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1、2022年考博英语-武汉大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Amid the nationwide furor over the Senate draft health-care bill, a public-health victory has gone mostly unnoticed. According to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the estimated number of middle and high school students who are
2、tobacco users dropped from 4.7 million in 2015 to 3.9 million in 2016. This was largely driven by a reduction in the number of teenagers using e-cigarettes, which are less harmful than regular cigarettes but still contain nicotine. The downturn is a success for advocates and officials who have worke
3、d to curb teen tobacco use but it should not be heralded as the end of the road.Teenage smoking has long been one of the most serious public health issues. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, and 9 in 10 American smokers had their first taste of tobacco before the
4、 age of 18, although policies to curb teen smoking showed signs of success for a time, youth tobacco rates remained stagnant between 2011 and 2015. During this period, the use of e-cigarettes among high school students increased by a staggering 900 percent.With these statistics in mind, the recent d
5、ecline in teen tobacco and e-cigarette use is an encouraging signal that interventions may be working. It is difficult to determine causation, but experts have attributed the drop to a range of federal, state and local policies designed to dissuade young adults from using tobacco, such as increasing
6、 tobacco taxes and expanding antismoking ordinances to include e-cigarettes and other new products. States have run targeted media campaigns that work alongside federal efforts, such as the Food and Drug Administrations “Real Cost” campaign and the CDCs “Tips from Former Smokers”. The CDC report sug
7、gests that at least some of these strategies have been effective.But the report also highlights challenges that lie ahead. Millions of teenagers across the country are still using tobacco in some form, and the introduction of new tobacco products could drive up rates. There are also significant disp
8、arities among states and communities: Rural, low-income, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth are particularly at risk due to targeted marketing and policy variation between different jurisdictions. This makes federal regulation by the FDA all the more important.The FDA, however, has del
9、ayed the enforcement of new regulations on e-cigarettes and cigars. Delays are commonplace in new administrations, but it is important that the agency take up these stricter standards after the three-month postponement. It would be a pity if these long-awaited signs of progress were undercut because
10、 the FDA declined to do its job.5. According to a report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, teenage smoking（ ）.6. Which of the following is true of the reason for the drop of teenage smoking?7. Who should shoulder more responsibility for curbing teen smoking in the authors eye?8. Whi
11、ch of the following could best summarize the text?问题1选项A.decreased slightly between 2015 and 2016B.mainly took place in elementary schoolsC.recently experienced a gorgeous reductionD.was largely connected with death rate问题2选项A.The American Senate passed a health-care bill to curb teen smoking.B.The
12、government issued various laws and policies to control tobacco use.C.The advocates and officials have worked hard to restrain smoking.D.The teenagers are more aware of the death-causing result from smoking.问题3选项A.The secondary schools where students attend the classes.B.The CDC which produced the re
13、port on teenage smoking.C.The social media organizing campaigns against teen smoking.D.The FDA making federal regulation on banning tobacco use.问题4选项A.A decline in teen smokingThe FDAS delay could weaken that progressB.A pubic-heath victoryThe CDCs teen smoking report displayed a hopeC.An important
14、differenceThe states and communities faced teen smoking challengeD.A serious public-health issueThe government took both risks and opportunities【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A【解析】5.【试题答案】C【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“report”可以定位到第一段第二句According to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the
15、 estimated number of middle and high school students who are tobacco users dropped from 4.7 million in 2015 to 3.9 million in 2016.（根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的一份最新报告显示，美国吸烟的中学生数量从2015年的470万下降到了2016年的390万。），说明美国吸烟的青少年减少了。因此C选项“最近经历了一次可喜的下降”正确。A选项“在2015至2016年间稍微下降”，由原文可知，从2015到2016年中学生吸烟数量下降了80万，不是小幅度下降，所以A错误。B选项“
16、主要发生在小学”，与原文的middle and high school students（初中和高中学生）不符，所以B错误。D选项“很大程度上与死亡率有关”在文中没有提及，所以D错误。6.【试题答案】B【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句With these statistics in mind, the recent decline in teen tobacco and e-cigarette use is an encouraging signal that interventions may be working. It is difficult to determine causation, but experts have attributed th
