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1、Activity 1The power and influence of the media大众传媒的影响和力量Two hundred years ago, it took several weeks for the news of the important Battle of Trafalgar to reach London. Nowadays, you can watch a terrorist attack as it happens anywhere in the world. The communications revolution means that we are cons
2、tantly bombarded with instant news. This has great advantages, but it also raises important questions.两百年前，重要的特拉法加战役的消息到达伦敦要花好几周的时间。今天，你可以在事发当时看到世界上任何一个地方正在发生的恐怖袭击。通讯革命意味着我们正不断地受到即时新闻的轰击。这有好处，但也引发了一些问题。 ago通常都跟一般过去时连用；另外还有last *，如：I lived here ten years ago, but now I am living in the city.I bought
3、a colour TV last week, but it is not working now. 句型 “It takes(took) sb. some time to do sth. 做某事需要某人多少时间”如：It will take me a month to finish the task. 我将要一个月来完成这个任务。It took me an hour to go to school from home.我从家到学校花了一个小时。这个句型有时候可以用动词 spend 来表达，如上面两个句子：I will spend a month on the task.I spent an h
4、our going to school from home. ist 后缀，表示什么人： artist艺术家, tourist游客,feminist 女权主义者，specialist 专家，chemist 化学家； mean:What do you mean? 你什么意思？Dont laugh, I mean it. 不要笑，我是说真的（不是开玩笑）。He means trouble. 他存心闹事。Your friendship means a lot to me. 你和我的友谊对我意义重大。 be bombarded with 受轰炸的，受包围的 instant 快速的，立刻的：instan
5、t food 快餐，instant photo 即拍即有的相片 raise举起，提起，升起（及物动词，后面需带宾语）, rise升起，提高（不及物动词，后面不带宾语）如：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him. 他把声音提高以使得每个人都能听得到他。The sun is rising( from the east).太阳正（从东方）升起来。（这里from the east 是一个状语，并非rising的宾语）。 He raised himself to shake hands with the doctor.他站起来跟医生握手。T
6、he doctor rose to greet him.那个医生站起来跟他打招呼。Satellites have enabled immediate reporting worldwide. A reporter can send the news to a network like CBS News and within seconds it can be all over the world. They send electronic reports that go straight into the newspaper or onto the TV screen. Reporters c
7、an now also transmit images through their mobile phones. Consequently, live, “on-the-spot” reporting has become the norm and TV viewers can get a much better idea of what a natural disaster, a conflict or an interesting scientific discovery is like.卫星使全球报道成为可能。一位记者能将新闻传到如哥伦比亚新闻网这样的网络上，那么只要几秒钟全世界都会知道
8、这则新闻。卫星将电子报道直接传送到报纸或电视屏幕。记者们现在可以通过移动电话来传输图象。其结果是，现场报道成为了一种标准。看电视的人们可以清楚地了解一种自然灾害、一场冲突或一项有趣的科学发现是什么样的。 en-当前缀，“置之中：encage 关入笼中； 配以: enchain; 致使：enlarge 放大，使扩大， enrich 使富有，endanger 使濒临危险； in或加强的意思：enregister 登记，enbed 在床上” through 穿过，贯穿；从头到尾，彻底 He was running through the street. 他跑着穿过条条街道。The sunlight
9、goes through the window. 阳光穿过窗口。I havent read through the book yet. 我还没看完这本书。Youre through now. 你的电话接通了。We have been friends so long I know you through and through. 咱们是多年的朋友，我对你十分了解。be through with sb. 结束了shes through with her new boy-friend. 她跟新男朋友吹了。 consequently ， as a result 表示因果关系的连接词In recent
10、years, several changes have occurred in the ownership of news media. Networks （原文省略了which are） owned by large companies and governments have become bigger and very powerful. These networks such as BBC News 24 are hungry for news and have huge audiences. However, there can only be a limited number of
11、 such networks and their ownership is a big issue.近几年来，新闻媒体的所有权发生了一些变化。大公司和政府所拥有的网络正越来越强大。这些网络，例如英国广播公司的新闻24，正渴望得到新闻，拥有庞大的受众。但这样强大的新闻网的数量是有限的，而它们的所有权问题是有争议的。 happen, take place, occur 都有“发生”之意，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。但occur还有“存在、被发现、出现”occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的事，在表示具体的事物时，可与happen
12、换用。如：Im afraid that this would occur during my absence.= Im afraid that this would happen during my absence.恐怕这事会在我不在时发生。但是，如果表示“某想法”出现在人的头脑之中，这时不能用happen代替。Dose it ever occur to you that I am sometimes thinking?我时不时想的那件事你是不是也曾再你头脑中出现过？happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”。比如：New things are happening a
13、ll around us.我们身边总有新事发生。Happen还可表示“碰巧；恰好”之意。如：It happened that I had no money on me.我刚好没钱了。take place通常指“(某事)按计划进行或按计划发生。”比如：Great changes have taken place in China since.中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。此外take place还有“举行”之意。如：The meeting will take place next Friday.会议将在下周五举行。 be hungry for sth. 渴望某事物 I am hungry for y
14、ourSome companies not only own TV and radio networks but newspaper groups as well. Who decides what news to publish and what sort of “spin” to put on it? Is it always objective? There are now “spin doctors” who manipulate the news, emphasizing certain(某个，某些) parts and not others and as a result, muc
15、h of it is not neutral. Therefore, the question of control of the media matters very much. In some cases, the media companies are more powerful than governments. They can even influence elections. So the question is should they be controlled and id so, by whom?一些公司不仅拥有电视和广播这样的新闻网，也有报业集团。那么由谁来决定公布哪些新闻并赋予这些新闻什么形式的舆论导向呢？这些决定可能总是客观的吗？现在有一些舆论操纵者通过强调新闻中某些部分而不是其他部分来操纵新闻。最终，大部分的新闻都不可能保持中立的立场。所以大众媒体的控制权问题就变得很重要。某些情况下，媒体公司比政府强大。他们甚至可以影响大选。接下来的问题是：这样一些媒体公司应该受到监控吗？如果答案是肯定的，由谁来监控他们呢？Activity 10Poll reveals TV news too negative民意测验显示电视新闻太消极 A recent Time / CNN poll in
