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1、Unit 1PART n FOCUSDeno tati on and Conno tati onSuggested an swer to the questi onIf it is your teacher, most probably you will choose b, as the word portly has an implication of a more or less dignified and imposing appearance(e.g. an elderly gentleman, large and portly). However, if it is a doorke
2、eper, an amiable middle-aged woman, you may choose the word plump as it implies a pleasing fullness of figure (e.g. the plump goddessesof Renaissancepaintings). From this exercise we can con clude that words that share the same deno tative meanings can be diverse in their conno tative meanin gs.Refe
3、re nee for the Classroom Activities1. father: the male pare nt. It conno tes support and sternn ess; it also conno tes protect ion but in a serious fashi on.wildflower: uncultivated plant; it connotes vitality and pleasantness.2.WordDeno tati onConno tati onSentencegolda precious yellow metalwealth,
4、value,precious ness, etcSile nee is gold.moonthe n atural body that moves around the earth once every 28 daystranq uility,purity,somethi ng out of reach, etc.Theres no point hop ing for peace in the coun try. It slike ask ing for the moon.icewater frozen so that it has become solidcold ness,indiffer
5、enee, cruelty, death, etc.The ice in his voice was only to hide the pa in.bloodred liquid flowing through the bodies of humans and an imalsfamily backgro und, desce nt,race,temperame nt, etc.Blood is thicker than water.2. a. In the West, every male person has the good qualities of males, such as bra
6、very, spirit, and tough ness.b. Any way, she has the characteristics of a woma n, such as frailty and delicacy.AttitudeRefere nee for the Classroom Activities 1.FavorableNeutralUnfav orableuniq ue, qua intstra ngebizarre, abno rmalresolute, steadfaststubbor n, doggedpigheadedcomplime nt (v.)praise,
7、comme nd, flatterlick ones bootssenior citize nold pers onfossilbachelor girlsi ngle woma nspin ster2. a. unique b. pigheaded c. flattered d. fossil e. spin sterCollocati onSuggested an swers to the exercise#a.do somebody a favorb.do somebody goodc.make a gestured.do evile.do harmf.make an effortRef
8、erence for the Classroom Activities1. 1) D 2) D 3) A 4) B 5) C 6) C 7) BFalse FriendsSuggested answers to the questionThe misunderstanding occurs due to the use of homonyms or false friends flour or flower , ground (as the past participle of the verbgrind ) and ground (meaning the solid surface of t
9、he earth). In this excerpt, the use of false friends adds a humorous effect to the text.Reference for the Classroom Activities1. The false friends arelie meaning to keep ones body in a flat position, and lie meaning to say something dishonest.2. a. Your feverrose yesterday.b. That racket is bad enou
10、gh to make Aunt Ellas eyebrowsraised.c. Jack has beenlying around all day.d. The soldierslaid aside their weapons.e. A heavy foglay over the land.f. White stationery is always appropriate.g. Is that tablestationary , or can it be moved to another corner of the room?h. It is easier to talk about apri
11、nciple than to live by it.i. Our principal played on the faculty football team against the school all-stars.3. Some other false friends:fair vs. fareIt snot fair to put all the blame on him.Bus fares are going up again.passedvs. pastI passed the landlady on the stairs this morning.Several boys went
12、past us on mountain bikes.intensevs. intensiveShe suddenly felt an intense pain in her stomach.He took an intensive course on English.farther vs. furtherThe fogs so thick; I cant see farther than about five meters.Every day she thinks further and further into depression.PART III GARMMARSubject-Verb
13、AgreementWhen the subject is compoundRefere nee for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary1. A compound subject with and takes a plural verb in most cases, but when it expresses a sin gular meaning or whe n each of the sin gular subjects is con sidere( in dividually, it takes a sin gular verb.2. After a co
14、mpound subject with or, nor, either or, neithernor, notbut, the verb agrees in nu mber and pers on with the n earer part of the subject.3. Intervening phrases or clauses not introduced by coordinating conjunctions do no affect the nu mber of a verb. Such phrases are no rmally in troduced by preposit
15、i on or prepositions or prepositional phrasessuch as as well as, as much as, rather tha n, along with, in additi on to, together with, with, plus, and in cludi ng.Whe n the subject expresses qua ntityRefere nee for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary1. Nominal phrases of time, money, weight and measurement normally take a sin gular verb.2. Some words or phrases, such aall, most, half, the last, the rest, take a singular or plural verb, depe nding on the meaning of the noun or pronoun that follows.3. Phrases like lots of, heaps of, loads of take sin
