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1、-非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词:a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词)概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, butleft her handbag on her seat.动词不定式一动词不定式的时态和被动形式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动
2、词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：1 一般式to do 例如：I like to read English.2 进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time.3 完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.4 被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon.5 完成被动式to have been done例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yest
3、erday.二. 动词不定式的用法I.作主语(1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。To see is to believeNot to get there in time is your fault.(2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It + 谓语 + to doIt takes us an hour _to_ get there by bus.句型2：Its + n. + to doIts our duty _to_ help the poor.It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday
4、 in the mountains.句型3： It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的）It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help.Its impolite of you to speak to the te
5、acher like that.II.作宾语接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.I dont e*pect to meet you here(1)常见动词有：like, demand, e*pect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail,manage,learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish等They wanted _to get_( get ) on the bus, didnt the
6、y He said he wished _to be_( be ) a professor.(2)it作形式宾语I find/feel to work with himinteresting I find/feel it interesting to work with himSubject+ find/think/feel/make/ considerit+adj/n + to do sth.1.Wethought_it_better_to_startearly. 2.Doyouconsider_it_betternot_to_go3.Ifeel_it_myduty_to_changeall
7、that. 4.We think it _ important _to _ obey the law.5.I know _it _ impossible _to _ finish so much homework in a day.(3)常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, e*plain, know, discover, He taught us how to use the tool.No one could tell me where to get the book.I h
8、avent decided whether to go or stay. 下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过try to do 企图做，尽力做 try doing 试着做go on to do 继续做（另一件事） go on doing 继续做（同一件事）mean to do 打算做 mean doing
9、意味做In some parts of London, missing a bus means _A_ for another hour.A waiting B to waiting C wait D to be waitingBoys, dont forget _D_ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. closingB. closedC. to closingD. to closeShe reached the top of the hill and stopped _C_ on a big rock.A. to have reste
10、dB. restingC. to restD. restRemember _A_ the lights when you leave the office.A. to turn offB. turning offC. turn offD. to turning off(4)在cannot but, cannot choose/help but 之后接不带to的不定式I have no choice but _to wait_.（wait）“前有do,后无to”I cant do anything but _go_ (go )out with her.III.作宾语补足语1. Illgetsom
11、eone_to_repairtherecorderforyou. 2. Whatcausedhim_to_changehismind advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, e*pect, encourage, force, get, hate, invite , order, wish,want, warn, remind, promise, permit, persuade, request+sb. to do注意：（1）在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch,
12、observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。如：They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree.(2)help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to. I often help him （to）clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things.He is often heard _to sing_(sing) the song.Though he o
13、ften made his deskmate _cry_(cry), today he was made _to cry_(cry) by his deskmate.IV作定语I have something to tell you. (不定式作定语)1) 不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系 Do you have anything to wash today2) 不定式用来说明所修饰词的内容I have no chance to go there.3) 被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语She is always the last to leave the room.4) 不定式为不及物动词且和所修饰的
14、名词是动宾关系时，须加介词1.The house is not big enough for us all_A_.A. to live inB. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in2. Would you please pass me the knife _A_A. to cut the fruit withB. to cut the fruitC. cutting the fruitD. cutting the fruit with3.I have something important to say. Please find a piece
15、 of paperto write on（写上）4.E*cuse me，could I use your pen for a moment.I have no pen to write with（写）V.作状语不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因、结果。I came here to see youWe were very e*cited to hear the newsHe hurried to the school to find nobody there. 对比To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary.To learn English well, a good d
