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1、基于模糊控制算法的锅炉燃烧控制系统的研究摘 要模糊控制是一种以模糊集合论、模糊语言变量以及模糊逻辑推理为数学基础的新型计算机控制方法。由于它不依赖于被控对象的精确数学模型，而是模拟人的思维方式来实施控制，因而对于锅炉燃烧的控制就具有了传统PID控制所无法比拟的自适应能力。本文以2台50t/h燃煤锅炉的燃烧控制为课题，以改进原有PID控制为目的，以当前发展比较迅速的模糊控制理论为手段，提出了采用8051单片机控制变频器改变给煤机、引风机和送风机转速的设计方案，实现了燃烧过程的计算机控制。系统对锅炉燃烧进行监控，通过传感器采样信号，计算是否达到最佳含氧量、最佳风煤比，来控制给煤量、引风量和送风量，
2、使燃烧达到最佳热效率和提高锅炉运行的经济效益。用MATLAB对应用模糊自整定PID控制器的锅炉燃烧控制系统模型进行仿真研究。针对锅炉这种具有非线性、参数不稳定、难以建立精确数学模型的控制对象，采用传统的PID控制，效果不佳。结合模糊控制理论和PID控制，本文提出用模糊自整定控制器实现对锅炉的控制。并利用MATLAB仿真工具对模糊自整定PID控制器的性能作了初步研究。仿真结果表明，明显优于传统PID控制，具有超调量小、过渡时间短、稳定性好、适应性强等特点，能够达到预期的控制效果。 关键词：锅炉；模糊自整定控制；单片机；系统仿真Research On The Boiler Burning Cont
3、rol System Based On Fuzzy Control AlgorithmAbstractFuzzy control is a fuzzy set theory，fuzzy linguistic variables and fuzzy logic mathematical basis of the new computer-controlled method. Because it does not rely on accurate mathematical model of the controlled object，but simulate human thinking to
4、implement a control，thus for boiler combustion control is having the adaptability of traditional PID control cant match.In this paper， two 50t/h coal-fired boilers burning control system was studied as its thesis， the primary PID controller was improved as its purpose， and fuzzy control theory devel
5、oped rapidly at Present was applied as its means. The design scheme is that controlling transducers change rotate speed of supplying coal electromotor，fan，and blower using 8051 micro-controller. It realized computer control of burning process. This system finished supervisory control of boiler burni
6、ng， sampled signals through sensor and calculated the signals whether reached the best content of oxygen and the best wind-coal ratio. Using it controls the quantity of coal， entering wind and sending wing for reaching the best thermal efficiency of burning and improving economy benefit of boiler ru
7、nning. Simulation of boiler burning control system was also performed to study the controllers self-adaptive fuzzy control by MATLAB.Aiming at the nonlinear object of boiler with instability parameter and difficult building math model，using traditional PID controller cant reach the best effect. Comb
8、ining fuzzy control theory and PID control， an adaptive controller to control boiler is proposed in this paper. And the capability of the self-adaptive fuzzy controller was studied using MATLAB simulation. Simulation result shows Fuzzy-PID is better than PID controller. Fuzzy-PID has many characteri
9、stics，such as small exceeded value，short transition，better stability and strong adaptability etc，and can reach anticipative control effect.Keywords：boiler；self-adaptive fuzzy controller；SCM；simulation目 录摘 要IAbstractII第 1 章 绪 论11.1引言11.2国内外研究现状21.3研究对象及设计内容2第2章 链条燃煤锅炉的控制42.1 链条燃煤锅炉系统的简介42.1.1 燃煤链条锅炉的
10、结构42.1.2 锅炉工作过程52.1.3 锅炉的主要控制系统62.2 锅炉燃烧系统的动态特性62.2.1 燃料传送过程62.2.2 燃料燃烧过程72.2.3 蒸汽形成过程72.3 锅炉供暖系统的控制要求72.4 锅炉燃烧控制系统框图92.4.1 给煤调节系统的设计92.4.2 送风调节系统的设计112.4.3 引风调节系统的设计132.4.4 炉膛负压调节系统132.5 计算机控制系统142.5.1 计算机控制系统一般概念142.5.2 计算机控制系统设计原理14第3章 控制算法163.1 引言163.2 PID控制163.3 模糊控制183.3.1 模糊控制器183.3.2 模糊控制系统原
11、理框图193.4 模糊PID复合控制203.4.1 PID参数模糊自整定控制原理203.4.2 PID参数Fuzzy整定模型203.4.3 模糊自整定PID控制器233.5 简化的模糊PID控制243.5.1 二维模糊控制243.5.2 三维模糊控制253.6 链条锅炉燃烧控制方案26第4章 系统硬件设计294.1 硬件结构294.2 系统功能304.3 硬件配置31第5章 软件设计355.1 软件设计原则355.2 软件实现功能355.3 主程序流程图365.4 锅炉点火子程序375.5 A/D采样子程序流程图385.6控制算法子程序流程图39第6章 系统仿真406.1 仿真工具介绍406.
12、2 供暖锅炉燃烧控制系统仿真40第7章 结论437.1 设计完成的主要工作437.2 尚待完善的工作43参考文献44谢 辞46their own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition perform
13、ance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienatio
14、n and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual bene
15、fit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, fir
