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1、形 容 词【常考知识清单一】形容词的用法及位置说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。1.作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。 The beautiful girl is my sister. I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情告诉你。2.作表语，放在系动词之后。 Our school is big and clean. I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上感觉不舒服。3.作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。 You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼
2、睛。 I find it hard to travel around the big city.4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见词有good/bad, rich/poor, young/old, deaf/blind, black/white, living/dead等。 The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。 The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老年人有礼貌。 【常考知识清单二】形容词比较等级的构成：原级、比较级和最高级（一）规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbette
3、rbestmany/muchmoremostbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther（较远）further（进一步）farthest（最远）furthest（最大程度）oldolderelder（较年长的）oldesteldest（最年长的）（二）不规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er, -estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest不发音的e结尾时加-r, -stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i，再加-er, -estea
4、syhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅间字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er, -estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more, mostcarefulbeautifulmore carefulmore beautifulmost carefulmost beautiful【常考知识清单三】形容词原级用法1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。 The flowers in the garden are beautiful.2.有表示绝对概念的副词ver
5、y, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。 The boy is too young.3.表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。（1）肯定句中的结构：“A+as+形容词+as+B” English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有趣。 Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim.（2）否定句中的结构：“A+as/so+形容词原级+as+B” This book isnt as new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 I am not so careful as Lucy.我没有露西仔细
6、。（3）表示“A是B的倍”时，用“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。（一次：once,两次：twice,三次以上：数字+times） Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍。 This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。 【常考知识清单四】形容词比较级用法1.表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A+比较级+than+B”。 Li Lis room is bigger than mine. This mooncake is nicer than
7、 that one.注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one, that, those等词来替代前面出现过的名词事项人中the one替代可数名词单数形式，the ones或those替代可数名词复数形式，that替代不可数名词。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.2.有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时，用形容词比较级。 I feel even worse now. It
8、 is much colder today than before.3.表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更”时，用句型“Which/Who is+形容词比较级，A or B?”表示。 Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao? Which sweater is more beautiful, the yellow one or the pink one?4.表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。 I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。5.表示“两者之间最一个（of the two）”时，常用“the+比较级”结构。
9、Mary is the taller of the twins.6.表示“越来越”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。 Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变行越来越暖和。 Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.7. 表示“越就越”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。 The more we get together, the happier well be.【常考知识清单五】形容词最高级用
10、法。1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。 He is the strongest of the three boys. Shanghai is the biggest city in China.2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用“which/who is +the+最高级，A，B or C?” 结构。Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?3.表示“最的之一”时，用“one of the+形容词最高级”结构
11、，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers. 周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一.4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最”. Chang Jiang is the first longest river in China.长江是中国第一大长河。5.形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格等修饰，但此时不能再用定冠词the. This is our last lesson today. 这是我们的最后一节课。 Yesterday was his busiest day. 昨天是他最忙的一天。6.形容词
12、比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。 Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生。 =Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.李雷比班上其他任何一个学生都高。 =Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。 =Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.李雷比班上其他任何人都高。【易混知识清单】（一）-ing形容词和-ed形容词-
13、ing形容词-ed形容词例句surprising令人惊讶的surprised感到惊讶的This is a surprising story.I am surprised at the news.interesting有趣的interested感兴趣的I have an interesting book.He is interested in science.exciting令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的Have you heard of the exciting news?We are excited about the traveling.pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快
14、、满意的This is a pleasing trip.The teacher is pleased with our performance.frightening令人恐惧的frightened感到恐惧的This is a frightening story. We are frightened of the ghost.moving令人感动的moved受感动的Titanic is a moving film. We are moved by Hong Zhanhui deeply.tiring使人疲倦的tired感到疲倦的The speech is very tiring.Are you tired of it?fascinating迷人的fascinated着迷的What a fascinating voice!Many boys are fascinated by computer games.表示主动意义，多指事物对人的影响，一般修饰事物。表示被动意义，多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人，常用于“sb.+-ed形容词+介词”结构。We are all interested in the interesting story.（三）在两者进行比较“表示A不如B”时，多音节和部分双音节形容词除使用“not
