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1、考研考博-考博英语-西北大学模拟考试题含答案1. 翻译题大学之所以有理由存在，是因为它使老少两代人在富于想象力的学习中，保持了知识与生活热情之间的联系。大学提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，这是它应该为社会发挥的作用。一所大学如果做不到这一点，就没有理由存在。富于想象的思维可以营造出一种令人兴奋的氛围，而这种氛围又可以转化知识。事实不再只是纯粹的事实，它被赋予了种种可能性。它不再是记忆的负担，而是充满活力，犹如能描绘我们梦境的诗人，能实现我们意图的建筑师。【答案】The justification for a university is that it preserves the co
2、nnection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this re
3、spect has no reason for existence. This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a bare fact: it is invested with all its possibilities. It is no longer a burden on the memory: it is energizing as the poet of our dreams, and as the a
4、rchitect of our purposes.2. 单选题High pressure cells may bring brief warm （ ）even in the middle of winter.问题1选项A.strugglesB.spellsC.spansD.sway【答案】C【解析】struggle 奋斗，努力；spell 符咒，魅力； span跨度，范围；sway 影响，摇摆，统治。句意：高压电池即使在隆冬也能带来短暂的温暖。选项C在这里表示时间段，符合语境。3. 单选题If people didnt perspire, they would die in five minu
5、tes.问题1选项A.breatheB.eatC.sweatD.drink【答案】C【解析】句意：如果人们不流汗，他们将在五分钟内死去。perspire意为使排汗，分泌出。只有选项C与之意思相近。4. 单选题No matter what high positions one may hold, he or she should guard against （ ）.问题1选项A.arroganceB.artifactC.archivesD.ascertains【答案】A【解析】arrogance 傲慢，自大；artifact 人工制品，手工艺品；archives 档案；ascertain 查明，
6、探究。句意：不管一个人在多高的位置，他或她都不应该傲慢自大。选项A符合句意。5. 单选题What is the proper balance between the culture heritage and the globalization that threatens to （ ）the world in one model?问题1选项A.classifyB.justifyC.purifyD.unify【答案】D【解析】classify分类，分等；justify证明合法，替辩护；purify净化，使纯净；unify统一，使一致。句意：文化遗产和威胁世界统一成一种模式的全球化之间的适当平衡是
7、什么？选项D符合句意。6. 单选题Neon is an element which does not combine readily with any other element; because of this property, it is called an （ ）element.问题1选项A.expensiveB.adjacentC.activeD.inactive【答案】D【解析】expensive 昂贵的；adjacent 邻近的；active 积极的，活跃的；inactive 不活跃的，怠惰的。句意：氖是一种不易与其他元素化合的元素；由于这个属性，它被称为不活跃元素。选项D符合句
8、意。7. 单选题Lisas friends have varying capacities to cope with the affliction.问题1选项A.situationB.misfortuneC.changeD.affection【答案】B【解析】affliction意为苦难，折磨。situation 情况，形势，处境；misfortune 不幸，灾祸，灾难；change 变化，找零；affection 喜爱，感情，影响。选项B与之意思相近。8. 单选题In colonial America, people generally covered their beds with dec
9、orative quilts resembling those of the lands from which the quitters had come. Wealthy and socially prominent settlers made quilts of the English type, cut from large lengths of cloth of the same color and texture rather than stitched together from smaller pieces. They made these until the advent of
10、 the Revolutionary War in 1775, when everything English came to be frowned upon.Among the whole-cloth quilts made by these wealthy settlers during the early period are those now called linsey-woolseys. This term was usually applied to a fabric of wool and linen used in heavy clothing and quilted pet
11、ticoats worn in the wintertime. Despite the name, linsey-woolsey bedcovers did not often contain linen. Rather, they were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fiber dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coar
12、ser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow. The filling was a soft layer of wool which had been cleaned and separated and the three layers were held together with decorative stitching done with homespun linen thread. Later, cotton thread was used for this purpose. The design of the sti
13、tching was often a simple one composed of interlocking circles or crossed diagonal lines giving a diamond pattern.This type of heavy, warm, quilted bedcover was so large that it hung to the floor. The comers are cut out at the foot of the cover so that the quilt fit snugly around the tall four-poste
14、r, beds of the 1700s, which differed from those of today in that they were shorter and wider; they were short because people slept in a semi-sitting position with many bolsters or pillows, and wide, because each bed often slept three or more. The linsey-woolsey covering was found in the colder regio
15、ns of the country because of the warmth it afforded. There was no central heating and most bedrooms did not have fireplaces.1.What does this passage mainly discuss?2.The author mentions the Revolutionary War as a time period when （ ）.3.The quilts described in the second and third paragraphs were made primarily of（ ）.4.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the sleeping habits of most Americans have changed since the 1700s in all the following ways EXCEPT（ ）.5.Which o
