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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Gratitude is defined as the art of showing（ ）for every kindness, great and small.问题1选项A.motivationB.appreciationC.affectionD.opposition【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项motivation的意思是“动机”；B选项appreciation的意思是“感激，欣赏”；C选项affection的意思是“喜爱，爱慕”；D选项opposition的意思是“反对，敌对”。题干的意思是“感恩就是一种对
2、大大小小的善意表达（ ）的艺术。”根据首单词Gratitude（感谢；感激）我们可知空格处应填与该单词联系度最高的单词，因此B选项正确。2. 单选题In English learning, a（ ）circle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.问题1选项A.vigorousB.viciousC.voluntaryD.vertical【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项vigorous“精力充沛的，有力的”；B选项vicious“恶劣的，严重的”；C选项voluntary“志愿的；自发的”；D选项vert
3、ical“垂直的；直上的”。句意：在英语学习中，如果学生挨骂后犯错更多，就会形成（ ）循环。根据语境，vicious“恶劣的，严重的”搭配circle“循环”比较合理，翻译成恶性循环。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题Do you find yourself checking Facebook as soon as you wake up in the morning? Even as you read this article, is your right index finger twitching on the mouse, just itching to click on something
4、 new? If so, welcome to the 21st century. Without even realizing it, weve signed up for a life in which were all connected, all the time. Whether or not this is a good thing is the subject of Hamlets Blackberry, a new book by William Powers.Early in the book, Powers describes a scene that should str
5、ike many as familiar: He is standing at a crosswalk in the middle of Manhattan, alongside five or eight other peopleall of whom are staring intently at some digital device. “Here I was in New York, the most fantastic city in the worldso much to look at, to see and hear, and everybody around me essen
6、tially wasnt present,” he says.Powers may question the way we use our gadgets, but he certainly doesnt condemn it. He does, however, recognize the downside of constantly being flooded with new information or what he calls the “conundrum of connectedness.”Among the things that suffer from our over co
7、nnectedness, Powers says, are relationships. “If were constantly toggling between people on Facebook and texts and all these new ways of connecting all day long, and we never have a sustained connection,” Powers says. “Its sort of the opposite of connectedness.”But how are we of the 21st century sup
8、posed to cope with that problem? Powers has one suggestion thats both utterly simple and almost impossible to imagine following: just disconnect. His family, for example, takes an “Internet Sabbath” every weekend. “We turn off the household modem, and we dont have smart phones the whole weekend. We
9、cant do Web surfing.” he explains.According to Powers, the positive effects of these technology breaks are felt long after the weekends are over. “Even when were connected, we can feel the benefits of having been disconnected a couple days ago,” he says. “Its just about that simple word, balance”.No
10、t that he thinks up plugging your modem is necessarily easy. “Its really hard to pull away. You have to know why youre doing it, and really believe” he says. “What Im about here is trying to convince people that its worth doing.”1.What William Powers describes in Paragraph 2（ ）.2.The word “downside”
11、 (Para. 3) is closest in meaning to “（ ）”.3.“Internet Sabbath” means that on this day the authors family（ ）.4.The author thinks that the “Internet Sabbath”（ ）.5.The passage is most likely a（ ）.问题1选项A.makes little difference to our lifeB.is a common phenomenonC.rarely happens in other placesD.is what
12、 he has been looking for问题2选项A.confusionB.disadvantageC.challengeD.secret问题3选项A.uses the Internet to call and textB.uses the Internet only for pleasureC.completely stops using the InternetD.cannot work without the Internet问题4选项A.is really worth takingB.is suitable for most familyC.is too hard for ot
13、hers to followD.is relatively easy to carry out问题5选项A.social surveyB.news reportC.technology updateD.book review【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第二段主要描述了William Powers在纽约所见到的一个场景。由语段第一句“Powers describes a scene that should strike many as familiar（鲍尔斯描述了一个很多人都很熟悉的场景）”可知该现象在日常生活中很常见，A选项在该语段中
14、没有提到，C选项“在其他地方很少发生”与第一句“strike many as familiar（很多人都很熟悉的场景）”不相符，D选项“是他一直在寻找的”与该语段的意思不相符，因此B选项“是一种常见现象”正确。2.词意猜测题。Downside“负面，缺点”，如果不认识该单词，也可从第三段最后一句话中的“conundrum of connectedness.（连结性难题）”推断出鲍尔斯意识到了不断被新信息淹没的负面影响。A选项confusion“混淆，困惑”；C选项challenge“挑战，考验”；D选项secret“秘密，机密”，因此B选项“缺点，不利条件”正确。3.事实细节题。根据第五段中的
15、“We turn off the household modem, and we dont have smart phones the whole weekend. We cant do Web surfing.” he explains.（“我们关掉家用调制解调器，整个周末都没有智能手机。我们不能上网。”他解释道。）可知“Internet Sabbath”表示作者全家这天都不能上网，A选项“使用互联网打电话和发短信”不正确；B选项“上网娱乐”不符合原文；D选项“没有互联网而不能工作”原文也没有提到，因此C选项“完全停止使用互联网”正确。4.推理判断题。文章最后一段有提到“Not that he thinks up plugging your modem is necessarily easy（并不是说他认为关闭调制解调器一定很容易）”，可知 “Internet Sabbath”并不容易；最后一段作者还说到“What Im about here is trying to convince people that its worth doing.（我在这里的目的是试图说服人们，这是值得做的）”。B选项“适合大多数家庭”原文没有提到；C
