《2024年高中英语学业水平考试必备考点15 短文改错（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）（解析版）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2024年高中英语学业水平考试必备考点15 短文改错（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）（解析版）（33页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题15 短文改错1. 理解短文的基础上发现并纠正词法、句法、行文逻辑等类型错误的能力。2. 熟练掌握并运用高中阶段的重点语法项目。3. 掌握高考命题规律，多归纳总结常考点和易错点。 题型1 词法类错误 一、 谓语动词和非谓语动词类错误考向一 谓语动词错误【典例分析】(2022全国乙卷)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. 解析：考查动词。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知，此处tidy up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知，句
2、子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I，谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。【典例分析】（2021全国甲卷）Their answers also show that they disliking talk to others. They kept very much to themselves.解析：考查时态。句意：他们很自闭。结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。所以此处的kept改为keep。故kept改为keep。答案：kept keep考向二 非谓语动词错误【典例分析】 (2022全国甲卷)I was unwilling talk with him and often diso
3、beyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late. 解析：1).考查非谓语动词。be willing to do意思为：愿意做，为固定短语。故在talk前面加to。2) 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。of为介词，后面的动词stay用动名词形式staying作宾语。故将stay改为staying。答案：talk前面加to; stay staying【典例分析】(2022全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定短语dislike
4、doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。 答案：talk talking二、其它词法类错误考向一、 名词单复数错误【典例分析】(2022年全国乙卷)Our city will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. 解析：考查名词。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。答案：bicyclebicycles【典例分析】 (2021年全国乙卷)I always assist my parents in do
5、ing the dish after meals.解析：考查名词单复数。固定短语“do the dishes”译为“洗餐具”。故将dish改为dishes。答案：dishdishes考向二、 代词错误【典例分析】(2022全国乙卷) When you ride a bicycle, you dont use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not causing air pollution. 解析：考查代词。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。答案：theyy
6、ou【典例分析】（2021全国甲卷）Some will turn to their parents or teachers for help. Only a few choose to deal with the problems on our own. 解析：考查代词。句意同上。短语on ones own，意为“独自”，结合句意可知，此处指学生们独自完成，所以要用代词their。故our改为their。考向三、 冠词错误【典例分析】 (2020年，全国卷I）Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. 解析：考查
7、冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前添加the。答案：pan前加the【典例分析】 (2020课标全国卷) For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.解析：考查冠词。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。答案：the改a考向四、介词和数词错误【典例分析】(2022全国乙卷)Maybe it is because the com
8、bination of fresh air, smooth movements and exercise.解析：考查介词。because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。答案：because后加of【典例分析】 (2021全国乙卷) In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. 解析：考查介词。句
9、意：在我看来，学生可以从做家务中受益很多。固定短语“benefit.from. ”译为“从中获益”。故在doing前加from。答案：doing前加from考向五、形容词和副词错误【典例分析】 (2022年全国乙卷)We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. 解析：考查形容词。句意: 我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。答案：greatlygreat【典例分析】（2021全国甲卷）In my opinion, when in trouble, we should se
10、ek help from those we trust mostly.解析：考查副词。句意同上。副词mostly，意为“大多数”；most意为“最”，此处指最相信的人，指程度。故mostly改为most。答案：mostlymost题型2 句法类错误考向一、时态和主谓一致性错误【典例分析】 (2022全国乙卷) They often run at high speeds, which may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams. 解析：考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are
11、。答案：wereare【典例分析】（2021全国甲卷）One of the questions are：Who will you go to in times of trouble? 解析：考查主谓一致。one of the +名词复数，意为“之一”，为单数含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态用一般现在时。故are改为is。答案：areis考向二、定语从句错误【典例分析】（2022全国卷乙卷）They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. 解析：考查定语从句关
12、系词。逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为which。答案：whatwhich【典例分析】 (2020 课标全国II卷)Thank you for the letter, what really made me happy. 解析：考查非限制性定语从句逗号后的从句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词your letter，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故将what改为which.答案：whatwhich考向三、状语从句和名词性从句错误【典例分析】 (2022全国乙卷)Whether you ride a
13、 bicycle, you dont use petrol. 解析：考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将改为If或改为When。答案：WhetherIf/When【典例分析】(2021全国甲卷) In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.解析：考查状语从句。分析可知，本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为we should seek help.，从句表示的含义为无论什么时候我
14、们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时，所以应用when/whenever引导。故where改为when/whenever。答案：wherewhen/whenever题型3 逻辑类错误【典例分析】 (2022全国甲卷) One day, he talked with me or hoped to mend our relations. 解析：考查并列连词。句意：一天，他和我交谈，并且希望修补我们的关系。根据语境，“talked with me”与“hoped to mend our relations”为顺承、递进关系，用and连接。故将or改为and。答案：orand【典例分析】 (2020课标全国I卷
15、) First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. 解析：考查连词。句意：首先我把西红柿切成块，并把它们放在一边。I cut the tomatoes into pieces与put them aside之间是并列关系，应使用and连接，故将but改为and。答案：butand（2022云南高二学业考试）请你修改以下的每个句子，每句有1处语言错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在横线下面写出修改后的词。注意：每处错误及其修改仅限一词。1My mother is taking care my little sister at home.2He speak English better than anyone else in his class.3As everyone knows, Peter plays the football very well.4Listen carefully, or you will not under
