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1、word第一组spend/ take /costspend的主语通常是“人，即“某人在花多少时间或金钱。例句：1The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing puter games.那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。2)She spent lots of money on books last year.去年她花费很多钱在书本上。take前常以it作形式主语，作“做某事需要花多少时间。It takes (人)时间 to do sth.1)How long does it take you to finish the work?你需要多少时间才能完成那工作？2
2、)It took me an hour to repair my bike.我花了一个小时修理自行车。3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.说真话需要很大的勇气。cost的主语通常是事物，即指 某物值多少钱需要多少时间某人花了多少钱使某人丧失事/物cost人时间/金钱1)The watch cost me two hundred yuan.这块手表花了我200块钱。2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.写本小说要花很多时间。3)The girls bad behavior cost her parent
3、s many sleepless nights.那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。注意：cost的过去式，过去分词都是cost。第二组：speak/say/tell/talkspeak说某种语言，说某人好、坏话是与物动词；发表讲话，对某人说话，是不与物动词。1)The students speak English very fluently.这些学生英语说得非常流利。2)The Prime Minister spoke on the international situation.首相就国际形势发表了演说。3)She always speaks ill of others.她总是说
4、别人的坏话。speak的习惯用语：Generally speaking 一般而言Frankly speaking 坦白地说Strictly speaking 严格地说not to speak of 且不说；更不用说1)Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman.一般而言，男人比女人强壮。2)We can speak English, not to speak of Chinese.我们会读英语，汉语更不用说了。say说出某句话或某件事；后接从句，但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词；说明时间；书信、布告报纸上的“说，习惯用法1)She s
5、aid ,“I love you.她说：“我爱你。2)Say goodbye to them.跟他们说再见。3)She says she is busy.她说她很忙。4)My watch says 10:00 sharp.我的表是十点整。5)The paper says that there was a big fire in Shanghai.报上说某某发生了一场大火。6)It is said that she has been away for a month.据说她已走了一个月了7)It goes without saying that education is important.不用
6、说，教育是重要的。8)Tom is a good student, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.Tom是个好学生，也就是说，他在学校的成绩很好。tell说谎；讲故事；说实话1)Dont tell a lie.不要说谎。2)She likes to tell stories.她喜欢讲故事。3)We should always tell the truth.我们应该永远说实话。tell区分；叫某人做某事；接“间接与“直接宾语；tell宾语that从句1)Sometimes we cant tell right from wrong.有
7、时我们无法区分是非。他告诉我他要去那儿。talk连续地说话；习惯用法1)What are the girls talking about ?那些女孩们讲什么？2)Young people like to talk politics.年青人喜欢谈论政治。3)I talked over the matter with her.我与她谈论了那个问题。第三组：take /bring/carry/fetchtake作“带去“拿去解；从近处把东西送到远处例句：1)Shell take her children to the park.她要带孩子去公园。2)Its raining, youd better
8、take an umbrella with you.下雨了；你最好把雨伞带上。bring“拿来；带来；从远处把东西拿到近外1)Bring the dictionary to me.把字典拿给我。2)Please bring your report with you when you e tomorrow.明天你来的时候，请把你的报告带来。carry作“携带，带去；搬运解1)She always carries a red handbag.她总是带一个红色手包。2)Please carry this TV set upstairs.请把这台电视搬到楼上去。fetch作“去取来，拿来；叫某人来解1
9、)The football is over there. Fetch it please.足球在那边呢，请把它拿回来。2)Fetch the police at once. Weve found the robber.马上去叫警察来，我们已经发现那个抢劫的人。第四组：wear/put on/ dresswear穿着，戴；留，表示“状态是与物动词需加宾语例句：1)She always wears a pair of glasses.她总是戴着一副眼镜。2)He wears a black jacket today.今天他穿着一件黑色的夹克。put on穿上，戴上，表示“动作例句：1)The te
10、acher put on his hat and went out of the office.教师戴上帽子然后走出办公室。2)Put on the gloves .Its cold outside.戴上手套外面很凉。dress作“穿着的衣服解；给某人穿衣服不用写衣服例句：1)She is dressed in red.她穿着红衣服。2)The mother dresses the child every day.那位母亲每天给孩子穿衣服。此句不能加衣服。3)She dresses herself in red.此句等于第一个例句。第五组：do /makedo“做主要是用来表示“行动“行为，如
11、do omelets是“把蛋卷煎好。在do后面常加一些抽象名词，如do wrong犯错。“wrong是抽象名词常与do搭配的短语有：do onesdo (the) somedo sb. a favor帮人忙do with利用；忍受；需要do away with废除do without用不着；不需要havedo sb.do nothing but do除了做以外什么也没做do business做生意例句：1)Ill do the dishes today.今天我来洗盘子。2)Ive done my homework.我已经做完了作业。3)Crying does harm to you.哭对你没有
12、益处。4)Will you do me a favor?能否帮我一个忙？5)We cannot do without a telephone in our business.我们做生意没有是不行的。6)The new teacher didnt know what to do with the class.新教师不知道如何对待他班上的学生。7)I did nothing but watch TV last night.昨晚我除了看电视以外什么也没有做。8)Who does your hair?平常是谁给你做头发的？make“作，表示“制造，其后的宾语是make的产品。如make clothes
13、 制做衣服；make后常跟一些可数名词常与make动词搭配的短语有：make amake anmakemake例句：1) They have make great progress in learning English.在学习英语方面他们已经取得了很大的进步。2)Who is going to make a speech today?今天谁来演说？3)Dont make a noise.嘘！不要出声。4)She makes her living as a teacher.她作教师来维持生计。“看 look和see的区别 Hello, boys and girls. 今天向你们介绍两位新朋友l
14、ook和see,这两个单词都有看之意,但表示的意义和用法却不同.look强调看的动作,提醒别人注意看,不强调是否看到。如:Look! Miss Wu is ing. 看!吴教师来了.look年纪大,视力不好,看不到面前的人或事物,必须给他配上一副眼镜at,才能看到面前的人或事物。如:Look at the boy. 看这个男孩.Look at this map. 看这X地图.see 强调看的结果,意思是看见(到).see年纪小,视力好,能看到面前的人或事物。如:I can see him. 我能看到他.-Can you see the bird? 你能看见那只鸟吗?-Yes, I can. 是
15、的,我能看见.小朋友们,你们现在了解look和see了吧!请做下面的练习检验一下好吗?用Look, look at 和see完成句子.1. _!This is my new pencil-box.2. Please _ the picture.3. I can _ a car.4. Where are you? I cant _ you.5. Boys and girls,_ the blackboard.Key: 1. Look 2. look at 3. see 4. see 5. look atalready 和 yetalready和yet都可作“已经讲already一般用在完成时态的肯定句中。Have you found your ruler yet？你已经找到尺子了吗？I have already seen the film我已经看过这部电影了。We have already read the book.我们已看过这本书。already假如用在疑问句中，常表
