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1、高中英语语法重点难点回顾1. 主谓一致常考难题：Five minutes is enough to do this exercise Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future More than one student has seen the film.Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. More members than one are against your plan. 一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时 , 谓语通常用复 数形式： glasses,
2、 clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors 等。但如果主语用 a kind of , a pair of , a series of 等加名词构成时 , 谓语动 词一般用单数形式。 A pair of shoes was on the desk 并列主语如果指的是同一个人、 同一事物或同一概念时 , 谓语动词用单 数形式 , 这时 and 后面的名词没有冠词。例如 :Truth and honesty is the best policy The girls teacher and friend is a young d
3、octor To love and to be loved is the great happiness.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.A knife and fork is on the table.当主语后面跟有 as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等 引导的词组时 ,
4、其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如 : The teacher as well as the students was excitedThe room with its furniture was rented A (great) number of 修饰可数复数名词 , 谓语动词用复数 ; a great deal of, a large amount of 修饰不可数名词 , 其短语作主语时 , 谓语动词用单 数。关系代词 who, that, which 等在定语从句中作主语时 , 其谓语动词的数 应与句中先行词的数一致。例如 :Those who want to go pl
5、ease sign your names here Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun 季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称，球类、棋类 名词名称前一般不加冠词。1/2 one(a) half 1/4 one(a) quarter2. 形容词的顺序：系动词 be，grow，get，become，feel，appear，prove，seem，look ，keep， smell，taste，sound， turn ， remain 限定词 +数量形容词 (序数词在前， 基数词在后 )+性状形容词 +大小、长
6、短、高低等形体 +新旧 +颜色+国藉 + 材料Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table某些以 a-开首的形容词例如：afraid , alike, alone, asleep, awake, alive等只能作表语 ,不能作定语。某些以 -ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词： friendly , lively , lovely, lonely , likely , deadly, silly , orderly, timely 等。1) close 接近地2) free 免费地3) hard 努力地4) late 晚,迟5)
7、 most 极,非常closely 仔细地,密切地 freely 自由地 ,无拘束地hardly 几乎不 lately 近来 mostly 主要地6)wide 广阔地,充分地 widely 广泛地7) high 高8) deep 深,迟9) loud 大声地10) near 邻近3. 比较级,最高级highly 高度地,非常地deeply 抽象意义的 “深”loudly 大声地 (含有喧闹的意思 )nearly 几乎表示一方不及另一方时，用“les吿原级+ than 的结构表示：This room isless beautiful than that one 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,
8、可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如： even, a lot, a bit, a little , still , much, far, yet, by far 等修饰： He works even harder than before 注意 :by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面 ,应在二者中间加“the。”He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。superior，juni
9、or，senior 等。He is superior to Mr. Wang in mathematics 在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。 that 指物, one 既可指人,也可指物。 that 可代替可数名词单 数和不可数名词,而 one 只能代替可数名词。例如：The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型 :A
10、 is three (four, etc.) times the size (height, length, width, etc) of B. The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高 )。高三倍A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。A is three (four,
11、etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B. 例如 :Your school is three times bigger than ours. 你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。 表示两倍可以用 twice 或 double 。表示 “最高程度 ”的形容词，如 excellent ， extreme， perfect 等，没有最 高级，也不能用比较级。4. so, such 如果复数名词前有many、few ，不可数名词前有much、little 等表示量的形容词时，该用so而不用such。如：Ive had so many falls th
12、at Im black and blue all over.Mr. White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together.但little不表示数量而表示小的意思时，仍用such。如：They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.5. almost 与 nearly在 very, pretty, not 后用 nearly,不用 almost。例如： Im not nea
13、rly ready.在 any, no, none, never 前用 almost, 不用 nearly。例如：I almost never see her.6. 情态动词need 表示“需要 ”或“必须 ”作,情态动词时 ,仅用于否定句或疑问句中。 在 肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to 或 should 代替。例如：You neednt come so early.Need I finish the work today? Yes, you must.注意：need nt have done表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事。例如： You neednt ha
14、ve waited for me.“ should have done表示应该做到而实际上没有做到。You should have started earlier.“ ought to have done表示过去应做某事而实际未做。You ought to have helped him (but you didnt)书报的标题 ,小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。表示感觉 ,愿望和状态的某些动词如have, be, hear, see, like 等词一般不用进行时。7. 主动结构表被动有些动词形式上是主动结构,但表示被动的意思。常见的有可和well,easily 等副词连用的不及物动词 sel
15、l, wash, write, read, clean, cook 等。 例如：The cloth washes well. 这布很经洗。The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。The pen writes well. 这支笔很好写。8. 虚拟语气的结构“ (should片动词原形在动词 arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest 等后面的宾语从句中用 “ (should) 动词原形 ”虚(拟语 气 ) 例如：We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.We insisted that they (should) go with us.The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.He demanded that we (should) start right away.作 advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request 等名词 的
