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1、题目On TheWashback Effect of the Oral English Test for Junior High Schools English Teaching 英语口试对初中英语教学的反拨作用南宁市天桃实验学校 英语教师 雷畅2014年12 月ContentsAbstract11 Introduction11.1 Current Situation of Oral English Test11.2 Significance of the Present Study21.3 Structure of the Thesis32. Literature Review32.1 Th
2、e Concept of Washback32.2 Previous Studies of Washback42.2.1 Previous Studies of Washback Abroad42.2.2 Previous Studies of Washback at Home43. Research Design53.1 Subjects53.2 Instruments53.3 Purposes of the Survey73.4 Procedures74. Result Analysis and Discussion84.1 Analysis of the Questionnaire Re
3、sults84.2 Analysis of Class Observation94.3 Analysis of Individual Interview104.4 Main Findings and the Reasons114.5 Problems in Spoken English Teaching124.5.1 Subjective Factors124.5.2 Objective Factors125. Suggestions for the Further Research and Further Oral English Teaching135.1 Suggestions for
4、the Further Oral English Teaching135.2 Suggestions for the Further Research156. Conclusion15Bibliography16On TheWashback Effect of the Oral English Test for Junior High Schools English TeachingLei-ChangAbstract: Oral English test is one of significant part of junior high schools English teaching. It
5、 is necessary to systematically enhance the development of oral English test to improve junior high school students oral communicative competence. Washback plays an important role in language testing and yet there has been little theoretical or empirical study of it in our country. In view of this,
6、this paper is intended to establish a rational procedure and a comprehensive model for the study of washback, on the basis of an in-depth analysis and discussion of dimensions of washback conceptualization, aspects of teaching and learning affected by a test, and factors mediating washback. And then
7、 the thesis discusses the reasons of the existence problem in current oral English test and provides further suggestions for them.Key words: washback effect; English teaching; oral English test 英语口试对初中英语教学的反拨作用雷 畅摘 要 口语测试是中学英语教学活动的重要组成部分之一.所以很有必要去推进英语口语测试的实施。反拨作用在语言测试研究中占有极其重要的地位，但是目前国内对反拨作用的研究无论是在理
8、论还是实证方而都还十分匮乏，尤其是缺乏一个反拨作用研究的理论模型。鉴于此，我们对反拨作用的概念层而、语言测试对教与学各方而的影响、促进反拨作用的各种因素进行了探讨，并在此基础上建立起反拨作用研究程序和综合理论模型。关键词 反拨作用；英语教学；英语口语测试1 Introduction1.1 Current Situation of Oral English TestLiu (2000) argued, Among the four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing, speaking has a special status i
9、n learning a foreign language, because the ultimate target of learning a foreign language is to use the language as a tool for communication and this kind of communication should first refer to oral communication. In his opinion, a scientific language test should measure students communicative compe
10、tence. Without oral tests, any kind of language test is far from perfect and scientific. In short, oral English test is the examination which uses the way of oral expression to test students fluency of language. Although our Chinese students have learned English since they entered primary school, ev
11、en kindergarten，their spoken language expression ability is not good. What they have learned is just to cope with English test instead of talking with others in English fluently. That is damage to English education, so in recent years many countries have put more attention to oral English teaching i
12、n junior high school. Until now, many provinces in our country are tempting to add oral English test to add oral English test to the senior high school entrance examination. For example, the oral English test of Dongguan has been introduced and implemented in Guangdong Province Education Bureau sinc
13、e 2006 as a part of senior high school entrance examination of English. According to the syllabus for senior high school entrance examination (2006), the ultimate target of this oral test is to improve students comprehensive communicative competence and facilitate the innovation of oral English teac
14、hing. The result of oral English test is used for senior high schools to select their students. So far, it has been implemented for about eight years. There is rich experience from the test to contribute to the effective implement. It has strong positive effects on English teaching and learning, par
15、ticularly at the earlier stage of its implementation.1.2 Significance of the Present StudyWashback was usually considered the degree of effect of a test about teaching and learning. With the development of economy and the entry of WTO, the international exchanges and cooperation are more and more ex
16、tensive. English has become an international language. The goal of learning a language is to apply in real life, so oral communication in English is more and more important. The goal of junior high school English teaching is to cultivate students ability of using comprehensive language. It is based on language
