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1、七年级(下)语法之形容词与副词1. 形容词(1) 在句子中做定语，一般放在名词之前。但是当形容词修饰something, somebody, anything, anybody, nothing, nobody时，要放于其后。Eg. I have an interesting book.There is nothing serious.(2) 作表语，放在系动词之后。Eg. This kind of dress is expensive.(3) 以a-开头的形容词，一般在句子中只能作表语。Eg. Keep quiet! My baby is asleep in the room.(4) 作宾语
2、补足语，放在宾语之后。Eg. The good news makes us very happy.2. 副词副词在句子中主要做状语，可以修饰动词、形容词、副词。修饰动词时，一般放在行为动词之后; 修饰形容词时，一般放在形容词之前；表示时间、地点的副词一般放在句末或句首；频度副词一般放在 行为动词之前，be动词之后。Eg. I canhear you clearly.She is really beautiful.Recently, I feel tied.Daming always sings the song. Lily is always talking in class.七年级(下)语法
3、之形容词与副词的比较级、最高级1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。2、规则变化：(1) 一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；变化方法 a) 一般直接加-er, -est.如：tall-taller-tallestclever cleverer cleverestnarrowfnarrowerf narrowestb) 以e结尾的，比较级直接加-r，最高级直接加-st 如：nice-nicer-nicestc) 以重读闭音节(即：辅音+元音+辅音)结尾的，要双写最后一个辅音
4、字母，后加-er, -est.如：big-bigger-biggestred-redder-reddestd) 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先把y改为i再加上-er, -est.如：busy-busier-busiestearly-earlier-earliesteasy-easier-easiest(2) 其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most如： popular-more popular-most popularexciting-more exciting-most exciting careful-more careful-most careful easily
5、 more easily most easily 注意：(1) 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用。例: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.(2) 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。例: It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.3、不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；（身体）好的，bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地； （身体
6、）更不舒服的worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地； （身体）最不舒服的ill（身体）不舒服的many许多的（可数）more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的（不可数）；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的； 最远地further进一步的（地）furthest最深刻的（地）4、比较级用法（1）可以单独使用eg. I hope to do better in English.（2 ）和 than 一起用eg. Zhang Jun is stronger than Lin Tao.（3）其他几种用法 a.两者比较，哪一个
7、更怎么样？Who/Which + 动词+比较级，A or B?Eg. Who did better, Lucy or Lily?b. 用比较级形式表达最高级意义1）比较级+than any other+n.+比较级范围（in/of.）（在同一范围内比较）=比较级+than any of the others+ in/of.=比较级+than the other+n.+in/of.2）比较级+than any + n.+ in/of.（在两个不同范围内比较）Eg. Kate is more careful than any other girl in our classShanghai is b
8、igger than any city in Shangdong Province.c. “比较级+ and +比较级”或“ more and more +原级”表示“越来越”Eg. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.The wind became more and more heavily.d. 有范围的两者之间的比较用“the+形容词比较级+of the two”Eg. My mother is the busier of the twoe. “the +比较级,the+比较级”，表示“越越”。扇Eg. The more money
9、 you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The sooner, the better. 越快越好。注意：1） 用来修饰比较级的副词有:much, far, lots, a lot, a little, even, still 等2）用来修饰最高级的副词有：by far, far, much, mostly, almost0Eg： This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.3）序数词通常只修饰最高级eg： Africa is the second largest continent. |5、最高级用法用来对三个或三
10、个以上的人或事物进行比较，形容词的最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词前的the可以省 略。用法如下：a. 最高级+范围Eg. Changjian is the longest river in China.b. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+比较级范围（of/in短语），表示“最.的.之一”。Eg. Yang Liwei is one of the most famous heroes in China.c. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词+比较范围，表示“.是.的第几”。Eg. The Yellow River is the second lon
11、gest river in China.典型例题1) - Are you feeling?-Yes, Im fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better2) The experiment was easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much3) If there were no examinations, we should have at school.A. the happiest timeB. a more ha
12、ppier timeC. much happiest timeD. a much happier time练习一、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级与最高级tall slow smallfast smart fewnice fine largelate brave pretty easy funnyhappy lazy heavydirty dry earlybusy easily slim hot bigthin fat wetbeautiful interestingimportant dangerousexpensive polite _careful exciting .bad/badly/
13、ill little many/much old far 二、选择正确的形容词或副词填空()1. The boy was taken to the nearest hospital.A. ill B. sick C. good D. Clever()2. You must drive next time, or there may be another accident.A. more carefully B. carefully C. careful D. more careful()3. He has not been at school, because he is.A. ill B.
14、well C. fine D. nice()4. At last it made them.A. happily B. quickly C. friendly D. slowly()5. We had a meal yesterday evening.A. lively B. likely C. lovely D. love()6. It is raining hard. He is to be late.A. lovely B. likely C. lively D. friendly()7. Li Ming did his homework. So he left school last.A. easily B. quickly C. happily D. slowly()8. I cant say I want to see you again. Its a year since I last saw you.A. how often B. how long C. how much D. how soon
