be equal partners in their marriages and that their husbands should have equal responsib
12、ility for child care and household chores.（2） In an equal-partnership marriage, the wife pursues afull-time job or career which has equal or greater importance to her husbands, while the long-standing division of labor between husband and wife comes to an end. The husband is no longer the main provi
13、der of family income, and the wife no longer has the main responsibilities for household duties and raising children. Husband and wife share all these duties equally. Power over family decisions is also shared equally.（3）The reality of life in the present world is that although most American women n
14、ow have an equal say in the decision affecting the family, they sometimes earn less than men for same work. Also, most women are still spending more time taking care of the children, cooking, and cleaning than their husbands are. Many women are resentful because they feel like they have two full-tim
15、e jobs-the one at work and the one at home. In the 1980s women were told they could “have it all” - fast-track career, husband, children, and a clean house. Now, some women are finding that lifestyle exhausting and unrewarding. （4）Some young women are now choosing to stay at home until their children start school, but many others who would like to cannot afford to do so.Juggling two careers and family responsibilities can be as difficult for men as it is for women, especially if there is truly an equal division of d
