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1、2022年考博英语-华东师范大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The decision（）, the next problem was how to introduce a new budget.问题1选项A.being madeB.having madeC.was madeD.having been made【答案】D【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：作了决定以后,下一个问题是如何引进新的预算。make与the decision之间为被动关系,首先排除选项B；后面的句子成分完整,如果填入选项C的话,缺少连词,所以排除。根据句意可知,应该是先做完决定,然后再引进预算,所以这里应
2、该用完成时,选项D正确。2. 单选题he board deemed it urgent that these files（）right away.问题1选项A.had to be printedB.should have been printedC.have been printedD.be printed【答案】D【解析】语法题。当句中出现deem, suggest, insist, require等表主观愿望的词时,从句需要使用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形, should可省略。根据句意：委员会认为迫切需要立即把这些文件打印出来。由此可知文件还没打印,所以不用完成时。选项D正确。3.
3、 单选题Parents used to have a（）against rock and roll in the early 1980s.问题1选项A.predictionB.prejudiceC.preferenceD.prominence【答案】B【解析】词义辨折题。prediction预言；prejudice偏见；preference偏爱；prominence显著,突出。句意：在20世纪80年代初,父母们就对摇滚乐有偏见。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial
4、beings were portrayed（）.问题1选项A.had producedB.would have producedC.have been producedD.had been produced【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句意：在1897年到1919年期间,至少有29部电影采用了假人进行拍摄。根据句意可知主谓之间应为被动语态,所以首先排除选项A和B；电影是在过去拍摄的,所以这里的时态应为完成时。选项D正确。5. 单选题（）prohibited in many countries.问题1选项A.The hunting of certain rare animalsB.The hunt
5、ing of certain rare animals isC.Hunting certain rare animals areD.Hunting of certain rare animals are【答案】B【解析】语法题。选A没有谓语动词可首先排除。根据句意：在许多国家,捕获稀有动物是被禁止的。这里指的是捕获稀有动物这件事，所以谓语动词应该为单数，不能被前面的animals迷惑，所以本题选B。6. 单选题It might be supposed that greater efficiency should be achieved if several people collaborate
6、 to solve a problem than if only one individual works on it. The assumption is by no means invariably true.Although groups often may increase the motivation of their members to deal with problems, there is a counter-balancing need to contend with conflicts arising among members of a group and to giv
7、e it coherent directions. Problem-solving is facilitated by the presence of an effective leader who not only provides direction but permits the orderly, constructive expression of a variety of opinions; much of the leaders effort may be devoted to resolving differences. Success in problem-solving al
8、so depends on the distribution of ability within a group. Solutions simply may reflect the presence of an outstanding individual who might perform even better by himself.Although groups may reach a greater number of correct solutions, or may require less time to discover an answer, their net man-hou
9、r efficiency is typically lower than that achieved by skilled individuals working alone.A process called brainstorming has been offered as a method of facilitating the production of new solutions to problems. In brainstorming, a problem is presented to a group of people who then proceed to offer wha
10、tever they can think of, regardless of quality and with as few inhibitions as possible. Theoretically these unrestricted suggestions increase the probability that at least some superior solutions will emerge. Nevertheless, studies show that when individuals work alone under similar conditions, perfo
11、rmance tends to proceed more efficiently than it does in groups.Under special circumstances, however, a group may solve problems more effectively than does a reasonably competent individual. Group members may contribute different (and essential) resources to a solution that no individual can readily
12、 achieve alone; such pooling of information and skills can make group achievements superior in dealing with selected problems. Sometimes social demands may require group agreement on a single alternative, as in formulating national economic or military policies under democratic governments. When onl
13、y one among several alternative solutions is correct, even if a group requires more time, it has a higher probability of identifying the right one than does an individual alone.1.In this passage, the author argues that thinking in groups（）2.The phrase contend with in Paragraph Two most probably mean
14、s （）3.According to the author, compared with an individual, a group （）4.The word brainstorming in Paragraph Four roughly means（）5.It can be seen from the passage that a group will be more efficient in（）问题1选项A.is the best way to solve any problemsB.is by no means useful in problem-solvingC.may result
15、 in effective problem-solving under certain circumstancesD.will inevitably produce greater efficiency in problem-solving than individual thinking问题2选项A.handleB.argue withC.satisfyD.compete with问题3选项A.may need more time to discover an answerB.needs an effective leader to provide directionC.often fails to resolve conflicts among its membersD.will always produce better suggestions问题4选项A.offering a method of facilitating the p
