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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Tests of reaction times seemed to back up the notion that the two hemispheres differed in their processing styles. Researchers used to believe that an image goes to one hemisphere first, and then to the opposite side of the brain. If the nature of the stimulus and
2、 the preference of the hemisphere match up, then the person can respond slightly more quickly and accurately in identifying the local or global image.Still more startling, researchers found that the same appeared to hold for the brains of chimps and perhaps other primates. The assumption has always
3、been that handedness and brain asymmetry are strictly human traits-part of the great brain reorganization that allowed our ancestor to use tools, speak and perhaps even think rationally. But handedness is now widely claimed for primates and even birds, amphibians and whales. And in the past few year
4、s, some psychologists have tested chimps and baboons and suggested their two hemispheres also differ in processing style.Now researchers have come to see the distinction between the two hemispheres as a subtle one of processing style, with every mental faculty shared across the brain, and each side
5、contributing in a complementary, not exclusive, fashion. A smart brain became one that simultaneously grasped both the foreground and the background of the momentThe next problem was to work out exactly how the brain manages to produce these two contrasting styles. Many researchers originally looked
6、 for the explanation in a simple wiring difference within the brain. This theory held that neurons in the left cortex might make sparse, short-range connections with their neighbors, while cells on the other side would be more richly and widely connected The result would be that the representation o
7、f sensations and memories would be confined lo smallish, discrete areas in the left hemisphere, while exactly the same input to a corresponding area of the right side would form a sprawling even impressionistic pattern of activity.Supporters of this idea argued that these structural differences woul
8、d explain why left brain language areas are so good at precise representation of words and word sequences while the right brain seems to supply a wider sense of context and meaning. A striking finding from some people who suffer right-brain stokes is that they can understand the literal meaning of s
9、entences-their left brain can still decode the wordsbut they can no longer get jokes or allusions. Asked to explain even a common proverb, such as a stitch in time saves nine, they can only say it must have something to do with sewing. An intact right brain is needed to make the more playful connect
10、ions.1.The local or global image is more quickly and accurately identified in the brain if（ ）.2.Handedness and brain asymmetry are strictly human traits, as is shown in （ ）.3.According to the text, a smart brain has all the following characteristics EXCEPT（ ）.4.What is the problem of the people who
11、suffer right-brain strokes?5.The best title for the text may be（ ）.问题1选项A.tests of reaction times back up the notion of the two hemispheresB.an image goes to one hemisphere n:st, and then to the opposite side of the brainC.the nature of the stimulus and the preference of the hemisphere match upD.the
12、 person can match the image with an object问题2选项A.the brains of chimps and perhaps other primatesB.the fact that the great brain reorganization allowed our ancestor to use toolsC.the fact that human beings alone can use tools, speak and think rationallyD.the two brain hemispheres of chimps and baboon
13、s问题3选项A.with different processing styleB.with shared mental facultyC.each side contributing in a complementaryD.grasping the foreground and the background of the moment问题4选项A.They can hardly understand the literal meaning of sentences.B.Their left brain can still decode the words.C.They do not under
14、stand the common proverb a stitch in time saves nine.D.They cannot grasp the meaning of jokes or allusions.问题5选项A.Left Brain, Right BrainB.The Local of Global ImageC.Human Brain and Animal BrainD.The Smart Brain【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.根据文章第一段最后一句If the nature of the stimulus and the prefe
15、rence of the hemisphere match up, then the person can respond slightly more quickly and accurately in identifying the local or global image可知选项C符合题意。2.文章原句The assumption has always been that handedness and brain asymmetry are strictly human traits-part of the great brain reorganization that allowed
16、our ancestor to use tools, speak and perhaps even think rationally提到了左撇子和大脑不对称被认为是人类独有的特性，主要是因为能够赋予我们祖先实用工具、说话甚至理性思考的能力。因此选项C符合题意。3.文章第三段提及了一个聪明大脑应该具备的条件，根据原文可知选项B、C、D都在该段提及，选项A 与原文“as a subtle one of processing style”不一致，因而符合题意。4.文章最后一段A striking finding from some people who suffer right-brain stokes is that th
