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1、2022年高考英语四海八荒易错集专题11定语从句1. Jane paused in front of a counter some attractive ties were on display.解析考查限制性定语从句的引导词。先行词为a counter，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where。答案where2. He desired to follow that girl，but longed for the woman spirit had truly panioned and supported him.解析考查限制性定语从句的引导词。先行词是the woman，定语从句中名词sp
2、irit缺少定语，故要用whose。答案whose3. Maybe you have a habit is driving your family crazy.答案that/which4.Nicks guests， had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.解析考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。先行词为Nicks guests，指人，且在从句中做主语，故要用who。非限制性定语从句中不可用that引导。答案who5. However there are tim
3、es urgent things are most important as well，for example，helping a crying baby in the kitchen due to the fire stove.解析考查限制性定语从句的引导词。先行词为times，在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。答案when6. The people of Chu mourned Qus death threw rice into the river to feed his ghost every year on the day of his death.解析考查限制性定语从句。先行
4、词是The people of Chu，在从句中作主语，故用who/that。答案who/that7. Bicycles are held to the same standards as motor vehicles in most cases， means that cyclists must obey all the traffic rules，and also have the right to get damages in the accidents.解析考查非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句中作主语，指物要用which。答案which8. After that，well be mo
5、ving on to Tanzania， were going to climb Mount Kilimanjaro.解析考查非限制性定语从句。之后我们将继续到坦桑尼亚，在那里我们要爬乞力马扎罗山。先行词为Tanzania，在定语从句中作地点状语，故要用where引导。答案where9. Once upon a time there was a rich merchant had 4 wives.解析考查限制性定语从句。先行词为a rich merchant，在定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。答案who/that10. In the following years，there we
6、re fewer dropouts and more college graduates in my village， I am proud of even today.答案which易错起源1、正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法 例1. It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.解析句意：这真是一个令人开心的地方，它看起来和一百年前一模一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。which代替先
7、行词place，在定语从句中用作主语，引导非限制性定语从句。不可用that。答案which【名师点睛】1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用， 修饰名词或代词2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用When，是地点名词就用Where。4.当先行词指物时，许多情况下既可以用关系代词which，也可以用关系代词that，但在下列情况下，只能使用关系代词that。 (1)当先行词是不定代词all，much，little，someting，ev
8、erything，anything，nothing，none，the one时。例如:Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?You should hand in all that you have.(2)当先行词前面有only，any，few，little，no， all，very等词修饰时。例如:This is the very book that Im looking for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.(3)当先行词是形容词最高级时或
9、它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。例如:This is the best that has heen wsed against pollution.This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.(4)当先行词是序数词或它前有一个序数词时，例如This train is the last that will go to Huangzhou.What is the first Anerican film that you have seen?(5)当先行词既人又有物时，例如:Do you know the things and persons
10、 that they are talking about?(6)当主句的主语是疑句词who或which时。例如:Which is the bike that you lost?who is the boy that won the gold medal?【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词正用which，另外一个空用that。例如: They secretly buit up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.易错起源2、对介词后接关系代词的考查 例2、Lily took a f
11、ew friends to my birthday party，none of _ I was familiar with.AwhichBwhose CthatDwhom答案D【名师点睛】“介词+关系代词”引导的定词从句是定词从句中较复杂的一种，一般多用于上式文件中。此类定语从句的关系代词主要有which， whom，whose。它们既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性 定语从句。学习这种定语从句时主注意以下几种情况:一、注意介词的先取。在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，介词的选取应根据以下几点:1.根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。例如: Who is the man with
12、 whom you just shook hands?The Two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.2.根据定语从句意思的需要，此时前后搭配都要注意。例如:He had a bad cold,because of which he didnt attend the meeting.The speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition. 3.根据意思可用复杂介词，如by meansof，asa
13、result of，in front of，in the back of，a11 Of，most of等，例如:The instrument by means of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer.There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom ae working hard at a problem in maths.二、注意关系代词的选取。在“介词 + 关系代词”引导的空语从句中，如果，关系代词指事物就用 which;如果指人则用whom;若表示“”
14、的则用 whose.例如: This is the classroom in which we studided last year He lives in a house, whose door opens to then north.【锦囊妙计，战胜自我】注意“介词 + where”引导的定语从句。有时有阅读过程中我们会碰到“介词 + where”引导的定语从句，此时要和“介词+which”引导的定语从句从意义上加以区别。例如:They stood on the top of the building, from where they could see the whole city. (
15、 from where 相当于) from the top of the building, 而不是 from the building) 易错起源3、关系代词as的用法例3. The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.解析句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了17%。as引导的定语从句，在这里作主语，意为“正如，这一点”，代替整个主句的内容。答案as 【名师点睛】关系代词as既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。1.as引导限制性定语从句时，一般用于下列句式:其中关系代词as在从句中可担当主语、宾语或表语。例如:We have found such materials as are used in their factory. (作主语)Such people as you describle ar
