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1、2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷(含答案解析)1. 单选题On this barren place on Aikhanom Hill, overlooking fields peppered with land mines, soldiers come to lay a stone or say a prayer for friends lost in years of war.问题1选项A.infertileB.disastrousC.plausibleD.impeccable【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。横线单词barren意为“贫瘠的;不生育的;无益的”;A选
2、项“infertile”意为“不肥沃的;不毛的;不结果实的”;B选项“disastrous”意为“灾难性的;损失惨重的;悲伤的”;C选项“plausible”意为“看似可信的;花言巧语的;貌似真实的”;D选项“impeccable”意为“无瑕疵的,完美的;不会犯罪过的”。句意:在Aikhanom山上这个贫瘠的地方,可以俯瞰布满地雷的田野,士兵们前来为在多年战争中失去的朋友们放置石块或祈祷。由题干可知,fields peppered with land mines(布满地雷的田野)还有士兵前来悼念自己逝去的朋友,可以推测出这里曾经是一个战场。被战争摧残过的土地应该是荒芜贫瘠的。由此可推知,bar
3、ren在此处是“贫瘠的”的意思。因此A选项符合题意。2. 单选题Scientists are( )certain that there is a cancer-inhibiting agent in the blood of the shark.问题1选项A.dubiouslyB.virtuallyC.queerlyD.randomly【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项dubiously“怀疑地;可疑地”;B选项virtually“事实上,几乎”;C选项queerly“奇怪地;奇妙地”;D选项randomly“随便地,任意地;无目的地”。句意:科学家们几乎确信鲨鱼的血中有一种抗癌物质。“v
4、irtually certain几乎确信”符合语境,因此B选项正确。3. 单选题You are exposed to obtrusive ads that _seemingly from nowhere even when you are disconnected from the Net, and your personal information gathered and sent off without you being aware of it.问题1选项A.size upB.dwindle awayC.conjure upD.pop up【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项“siz
5、e up”意为“打量;估计的大小;判断;(使)符合要求或规格;评估”;B选项“dwindle away”意为“减少;消失”;C选项“conjure up”意为“用魔法召唤;使想起”;D选项“pop up”意为“突然出现”。句意:你接触着冒失的广告,它们似乎可以从任何地方突然冒出,甚至当你不在线时,你的个人信息也被收集和发送,而你没有意识到它。由题干可知,obtrusive ads(冒失的广告)和from nowhere(不知从什么地方)说明这些广告会突然从某个地方冒出来。因此D选项符合题意。4. 单选题Providing first-class service is one of the ta
6、ctics the airline adopts to attract passengers.问题1选项A.methodsB.attitudesC.thoughtsD.solutions【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。tactic“策略,手段”;A选项method“方法;手段”;B选项attitude“态度;意见”;C选项thought“思想;想法;关心”;D选项solution“解决方案;溶液;溶解”。句意:提供一流的服务是航空公司吸引乘客的策略之一。根据句中“to attract passengers为吸引乘客”可知tactic在这里的意思为“手段”,因此A选项正确。5. 单选题Peopl
7、e cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, ( ) and vulgar.问题1选项A.acquisitiveB.inquisitiveC.requisitiveD.prerequisitive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项acquisitive“贪婪的;想获得的”;B选项inquisitive“好奇的; 好问的”;C选项requisitive“需要的”;D选项prerequisitive“必要的;先决条件的
8、”。句意:人们不能像以前那样轻易而公开地坦承自己的梦想,以免被人认为爱出风头、贪婪而庸俗。acquisitive是acquire的形容词形式,acquire有“获得,取得”的意思,由此可推断出acquisitive有“贪婪的;想获得的”的意思,再由题干中的“pushing 莽撞的”和“vulgar粗俗的”可知“贪婪的”符合语境,因此A选项正确。6. 单选题Cox Radio, one of the nations largest radio chains, plans to its ties with independent record promoters to _distance itse
9、lf from a payola-like practice that runs rampant in the music business.问题1选项A.consolidateB.toutC.severD.splash【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“consolidate”意为“巩固,使固定;联合”;B选项“tout”意为“兜售;招来;刺探赛马情报”;C选项“sever”意为“割断,断绝;分开;使分离”;D选项“splash”意为“泼洒;把(水、泥等)泼在上;(在水中)溅着水花行走”。句意:考克斯广播公司是美国最大的广播连锁之一,它计划与独立唱片推广商合作,以摆脱在音乐界猖獗的类似贿
10、赂的做法。由题干可知,a payola-like practice(类似贿赂的做法),广播公司肯定是不愿意接受贿赂的做法,所以他们要摆脱这种行为,与这种做法断绝关系。因此C选项符合题意。7. 单选题We met Mary and her husband at a party two months ago. ( ) weve had no further communication.问题1选项A.ThereofB.TherebyC.ThereafterD.Thereabouts【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项Thereof“由此;在其中;关于”;B选项Thereby“从而,因此;在那附近;
11、在那方面”;C选项Thereafter“其后;从那时以后”;D选项Thereabouts“大约;在那附近”。由后半句“we ve had no further communication”(我们没有进一步的联系)可知是从上次见过以后就没有联系了,因此是时间前后的关系。句意:我们在两个月前的一次聚会上遇到了玛丽和她的丈夫,此后我们就没有进一步的联系了。因此C选项正确。8. 单选题Light is less vital to animals than it is to plants; ( ) most animals tend to shun the light rather than to we
12、lcome it.问题1选项A.for instanceB.indeedC.that isD.therefore【答案】B【解析】考查副词和词组辨析。A选项for instance“例如”;B选项 indeed“的确;事实上;甚至”;C选项that is“即;就是说;换言之”;D选项therefore“因此;所以”。句意:光对动物的重要性不如对植物;事实上,大多数动物倾向于回避光明,而不是欢迎它。空格后的内容“most animals tend to shun the light rather than to welcome it大多数动物倾向于避开光明而不是欢迎它”是对空格前句子的进一步说明
13、,因此“事实上”符合语境,因此B选项正确。9. 单选题I didnt listen to Mom and I was not surprised at the look of( )on her face.问题1选项A.indifferenceB.complimentC.negligenceD.reproach【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项indifference“漠不关心;不重视;中立”;B选项compliment“恭维;称赞;问候”;C选项negligence“疏忽;忽视”;D选项reproach“责备;责骂”。句意:我没有听妈妈的话,看到她脸上责备的表情,我并不感到惊讶。题干中说到
14、“I didnt listen to Mom我没有听妈妈的话”,而“责备”符合语境,因此D选项正确。10. 不定项选择题The mental health movement in the United States began with a period of considerable enlightenment. Dorothea Dix was shocked to find the mentally ill in jails and almshouses and crusaded for the establishment of asylums in which people could
15、 receive humane care and treatment which might help restore them to sanity. By the mid-1800s, 20 states had established asylums, but during the late 1800s and early 1900s, in the face of economic depression, legislatures were unable to appropriate sufficient funds for decent care. Asylums became overcrowded and prison-like. Additionally, patients were more resistant to tre