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1、英语句子基本成分什么是句子？ 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有“？ ！”I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、 状语(adverbial)、补语（complement）。1）主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分一般
2、由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当它的位置一般在句首The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe.They are good friends.句子成分练习题( 一 )(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To
3、do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.2) 谓语：谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或者动词短语构成They are teachers. She looks well.He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates.He can speak English.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall The days get
4、longer and longer when summer comes.A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus?A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will be B. meeting C. the libraryD. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.Did B. twins
5、 C. have D. breakfast Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didnt C. do D. his homework What I want to tell you is this.A. want B. to tell C. you D. is We had better send for a doctor.A. We B. had C. send D. doctor He is interested in music.A. is B. interested C. in D. music Whom did you giv
6、e my book to?A. give B.did C. whom D. book3) 表语：表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当表语位于系动词后面I am a teacher. She is happy.Everybody is here. They are at home now.My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing.(三) 挑出下列句中的表语 The old man was feeling very tired. Why is he worried about Jim
7、? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon They all became interested in the subject. She was the first to learn about it.4) 宾语: 宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后She plays the piano. He often helps me.I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon.I think that he is goo
8、d guy.(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said
9、 he was ill. They made him monitor of the class. Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. You will find it useful after you leave school. They didnt know who Father Christmasreally is.划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr Li is
10、going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?5) 宾语补足语： 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词和过去分词充当If you let me go, Ill make you king. Leave the door open.We found John out when we arrived.
11、 Make yourself at home.I saw him enter the hall. The boss keeps them working all day.I heard my name called.(五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily s
12、ometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?6) 状语： 状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词它表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度一般由副词，介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当，也可由从句来充当He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldnt work it out.In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study
13、hard.I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi. He is writing with a pen.(六) 挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.7) 定语： 定语用来修饰
