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1、 . 宾语从句主讲教师：易波英语教师中考考点连接词的选择宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态 宾从的连接词 that 无意义，无成分，可省 if, whether 是否 句尾有or not用whether所有的特殊疑问词：what，which，who，whom，when，where，how，why 等。 I dont know if he will come on time Im happy (that) I have passed the exam 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须是述语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。解题技巧：淘汰疑问语序：be/ 助/ 情+主语He asked me what I did
2、 yesterday afternoon Can you tell me how old you are.宾语从句的语序 注意：有些问句，疑问词就是句子的主语，所以问句本身就是述语序，在变成宾从时语序无需发生变化。What is happening over there?Do you know what is happening over there?Whats wrong with you?I wonder whats wrong with you. What is the matter?宾语从句的时态 当主句中谓语是现在时，从句中谓语不受主句谓语时态的影响，可按需要使用任何时态。I hea
3、r hell be back in a few days. I hear he came back a few days ago. -Can you guess if they will come to play basketball with us? -I think theyll come if they are free. 宾语从句的时态 当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态(如：一般过去时、过去进展时、过去将来时，过去完成时)，以便保持与主旬谓语动词时态的一致。She said she was reading a story book at seven yest
4、erday She said they had seen this film several times She said she would come to see me, if she had time tomorrow.注意：当主句谓语是过去时态，而宾语从句表达某一客观真理(事实)时，宾语从旬的时态用一般现在时。 They said that the earth is round The teacher told me that the moon moves around the earth.无敌小口诀主现从随便；主过从必过；一过，过进，过将，过完真理永不变。定语从句(上)主讲教师：易波
5、市英语教师定义：在复合句中，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子从句叫定语从句。A doctor is a person who looks after the sick peoples health. 先行词 关系代词 谓语 宾语 定语从句修饰先行词 其中，who是关系代词，在定语从句中做主语。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。它既起连接作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。含定语从句的复合句的根本结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句This is the school where my mother works.先行词关系词 如：That is t
6、he bike which my father bought for me. which= bike考点：引导词的选择定语从句的引导词：关系代词 that、which、who、whom(宾格)、whose;关系副词 when、where、why关系代词关系代词指代对象在从句中的成分人物主语宾语定语who(whom)whichthatwhose 1. Do you know the girl who/that has got an “A in the exam?2. She has got a computer which/that her parents bought for her.3. T
7、his is the factory that/which his father visited three years ago.4.The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.5. The room whose window is open is mine.6. I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.7. This is the factory where I worked three years ago.8. Could you explain the reason w
8、hy you were late again?注意：一、which与that指物时可互相代替，但也有只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：口诀：两代限形特疑序两：先行词词中同时含有“人和“物的名词时，定语从句只能用that引导。I can remember the persons and the pictures that I saw in the room.代：先行词为everything、something、anything、nothing、all、none、much、little、few等不定代词或被这些不定代词修饰时，定语从句只能用that引导。Here is all the
9、money (that) I have.限：先行词同时又被the only、the very或the right修饰时，定语从句只能用that引导。It is the only word that I know in the passage.形：先行词同时又被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用that引导。This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard.特疑：当主句是who或 which开头的特殊疑问句时，用that引导定语从句。Who is the girl that won the first place?序：先行词同时又
10、被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用that引导。This is the first composition that he has written in English.二、不能使用that的定语从句1、主句与从句用逗号隔开，先行词是物时，只用which，不用that。She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.2、关系代词前有介词时。关系词前有介词时，关系词只能为which或whom This is the hotel in which you will stay.Who is the teacher to
11、 whom Lily is talking? 3、先行词是one(s)、anyone、someone、those时，关系词使用who。Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.三、关系词的省略关系词在从句中作宾语可省略；但关系代词which, whom在从句中做介词的宾语且介词位于关系代词前时，不可以省略；that、which、who在从句中做主语时，不能省略。 1、The boy (who/ that) I like isnt here now.作宾语，可省略2、Ill never forget the day on which
12、I joined the army.3、Who is the boy that is talking withour teacher?注：判断关系词的成分可以通过复原法，即把先行词带入从句 中，先行词的成分就是关系词的成分。 四、whose 指人，也可指物，表示某人的或 某物的，在从句中作定语，不可省略。Please show me the book whose cover is red.定语从句(下)主讲教师：易波市英语教师关系副词关系副词用来引导定语从句时，在句中作状语。Where修饰地点词，在从句中做地点状语。When修饰时间词，在从句中做时间状语。Why修饰reason，在从句中做原因
13、状语。拓展：关系副词和关系代词的比拟1. I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. 2. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.3. This is the reason why he was dism
14、issed.This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.结论：先行词做状语用where/when/why，做主语，宾语时用关系代词that、which。为什么第一句用where引导，而第二句却用which？1. This is the place where the accident took place last night.2. This was the place which I visited last year.动词搭配与辨析主讲教师：易波市英语教师接动名词不接不定式作宾语的常用动词avoid doing sth. 防止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事keep doing sth. 保持做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事miss doing sth. 错过做某事pardon doing sth. 原谅做某
