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1、人体解剖词汇运动系统(Locomotor System)骨学 (Osteology )osteology骨学* bone, bony 骨skeleton, skletal (a.)骨骼long (short, flat) bone长(短，扁)骨irregular bone不规则骨pneumatic bone 含气骨sesamoid bone籽骨，shaft， diaphysis骨干，骨体bony(osseous)substance骨质compact(spongy)bone骨密(松)质trabeculae骨小梁periosteum(外)膜endosteum骨内膜medullary * 或#髓腔r
2、ed(yellow)bone marrow红(黄)骨髓中轴骨骼(Axial Skeleton)躯干骨(Bones of Trunk)* Vertebral(spinel)column 脊柱* vertebral canal椎管intervertebral foramen椎间孑L上（下）胸廓上下口cervical (thoracic, lumbar, sacral) curvature颈(胸，腰，骶)曲vertebra ( pl. vertebrae) 椎骨 vertebral body (arch)椎体(弓)pedicle of vertebral arch椎弓根lamina of verte
3、bral arch椎弓板vertebral foramen椎孑匕spinous process 棘突 transverse process横突superior (inferior) articular process关节突cervical vertebrae 颈椎atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎-prominent vertebrae 嚎& 隆椎 thoracic vertebrae 胸椎 lumbar vertebrae 腰椎 sacrum,sacral bone 骶骨 coccyx 尾骨thoracic cavity胸月空superior (inferior) aperture of tho
4、rax costal arch 肋弓intercostals space肋间隙infrasternal angle胸骨下角* ribs ,costa(costae) 肋* sternum 胸骨Sternal manubrium 胸骨柄Sternal angle (body)胸骨角(体)Xiphoid process 佥|突颅骨(skull)cerebral cranium 脑颅cranial cavity 颅腔calvaria颅盖入、pterion 翼点 jugular foramen 颈静脉孔dinternal surface of base of skull 颅底内面anterior (m
5、iddle,posterior) cranial fossa 颅前中，后)窝facial cranium 面颅orbit 眶bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔piriform aperture,anterior nasal aperture 梨状孔，鼻前孔posterior nasal aperture 鼻后孑 Lbony septum of nose 骨鼻中隔superior (middle, inferior) meatus of nose 上(中，下)鼻道temporal fossa 颞窝zugomatic arch 颧弓infratemporal fossa 颞下窝ptery
6、gopalatine fossa 翼腭窝cranial fontaelles 颅囟anterior (posterior) fontanelle 前(后)囟anterolateral (posterolateral) fontanelle 前(后)外侧囟cranial bones脑颅骨occipital bone枕骨large foramen of occipital bone枕骨大孑Lexternal occipital protuberance 枕外隆凸 superior (inferior) nuchal line 上(下)项线sulcus for transverse sinus, t
7、ransversesulcus 横窦沟sphenoid bone 蝶骨hypophyseal fossa 垂体窝optic canal视神经管round (oval,spinous)foramen 圆(卵圆， 棘)孑1temporal bone 颞骨petrous part 岩部mastoid process 孚匕突carotid canal颈动脉管tympanic tegmen 鼓室盖arcuate eminence 弓状隆起trigeminal impression 三叉神经压迹 internal acoustic pore (port) 内耳门 internal acoustic mea
8、tus (canal) 内耳道 jugular fossa颈静脉窝styloid process 茎突 stylomastoid foramen茎乳孑Lfacial canal 面神经管external acoustic pore (canal )夕卜耳门(道) parietal,parietal bone 顶骨parietal tuber (foramen) 顶结节(孔) frontal bone 额骨xrj%frontal squama (tuber)额鳞(结节) superciliary arch 眉弓supraorbital notch (foramen) 眶上切迹 fossa for
9、 lacrimal gland 泪腺窝 ethmoid bone 筛骨cribriform plate (foramen)筛板(孔) facial bones 面颅骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲lacrimal bone 泪骨nasal bone 鼻骨vomer梨骨* maxilla上颌骨palatine bone 腭骨zygomatic bone 颧骨* mandible下颌骨ramous(angle) of mandible 下颌支(角)masseteric tuberosity 咬肌粗隆coronoid process 冠突丁condylar process 髁突h
10、yoid bone 舌骨附肢骨骼(Appendicular skeleton) shoulder girdle上肢带骨，肩带骨scapula 肩胛骨-acromion肩峰 虹忠粼superior(medial,lateral)border 上(下，夕卜侧)缘coracoid process 喙突superior (inferior, lateral) angle 上(下，夕卜侧)角glenoid cavity 关节盂* clavicle 锁骨bones of free upper limb 自 由上肢骨* Humerus 肱骨head of humerus 肱骨头anatomical(surg
11、ical)neck 解剖(外科)颈greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节crest of greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节嵴sulcus (groove)for radial n.桡神经沟deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车olecranon (coronoid, radial) fossa 鹰嘴(冠突，桡)窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内(外)上髁sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神经沟、* radius 桡骨七head (neck) of
12、radius 桡骨头(颈)articular circumference 环状关节面radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆interosseous border 骨间缘styloid process 茎突ulnal notch 尺切迹carpal articular surface 腕关节面* uana尺骨olecranon 鹰嘴coronoid process 冠突ulnal tuberosity尺骨粗隆trochleal(radial)notch 滑车(桡)切迹head of ulna 尺骨头bones of hand 手骨carpal bones 腕骨scaphoid bone手舟
13、骨lunate bone 月骨triangular bone三角骨pisiform bone豌豆骨 trapezium bone大多角骨trapezoid bone 小多角骨capitate bone头状骨hamate bone，钩骨hamulus (hook) of hamate bone 钩骨钩Metacarpal bones 掌骨phalanges(bones) of fingers 指骨proximal (middle, distal) phalanx 近(中，远)指(或趾)骨下肢骨 (Bones of lower limb)pelvic girdle下肢带骨，盆带骨* hip bon
14、e 髋骨acetabulum 髋臼acetabular fossa (notch)髋臼窝(切迹)obturator foramen闭孑L* Ilium 骼骨body (ala) of ilium骼骨体(翼)arcuate line 弓状线iliac crest 骼嵴Tubercle 骼结节Anterior superior (inferior) iliac spine骼前上(下)棘Posterior superior (inferior) iliac spine 骼后上(下)棘Iliac fossa 骼窝 Auricular surface 耳状面Iliac tuberosity 骼粗隆 .*
15、 Ischium 坐骨 忌* VGreater (lesser) sciatic notch坐骨大(小)切迹* Pubis 耻骨Symphsial surface 耻骨联合面superior (inferior) ramus of pubis 耻骨上下支ililopubic eminence 骼耻隆起pecten of pubis 耻骨梳bones of free lower limb 自 由下肢骨* femur 股骨fovea of femoral head 股骨头凹 head (neck) of femur 股骨头(颈) greater (lesser) trochanter 大小转子 intertrochanteric line 转子间线 intertrochanteric crest 转子间嵴 linea a
