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1、2022年考博英语-西南科技大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,（ ）of course, made the others jealous.问题1选项A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构：从句与主句之间有逗号隔开，独立存在，去掉了也不会影响整个句子的意思，所以这里用的是非限定定语从句。句意：海伦对她最小的孩子比别的孩子好，当然这使得其他孩子很嫉妒。此处which引导非限
2、制性定语从句，指代海伦对她最小的孩子比别的孩子好这个事情，所以本题的正确选项是B选项。2. 单选题He（ ）spends his holidays in the mountains though occasionally he goes to the seaside instead.问题1选项A.usuallyB.constantlyC.invariablyD.always【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项usually“通常，经常”，表示频率高，允许有例外；B选项constantly“不断地；时常地”，表示一个动作不断发生，一成不变；C选项invariably “总是，不变地，一如既往的
3、”，表示一成不变的持续动作；D选项always“总是，常常”，频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续、中间没有间断。句意：他通常在山里度假，但偶尔去海边。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。3. 单选题The government（ ）regulations that put this archeological site under protection.问题1选项A.dischargedB.releasedC.issuedD.published【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项discharge“准许（某人）离开，释放，排出”；B选项release“释放，发泄，免除”；C选项issu
4、e“发行，发布”；D选项publish“出版，发表，公布”。句意：政府颁布条例来保护这个考古遗址。由选项意思和句意可知，C选项符合句意。4. 单选题He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do,（ ）that he paid me back the following week.问题1选项A.on occasionB.on purposeC.on conditionD.only if【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项on occasion“间或，有时”，例句：It has,on occasion，created troub
5、le for the bank. (有时，这给银行造成麻烦。)；B选项on purpose“故意”，例句：I came here on purpose to see you.（我特地来这里看你。)；C选项on condition“在条件下，如果，倘若”，例句：You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat. (你要穿上外套才能出去。)；D选项only if“只要，只有”。用于句首时，后面主句的主谓语要倒装，例如：Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to
6、 enter this room.（只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进这屋。)。四个选项中只有C选项on condition后面跟that从句，表示“在条件下”。句意：他向我借钱，我同意了，但条件是下周还钱。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。5. 单选题All the parts of the washing machine are（ ）, so that it is very convenient to replace them.问题1选项A.normalizedB.standardizedC.mechanizedD.modernized【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项normalize
7、“正常化，常规化，规格化”；B选项standardize “标准化，使标准化”；C选项mechanize“使机械化，机械化”；D选项modernize“使现代化”，句意：这台洗衣机的所有零件都标准化了，所以要更换它们很方便。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。6. 单选题Good salesmen know by（ ）the best approach to take with a particular customer.问题1选项A.bentB.geniusC.instinctD.faculty【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项bent“天赋，爱好”；B选项genius“天才，天赋”；
8、C选项instinct“本能，直觉”；D选项faculty“能力，功能”。句意：优秀的推销员凭直觉就知道应对特定客户的最佳方法。由选项意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C选项符合句意。7. 单选题Dont let such a（ ）matter as this come between us so that we can concentrate on the major issue.问题1选项A.trivialB.partialC.slightD.minimal【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项trivial“不重要的，琐碎的”，trivial matter是固定搭配，表示“琐事”；B选项par
9、tial“偏爱的，不公平的”；C选项slight“轻微的，少量的”；D选项minimal“最低的，最小限度的”。句意：不要让这件小事造成我们之间的障碍，以便我们能够将精力集中在主要的事情上。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。8. 翻译题Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.Many believe that science is merely a collection of facts, that it develops by the gathering o
10、f these facts and slowly approaches the truth about nature. According to this view, the so-called scientific method is the basis for scientific development. The scientific method is said to have three steps.The first step is that of careful observationoften involves looking for relationships among d
11、ifferent kinds of events. If a specific relationship seems to be true in a number of cases, without any exceptions, then it may be hypothesized that the relationship holds in general. The second step of the scientific method may be the formulation of such a general hypothesis. Or it may be an attemp
12、t to explain phenomena by theorizing the existence of a deeper reality. The third step, the testing of the theory, may involve further experimental testing of hypothesized relationships. Or it may be experimental verification of new phenomena predicted by a new theory.【答案】很多人认为，科学只是事实的积累，科学通过收集这些事实而
13、获得发展，并慢慢地接近自然真理。根据这一观点，所谓科学的研究方法正是科学发展的基础。科学的研究方法可以包括三个阶段。第一阶段仔细观察阶段，常常需要寻找各种事件之间的关系。如果某一特定关系在很多情况下看来都正确而无一例外，则可以假设这种关系是普遍存在的。科学研究方法的第二阶段可能是将这种一般的假设公式化，也可能是试图通过对更深刻的现实存在进行推理来解释各种现象。第三阶段，即检验真理阶段，可能需要对所假设的关系通过实验进一步加以检验，也可能通过实验来证明新理论所预言的新现象。9. 单选题A great amount of work has gone into（ ）the Cathedral to
14、its previous splendor.问题1选项A.refreshingB.restoringC.renovatingD.renewing【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项refresh“振作，恢复活力”；B选项restore“恢复，修复”，强调恢复原貌；C选项renovate“更新，修复”，强调整修一新；D选项renew“使更新，使修复”。句意：为了使大教堂恢复昔日的辉煌，进行了大量的工作。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。10. 单选题In order to survive now and（ ）in the future, all the working staff must
15、 constantly create new ideas for every aspect of your business.问题1选项A.maximizeB.thriveC.erectD.recruit【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项maximize“最大化，极大”；B选项thrive“繁荣，兴旺，茁壮成长”；C选项erect“竖立，建造，创立”；D选项recruit“征募，聘用”。句意：为了现在的生存和未来的繁荣，所有的员工必须不断地为企业的各个方面创造新的想法。由选项意思和句意可知，B选项符合句意。11. 单选题A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide-the division of the
