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1、第二节海上气象报告与气象导航天气预报常见术语（中英文对照）风、沙calm无风breeze微风moderatebreeze和风gale强风，风暴squall狂风（伴有雨、雪）achillingwind寒风hurricane飓风cyclone旋风typhoon台风whirlwind龙卷风agustofwind阵风aconstantwind风向稳定的风afairwind顺风acontrarywind逆风sandstorm沙暴duststorm尘暴雨drizzle毛毛雨thundershower雷阵雨shower阵雨rainstorm暴风雨lightrainshower小阵雨heavyshower强阵
2、雨isolatedshower局部阵雨scatteredshower零星阵雨cloud-burst大暴雨pouringrain倾盆大雨freezingrain冻雨thunder雷lightning闪电raindrop雨点，雨滴rainfall降雨量雪snowshower阵雪heavysnow大雪lightsnow,flurry小雪sleet雨夹雪blizzard大风雪snowstorm暴风雪snowflake雪花snowdrift雪堆snowfall降雪量雾、霜fog雾mist薄雾freezingfog冻雾hail冰雹dew露frost霜气候mountainclimate高山气候desertc
3、limate沙漠气候monsoonclimate季风气候plateauclimate高原气候continentalclimate大陆气候littoralclimate海滨气候maritimeclimate海洋气候forestclimate森林气候一些天气预报的标准术语（中英对翻译）阴天有阵雨和轻雾overcastwithshowersandmist多云有轻雾cloudywithmist阵雨showers阴天有短时阵雨overcastwithshowers多云cloudy中阵雨moderaterain0042.LinesdrawnthroughpointsontheEarthhavingthes
4、ameatmosphericpressureareknownas_C_798在地球表面，连接所有具有相同的大气压的点所形成的线，叫（）AIsothermal等温线BMillibars毫巴CIsobars等压线DSeismics地震0119.LOWAT34N135EESLYSLWLYINTSTNCThisdescriptionismostlikelytobeundertheheadingof_B_805“低压，位于34N135E,缓慢向东移动，目前未确认”一般这句话出现在（）里GLWNG强风（9级）警报B.GENSYN天气大势STMWNG暴风（10级）警报D.TYWNG0205.Windsexp
5、ectedto_D_StormForce10insouth-eastsemicirclelaterupto300milesfromthecenterofthetropicalcyclone.预计在气旋中心东南半圆300海里范围内，狂风风力将（）10级A.get得到B.achieve得到C.attain获得D.reach达到0532.Whichinstrumentisusedtopredicttheapproachofalowpressuresystem_C.下列哪一种仪器可用来预测低压的到来（）A.Anemometer风速计B.Fathometer测深仪C.Barometer气压计Thermo
6、meter温度计0871._A_LOWELYSLWLYWITHCOLDFRONTFMCENTO12N179WANDWARMFROMFMCENTO11N171W（）低压缓慢东移，带有冷锋（从中心至12N179W）及暖锋（从中心至11N171W）ASHLW（shallow）BSCTDCOBS（ovserve）DSW0872.B_movingratherquicklyeastexpected150milessouthofCapeFarewell972by160000GMT22（正在形成的低压）东移速度较快，预计160000GMT中心气压972毫巴，将抵达CapeFarewell以南约150海里处AD
7、evelopedlowBDevelopinglowCBeingdevelopedlowDLowtobedeveloped0873._C_rainmeansitrainsinsomepartsofthearea在某区域的部分地区下雨，这种雨叫什么雨（）ASqually狂风BIsolated局部CScattered零星DOccasional偶尔0874.Alocalwindwhichoccursduringthedaytimeandiscausedbythedifferentratesofwarmingoflandandwaterisa_D由于水、陆之间的温差形成的地方性的风，多发生在白天，这种风
8、叫（）A.Foehnfen焚风B.Chinook奇努克风（北美洲落基山东坡）C.Landbreeze陆风DSeabreeze海风0875.Amicrobarographisaprecisioninstrumentthatprovidesa_B.142微（气）压计是一种提供（）的精密仪器chartedrecordofatmospherictemperatureovertime以曲线图形式表现的不同时间的大气温度chartedrecordofatmosphericpressureovertime以曲线图形式表现的不同时间的大气压力Cgraphicrecordofcombustiblegasesme
9、asuredinanatmosphere以图表形式表现的大气中的可燃气体（浓度）Dgraphicrecordofvaporpressurefromaflammable/combustibleliquid以图表形式表现的可燃液体的蒸汽压力0876.AtropicalstormisbuildingstrengthsomedistancefromyourshipWavesarecomingfromtheeast，withperiodsincreasingfrom5secondsto15secondsTheswellisfromtheeastWherewasthestormwhenthesenewsw
10、ellsweregeneratedC225你船远方某处有一个热带风暴正在加强，海浪从东来，周期由5秒增加到15秒。涌浪也从东来。当这些涌浪形成时，你认为风暴中心在哪（）ATothenorthofyou你船北面BTothesouthofyou你船南面Totheeastofyou你船东面D.Tothewestofyou你船西面0877.Atypeofprecipitationthatoccursonlyinthunderstorms（雷暴雨）withstrongconvectioncurrentsthatconveyraindropsaboveandbelowthefreezinglevelisk
11、nownasB_231在有强对流天气中，只发生在下雷暴雨时，雨水温度接近冰点，这种降水形式叫（）ASleet雨夹雪BHail冰雹CFreezingrain冻雨DRime霜;雾淞0878.AweatherforecaststatesthatthewindwillcommencebackingIntheNorthernHemisphere，thiswouldindicatethatitwill_B_273气象预报说风向将开始backing(逆时针变向)，在北半球时，这表明风向将()AShiftinaclockwisemanner顺时针变向BShiftinacounterclockwisemanne
12、r逆时针变向CContinueblowingfromthesamedirection原风向不变DDecreaseinvelocity风速减弱0879.AWINDBLOWSROUNDANTICLOCKWISEdefines_A风向沿逆时针方向变化，叫做()A.Backing(ofwind)逆时针变向B.Beach(to)冲滩CVeering(ofwind)顺时针变向Maintainingdirectionofthewind保持不变0880.Afteracoldfrontpasses，thebarometricpressure_C.冷锋过境后，气压()Drops，andthetemperature
13、drops下降，温度下降Drops，andthetemperaturerises下降，温度升高Rises，andthetemperaturedrops升高，温度下降Rises，andthetemperaturerises升高，温度升高0881.Anticyclonesareusuallycharacterizedby_A_.373反气旋一般有()特征dry，fairweather干燥，晴朗B.highwindsandcloudiness大风，多云gustinessandcontinuousprecipitation阵风，持续降雨overcastskies阴天0882.Asthetemperat
14、ureforagivenmassofairincreases，the_D_.389当某一特定的气团温度上升时，()A.Dewpointincreases露点上升B.Dewpointdecreases露点下降Relativehumidityincreases相对湿度上升(空气中水汽压与饱和水汽压的百分比)Relativehumiditydecreases相对湿度下降0883.BASHI：ETOSE9-10.500MINHVYSQUALLYSHWRSANDTS.SEA8-9M.SWELLSE6-7M.Fromtheaboveforecast，thewindinBeaufortScalewillbe
15、_A.406巴士海峡：东到东南风9-10级，大暴雨和遇热带风暴时能见度500米；海浪高8-9米，涌浪向东南，高6-7米。从以上的天气预报中可知，风力的蒲氏风级是()STRONGGALETOSTORM烈风到狂风(9-10级)GALETOSTRONGGALE狂风到暴风(10-11级)NEARGALETOGALE疾风到大风(7-8级)STRONGBREEZETONEARGALE强风到疾风(6-7级)蒲福氏风级表风力等级WindSpeedTeamEffectsObservedatSea(Knot)M/S0无级风Lessthan10-0.2CalmSealikeamirror.1软风1-30.3-1.5
16、LightAirRippleswiththeappearaneeofscalesareformed,butwithoutfoamcrests轻风4-61.6-3.3LightbreezeSmallwavelets,stillshortbutmorepronounced,crestshaveaglassyappearaneeanddonotbreak.微风7-103.4-5.4GentleBreezeLargewaveletserestsbegintobreak,foamofglassyappearanee;perhapsscatteredwhitehorses.和风11-165.5-7.9ModerateBreezeSmallwaves,beeomingIonger;f
