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1、目 录1 Spindle variable speed system design and analysis forCNC lathe experiment System12 数控车床实验系统的主轴变频调速系统设计分析6Spindle variable speed system design and analysis for CNC lathe experiment SystemZHENG Yan-qin，TANG Xue-zhe( School of Mechanical Engineering，Zhejiang University of Technology，Hangzhou 31001
2、4，China)Abstract: Mainly for the demand of designing high-accuracy，fast-response CNC lathe spindle variable speed system，a speed control proposal of fitting frequency motor and transducer together was raised via analyzing the basic principles and frequency of the variable frequency speed controlAcco
3、rding to the CNC lathe experimental system operating conditions，the lathe cutting force and spindle motor power were calculated，evidence for choosing spindle adjustable frequency motor of experiment system was provided In the light of the selected motor character，the basic principle of choosing tran
4、sducer was proposed，then a transducer was selected which matched the frequency motor in the rated capacity and rated current It is a high-performance and general-purpose voltage transducer using vector controlFinally，briefly the designideas for CNC lathe experimental platform were describedThe frequ
5、ency motor and transducer are reasonable，and its adjustable performance and starting torque can meet the requirements of the experimental systemKey words: variable frequency speed control; adjustable frequency motor; transducer; CNC lathe0 IntroductionWith the development of modern industrial techno
6、logy, frequency conversion and speed regulation technology in mechanical processing has been widely applied. In the CNC lathe spindle rotary precision of experimental system, determines the components the processing precision, frequency speed control of NC machine tool spindle speed, high efficiency
7、, wide range, high precision, the spindle speed is more and more using variable frequency speed regulation. From the spindle speed on the overall system performance indicators, how to select motor and inverter motor and inverter, achieve the best match, the spindle is the key to design of variable f
8、requency speed regulation system. This study focused on the experimental system of NC lathe spindle frequency control system design.1 the basic principle of frequency conversionAC induction motor speed is: N0 = n ( 1 - s ) = 60F ( 1 - s ) / P ( 1)Type : F - stator power supply frequency, s, slip, P
9、- magnetic pole logarithm. By the formula (1 ) knowledge, change the frequency of the power supply F, motor speed will be adjusted, this is the variable frequency speed regulation. Converter with power semiconductor device on-off action, could be the power supply conversion to another frequency step
10、less speed regulation of motor power, provide the required voltage, frequency, realizes the stepless speed regulation of asynchronous motor. Frequency converter to realize the conversion of the main mode of AC - AC variable frequency and AC - DC - AC frequency converter ( inverter direct torque cont
11、rol and vector control variable frequency ). AC - AC frequency conversion is to change the thyristor control angle of changing size and frequency, AC - AC voltage and frequency adjustment. Use the thyristor conduction performance, this study put the power to convert AC power to DC power, and then by
12、 the use of SCR inverter main circuit, output three-phase frequency and voltage can be adjusted, equivalent to a sinusoidal pulse width modulation wave ( SPWM wave ), AC - DC - AC variable frequency, drag the three-phase asynchronous motor speed operation ( 4-5 ).2 CNC lathe spindle speed control ex
13、periment system of variable frequency motor selectionDue to the complexity of cutting process, the cutting force influencing factor is very much, therefore has not yet been derived and easy to calculate cutting force FX, FY, FZ theoretical formula, generally through a large number of experiments, th
14、e establishment of the experience formula to calculate cutting force. This study will back cutting depth, feed rate and cutting speed of 3 main factors as variable factors, and other factors, correction coefficientIndirect calculation, it can be FX, FY, FZ 3 component ( 6 ) empirical formula:FZ = CF
15、zaxFzp fyFzVnFzFY = CFyaxFyp fyFyVnFyFX = CFxaxFxfyFxVnFz nFxp fyFxV nF ( 2) Type : FZ - FY - cutting force; radial force; FX - feeding force; V - cutting speed, V = nd / ( 1000 x 60 ); N - workpiece speed; D - F - feed the workpiece diameter. When turning, FZ than FY, FX is much greater, and FY, FX direction movement speed is small, therefore, FY, FX power consumption is very small (only 1% 2% ), it can be ignored. Used in lathe cutting force calculation formula is as follows: FZ =
