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1、2022年考博英语-西南林业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The chocolate company maintained stable sales _ and increased profits by 4.7% in the fiscal period ending in February.问题1选项A.volumesB.rowsC.dimensionsD.outputs【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项 volumes “体积，容量”；B选项rows “一排，一行；一排座位；排屋，排房”；C选项 dimensions “规模，大小”；D选项outputs “输出
2、”。句意：在2月份结账期结束巧克力公司保持稳定的销售，并增加了4.7%的利润。sales volumes为固定搭配，译为销售量，因此A选项正确。2. 单选题Many scientists remain skeptical about the value of this research program.问题1选项A.consciousB.doubtfulC.noveltyD.obscure【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项 conscious “意识到的；故意的；神志清醒的”；B选项 doubtful “可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能确定的”；C选项 novelty “新奇；新奇的
3、事物；新颖小巧而廉价的物品”；D选项 obscure “昏暗的，朦胧的；晦涩的，不清楚的；隐蔽的；不著名的，无名的”。句意：许多科学家对这个研究项目的价值仍持怀疑态度。结合此处关键词 skeptical “怀疑的”，得知B选项正确。3. 翻译题A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of mans life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus t
4、he best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters. “They are never alone,” said Sir Philip Sidney, “that are accompanied by noble thoughts.”The good and true thought may in times of temptation be as an angl
5、e of mercy purifying and guarding the soul. It also enshrines the germs of action, for good words almost always inspire to good works.【答案】好书常如最精美的宝器，珍藏着人生的思想的精华；因为人的生活世界主要是他的思想世界。因此，最好的书是金玉良言和崇高思想的宝库，这些良言和思想若铭记于心并多加珍视，就会成为我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。菲利普西德尼爵士说过：“有高尚思想做伴的人永不孤独。”在我们受到诱惑的时候，美好真实的思想可以作为一种仁慈的视角，净化和保护我们
6、的灵魂。这同样孕育着行为的萌芽，因为金玉良言总能激励善行。4. 单选题Food subsidies are necessary for keeping down the price of dairy products and bread.问题1选项A.controlsB.aidsC.accumulationsD.transformations【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项controls“控制；控制装置”；B选项 aids“艾滋病”；C选项 accumulations“积聚，累积；堆积物”；D选项 transformations“转变”。句意：食品补贴对于压低乳制品和面包的价格是必
7、要的。结合此处关键短语keeping down the price（压低价格），得知A选项正确。5. 翻译题Despite the choking smog, Beijing is still the number one choice for graduate job seekers based on its “soft environment”, according to a report published last Tuesday. The Chinese capital is the preferred choice for finding work owing to its soc
8、ial environment, economic development, infrastructure, consumption habits and internationalized atmosphere. Although metropolises are still top choices for graduates to work in, the past three years have seen more university and college graduates work in prefecture-level cities, or even smaller citi
9、es.【答案】据上周二发布的一份报告显示，尽管烟雾弥漫，但基于“软环境”，北京仍然是毕业生求职者的首选。由于中国的社会环境、经济发展、基础设施、消费习惯和国际化的氛围，中国首都是求职的首选。尽管大城市仍然是毕业生就业的首选，但在过去的三年里，越来越多的大学毕业生到地级市，甚至更小的城市工作。6. 单选题In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred onl
10、y to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export subsidy. The new protectionism is much broader than this: it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into
11、the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term “protection.” But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations.The emergence of the new protectionism in the Western world
12、reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, “The old protectionism.coexisted, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptance of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism-inde
13、ed, protectionists as well as (if not more than) free traders stood for laissez faire. Now, as in the 1930s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to distribute resources and incomes to societies satisfaction.” It is precisely this profound skepticis
14、m of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colors implies redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government inte
15、rvenes to bring about a more desired result.The victory of the welfare state is almost complete in northern Europe. In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. In Great Britain this is only
16、somewhat less true. Government traditionally has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only West Germany dares to go against the tide towards excessive interventionism in Western Europe. It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy.The welfare state h
