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1、2022年高二部分 3-4高考阅卷现场 大纲人教版问题三：词义猜测和细节理解类常见问题高考阅读理解中比重最大也是比较基础的题型就是词义猜测和细节理解题，这类题是考生争取的重点，它要求考生快速而准确地获取信息，从而拿到最基本的分数。考生最常见的问题就是见到生单词就头脑发蒙，无法从已知信息中找到有用的线索，从而造成失分。因为本节内容较重要，所以我用较多篇幅来讲解一下。例题精析【例1】 (xx广东卷B篇)We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against
2、the blackboard，rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured_up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that tendollar grand prize，each and every one of us. Im going to spend mine on candies，one hopeful w
3、ould announce，while another practiced looking serious，wise and rich. (A)The underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably means _. Aformed an idea for Bmade an outline forCmade some space for Dchose some colors for【答案解析】 选择A。词义猜测题。上下句是Some.Others.句子，while we conjured up our designs的对应部分是while deep
4、in thought，可见conjured up的意思是“思考，想象”，所以A项正确。【例2】 (xx全国卷A篇)I know what youre thinking: pizza(比萨饼)? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last nights leftovers in the am. if you want to.(A)The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means _Afood remaining after a meal Bthings left undoneCm
5、eals made of vegetables Dpizza topped with fruit【答案解析】 选择A。词义猜测题。根据画线单词之前的last nights可以猜测划线单词的意思应为“(前一天晚上的)剩饭”。【例3】 (xx陕西卷A篇)There was no shade and our legs were aching. We decided to go back, with the girl on my back and the boys far behind. By the time we finally got back, our_legs_were_like_jelly
6、.(A)The underlined expression “Our legs were like jelly” probably means _.Awe were weak Bwe were unhappy Cwe were dissatisfied Dwe were disappointed【答案解析】 词义猜测题。根据There was no shade and our legs were aching可知“我们很累很虚弱”，故A项正确。【例4】 (xx重庆卷A篇)I arrived at my mothers home for our Monday family dinner. The
7、 smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt(被子) after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was perparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of on box.
8、I pulled it out. “What is this？” I asked.“Oh？”Mom said, “Thats Mamas quilt.” I spread the quilt. It looked at if a group of school children had pieced it together: irrugular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.(C)1.Why did the author go to mothers home?ATo see her mothers quilts
9、BTo help prepare for a showCTo get together for the family dinner DTo discuss her grandmothers life(C)2.The underlined word “crooked” in the passage most probably means _. Aunfinished Bbroken Cbent Dunusual【答案解析】1细节理解题。由文章的第一句可知作者回母亲家是为了参加家庭聚餐，故C项正确。2词义猜测题。前面的情况都与一条好的quilt的特点相反，所以crooked的意思应该和其相反，故C
10、项正确。【例5】 (xx安徽卷C篇)How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and harness (保护带) around your chest to hold you. There are ropes tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you dont fall. A beginners wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There
11、are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes its easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, its not. The most difficult is to control your fear. Its normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so its difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from
12、 the wall, the harness and the ropes hold you, and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top.Climbing attracts people because its good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a plete workout. When you clim
13、b, both your mind and your body can bee stronger.(B)1.The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is _.Ato tie ropes to your Bto control your fearCto move away from the wall Dto climb straight up(B)2.The word “workout” underlined in the last paragraph most probably means _.Asettlement Bexercise
14、Cexcitement Dtiredness【答案解析】1选择B。细节理解题。根据its difficult not to feel fear可知，人们在攀墙时很难控制自己的恐惧。2选择B。词义猜测题。第二段第一句中exercise点明本词意义，这种运动给你身体完全的锻炼。解决方案与指南阅读理解中词义猜测题和细节理解题出题知识分类总结如下：1词义猜测题(1)常用提问方式According to the passage, probably means _The author uses the word to mean _What does the underlined word refer to
15、?The word (phrase, clause，.). refers to (most probable means)._What does the word.in Para.stand for?What does the writer mean when he says，“.”？Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word.as it is used in the text?Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word.? (2)解题方法猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。利用定义如：Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very sl
